مشروع مقدم إلى عمادة المعهد التقني / بابل – قسم المكائن والمعدات كجزء من متطلبات نيل درجة الدبلوم التقني في ميكانيك السيارات

1. See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/272238810
Optimum choice for fiber glass reinforcement
ratio to ensure better impact strength for auto
parts
Research · February 2015
DOI: 10.13140/2.1.2834.5122
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Ali I. Al-Mosawi
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Retrieved on: 18 August 2016

2. ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱄ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻫﻴﺌﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﻬﺪ‬–‫ﺑﺎﺑﻞ‬
‫ﻗﺴﻢ‬‫ﻭﺍﳌﻌﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻜﺎﺋﻦ‬/‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻉ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺰﺟﺎﺝ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻟﻴﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻷﺟﺰﺍء‬ ‫ﺻﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻀﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﻀﻤﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﻬﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻉ‬‫ﺘﻘﻨﻲ‬/‫ﺑﺎﺑﻞ‬–‫ﻗﺴﻢ‬‫ﻭﺍﳌﻌﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻜﺎﺋﻦ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺠﺰء‬
‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺑﻠﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ‬‫ﺘﻘ‬‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻨﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻚ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﻠﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺇﺷﺮﺍﻑ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻱ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬
‫ﻣﺪﺭﺱ‬
2013‫ﻡ‬1434‫ﻫـ‬
‫ﲪﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﲑ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﻼﻡ‬‫ﻋﻴﺪﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺪﺭ‬‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺎﺩ‬
‫ﺟﺎﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺪ‬‫ﻫﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺿﻴﺎء‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺪﻭﻥ‬

3. 
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
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


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‫ﻴﻼ‬
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‫ﺍﻟﻌ‬ِ‫ﻈ‬‫ﻴﻢ‬
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4. ‫ﺇﱃ‬............
‫ﲰﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻸﻟﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺠﻮﻡ‬.............
َ
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻱ‬...........‫ﺇﺧﻮﺗﻲ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻘﺮﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺻﺪﻗﺎﺋﻲ‬
‫ﺍ‬‫ﻹﻫﺪﺍء‬

5. ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫واﻟﺜﻨﺎء‬ ‫واﻟﺤﻤﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻜﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺪﯾﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬‫ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬‫ﺎل‬‫إﻛﻤ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫واﻷﺧﯿ‬ ‫اﻷول‬ ‫ﻞ‬‫اﻟﻤﺘﻔﻀ‬
‫ﺪه‬ ‫ﺑﻌ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫وﻣ‬ ، ‫ﺚ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺤ‬ ‫ﺬا‬ ‫ھ‬‫ﺎ‬ ‫إﻣﺘﻨﺎﻧ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﺎﻟﺘﻌﺒﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺐ‬ ‫ﻧﺮﻏ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻧﻨ‬‫ﺘﺎذ‬ ‫ﺳ‬ُ‫اﻷ‬ ‫ﺮﻓﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺸ‬ ‫ﻖ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﯿ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع‬ ‫إﻛﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪة‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺪﻣﮫ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻮﺳﻮي‬ ‫إﺑﺮاھﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬.
‫ﺷﻜﺮﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻌﺒﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﺮﻏﺐ‬ ‫ﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬‫وﺗﻘﺪﯾﺮﻧﺎ‬‫ﻟﻘﺴﻢ‬‫واﻟﻤﻌﺪات‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﺎﺋﻦ‬‫اﻟﺘﻘﻨﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬–‫ﺑﺎﺑﻞ‬‫ﮫ‬‫ﻟﺘﻘﺪﯾﻤ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع‬ ‫ﻟﮭﺬا‬ ‫إﻛﻤﺎﻟﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﯿﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻤﻜﻨﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪة‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬.
‫ﺍ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﺸﻜﺮ‬

6. ‫أ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺷﮭﺪ‬‫ﺄ‬‫ھﺬ‬ ‫إﻋﺪاد‬ ‫ن‬‫ا‬‫اﻟ‬‫ﻤﺸﺮوع‬‫اﻟﻤﻮﺳﻮم‬”‫ﺑﺄﻟﻴﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻷﺟﺰﺍء‬ ‫ﺻﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻀﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﻀﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰﺟﺎﺝ‬“‫أﺷﺮاﻓ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺖ‬ ‫ﺟﺮى‬‫ﻲ‬‫ﻗﺴﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫واﻟﻤﻌﺪات‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﺎﺋﻦ‬-‫اﻟﺘﻘﻨﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﮭﺪ‬/‫وھ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺑﻞ‬‫ﻮ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫درﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﺰء‬‫ﺪﺑﻠﻮم‬
‫اﻟﺘﻘﻨﻲ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻣﯿﻜﺎﻧﯿﻚ‬‫اﻟﺴﯿﺎرات‬.
‫ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻑ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻱ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬
‫ﻣﺪﺭﺱ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺇﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬

7. ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﺴﻞ‬‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﻼﺼﺔ‬iii
1.1‫اﻟﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬1
2.1‫ﺑﺎﻷﻟﯿﺎف‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻘﻮﯾﺔ‬2
3.1‫اﻟﻤﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻮاد‬2
4.1‫اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻮاد‬ ‫ﺧﻮاص‬4
5.1‫أﺳﺘﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻮﻟﻲ‬ ‫راﺗﻨﺞ‬5
6.1‫اﻷﻟﯿ‬‫ـــ‬‫اﻟﺰﺟﺎﺟﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﺎف‬7
1.2‫اﻟﻤﻮاد‬‫ﺴﺘﺨ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬‫اﻟ‬‫اﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺪﻣﺔ‬8
2.2‫اﻟﻨﻤﺎذج‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻀﯿﺮ‬8
3.2‫اﻟﺼﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫إﺧﺘﺒﺎر‬10
‫ﺍﶈﺘ‬‫ـــ‬‫ﻮﻳ‬‫ــــ‬‫ﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬–‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺎﻧﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬‫ﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬–‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺎﻧﺐ‬‫ﻌﻤﻠ‬‫ﻲ‬

8. 1.3‫اﻟﻤﻘــﺪﻣـﺔ‬11
2.3‫اﻹﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎﺟﺎت‬12
3.3‫اﻟﺘﻮﺻﯿﺎت‬12
‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬‫ﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬–‫ﻭﺍﳌﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺩﺭ‬

9. ‫اﻟﺨﻼﺻﺔ‬
‫ھﺬ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬‫ا‬‫اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع‬‫ﺧﺎﺻﯿ‬ ‫دراﺳﺔ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ﺑﺎﻷﻟﯿﺎف‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﻮاة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺎدة‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﻮﻧﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺸﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﻏﯿﺮ‬ ‫أﺳﺘﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻮﻟﻲ‬ ‫راﺗﻨﺞ‬(SIROPOL 8340-PI)‫اﻟﻤﻘﻮى‬‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻮﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺴﺐ‬
(80%,60%,40%,20%)‫ﻣﻦ‬‫أﻟﯿﺎف‬‫اﻟﺰﺟﺎج‬‫ﻧﻮع‬ ‫اﻹﺗﺠﺎه‬ ‫أﺣﺎدﯾﺔ‬-E.‫ﺗﻢ‬‫دﻣﺞ‬‫اﻟﺰﺟﺎج‬ ‫أﻟﯿﺎف‬
‫و‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨ‬‫أﻋﻼه‬ ‫اﻟﻮزﻧﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﺴﺐ‬‫اﻟﻤﺸﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﻏﯿﺮ‬ ‫أﺳﺘﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻮﻟﻲ‬ ‫راﺗﻨﺞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أرﺿﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫اﻟﯿﺪوﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮﻟﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻄﺮﯾﻘﺔ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫أﺛﺮ‬ ‫ودراﺳﺔ‬‫ﺧﺎﺻﯿ‬‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﺼﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬.
‫اﻟﺘﻘﻮﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻮاص‬ ‫ھﺬه‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫أظﮭﺮت‬‫ﺑﺎﻷﻟﯿﺎف‬‫ھﺬه‬ ‫ﻗﯿﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺰﯾﺎدة‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻮاص‬ ‫ھﺬه‬ ‫وﺗﺰداد‬
‫اﻟﺘﻘﻮﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫زﯾﺎدة‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻮاص‬‫ﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻘﻮﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺨﻔﺾ‬ ‫وﻟﻜﻨﮭﺎ‬)80(%‫اﻷﻟﯿﺎف‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬.‫ﺗﻢ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﺪ‬
‫وزﻧﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻮﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺨﻮاص‬ ‫ﻗﯿﻢ‬ ‫أﻓﻀﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺼﻮل‬)60.(%
‫ﺍﳋﻼﺻﺔ‬

10. ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺎﻧﺐ‬

11. ‫اﻷول‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬:‫اﻟﻨﻈﺮي‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺎﻧﺐ‬

12. ‫اﻷول‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬:‫اﻟﻨﻈﺮي‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺎﻧﺐ‬

13. ‫اﻷول‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬:‫اﻟﻨﻈﺮي‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺎﻧﺐ‬

14. ‫اﻷول‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬:‫اﻟﻨﻈﺮي‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺎﻧﺐ‬
‫ﻌﺒﺮ‬ُ‫ﺗ‬ً‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﻘﯿﺎﺳ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫ﺗﻌﺘﺒ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻛﻤ‬ ، ‫ﻣﻔﺎﺟﺊ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺖ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺎدة‬ ‫ﻗﺪرة‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺪﻣﺔ‬‫ﻟﻠﺼ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣ‬ ‫ﻰ‬‫أﻋﻠ‬ ‫ﺪي‬‫ﺗﺒ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫اﻟﺘ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ھ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻣﺘﺎﻧ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫اﻷﻛﺜ‬ ‫ﻮاد‬‫اﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﺚ‬‫ﺣﯿ‬ ‫ﺎدة‬‫اﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺘﺎﻧﺔ‬.‫ﯿﻦ‬‫ﺗﺤﺴ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫وﯾﻤﻜ‬
‫أو‬ ‫ﺪﻧﺎت‬‫اﻟﻤﻠ‬ ‫ﺎﻓﺔ‬‫إﺿ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫ﺎدﯾﻦ‬‫ﺑﯿﻮﺗ‬ ‫ﺎط‬‫ﻣﻄ‬ ‫ﻞ‬‫ﻣﺜ‬ ‫ﻨﺎت‬‫اﻟﻤﺤﺴ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﺑﺈﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺮاﺗﻨﺠﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺘﺮﺗﯿ‬‫اﻟﺴﻼﺳﻞ‬ ‫وﺗﺮاﺻﻒ‬ ‫ﺐ‬‫اﻟﺒﻮﻟﯿﻤﯿﺮﯾ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ﻲ‬‫ھ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺴﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻠﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺮق‬ ‫أﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫وﻟﻜﻦ‬
‫ﺎف‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻷﻟﯿ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻘﻮﯾ‬]7[.‫ﺰز‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤ‬ ‫ﻮذج‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻤ‬ ‫ﺎر‬ ‫إﺧﺘﺒ‬)Notch-BarTest(‫ﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺼ‬ ‫ﺎر‬ ‫إﺧﺘﺒ‬ ‫أو‬
)Impact Test(‫ﻟﻤﺘﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺼﻮل‬ ‫ﯾﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬ ‫واﻟﺬي‬‫ﺎدة‬‫اﻟﻤ‬‫ﺎر‬‫اﻹﺧﺘﺒ‬ ‫ﺮوف‬‫ظ‬ ‫ﺖ‬‫ﺗﺤ‬،
‫آﯾﺰود‬ ‫وإﺧﺘﺒﺎر‬ ‫ﺷﺎرﺑﻲ‬ ‫إﺧﺘﺒﺎر‬ ‫اﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎرات‬ ‫ھﺬه‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬.
‫ﺪ‬‫ﻟﺘﺤﺪﯾ‬ ‫ﺐ‬‫اﻟﺠﺎﻧ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻣﻄﺮﻗ‬ ‫ﮫ‬‫ﻋﻠﯿ‬ ‫ﻘﻂ‬‫وﺗﺴ‬ ‫ﯿﻦ‬‫ﻛﺘﻔ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤﺰز‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻤﻮذج‬ ‫ﺗﺜﺒﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﯾﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺷﺎرﺑﻲ‬ ‫إﺧﺘﺒﺎر‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻣﺘﺎﻧﺘﮫ‬ ‫ﻣﺪى‬.‫ﺣﺮف‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻖ‬ ‫ﯾﻜﻮن‬)V(‫ﺣﺮف‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫أو‬)U(‫ﻞ‬‫اﻟﺤﻤ‬ ‫ﻮع‬‫ﻧ‬ ‫ﻒ‬‫ﯾﺨﺘﻠ‬ ‫ﺬﻟﻚ‬‫ﻟ‬ ‫وﻧﺘﯿﺠﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺤﺰ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻂ‬.‫رﻗﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬)1-1(‫ﻛﯿﻔﯿ‬ ‫ﯾﻮﺿﺢ‬‫ﺷﺎرﺑﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻄﺮﯾﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫إﺧﺘﺒﺎر‬ ‫إﺟﺮاء‬ ‫ﺔ‬.
‫ھﻲ‬‫اﻟﺼﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬(Impact Strength).

15. ‫اﻷول‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬:‫اﻟﻨﻈﺮي‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺎﻧﺐ‬
‫رﻗﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬)1-1:(‫ﺷﺎرﺑﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻄﺮﯾﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫إﺧﺘﺒﺎر‬ ‫إﺟﺮاء‬ ‫ﻛﯿﻔﯿﺔ‬
5.1‫ﺃﺳﱰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻮﱄ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﺗﻨﺞ‬(Polyester Resin)
‫ﺿﻤﻨﮭﺎ‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﺳﺘﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻮﻟﻲ‬ ‫راﺗﻨﺠﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺘﻤﻲ‬‫ﻣﺸﺒﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﻐﯿﺮ‬‫اﻟﺮاﺗﻨﺠﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬‫ﺎﻟﺤﺮارة‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻠﺪة‬‫اﻟﻤﺘﺼ‬
‫ﺔ‬‫ﻧﺘﯿﺠ‬ ‫ﻠﺒﺔ‬‫ﺻ‬ ‫ﺎدة‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻰ‬‫إﻟ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻮﻟﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻜﯿﻠﮭﺎ‬ ‫إﻋﺎدة‬ ‫إﻣﻜﺎﻧﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪم‬ ‫اﻟﺮاﺗﻨﺠﺎت‬ ‫ھﺬه‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻤﯿﺰ‬ ‫ﺣﯿﺚ‬
‫ﺎﺑﻜﻲ‬‫اﻟﺘﺸ‬ ‫ﺎﻟﺮﺑﻂ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻤﻰ‬‫ﯾﺴ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻮ‬‫وھ‬ ‫ﮭﺎ‬‫ﺑﻌﻀ‬ ‫ﻊ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺎﺑﻜﺔ‬‫ﻣﺘﺸ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫طﻮﯾﻠ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﺑﻮﻟﯿﻤﯿﺮﯾ‬ ‫ﻞ‬‫ﺳﻼﺳ‬ ‫ﻮن‬‫ﻟﺘﻜ‬)Cross
Linking(.‫ﺛﻨﺎﺋ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺸ‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﻏﯿ‬ ‫ﺎض‬ ‫أﺣﻤ‬ ‫ﺘﺮ‬ ‫أﺳ‬ ‫ﻮﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺒ‬ ‫ﺎت‬ ‫راﺗﻨﺠ‬ ‫ﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻀ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺘﺨﺪم‬ ‫ﯾﺴ‬‫ﺪة‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻋ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﯿ‬
)Dibasic Acids(‫ﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺜ‬Isophthalic)،Orthophthalic،Terephthalic(‫ﺬه‬ ‫ھ‬ ‫ﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻔﺎﻋ‬
‫ﻞ‬‫ﻣﺜ‬ ‫ﺪروﺟﯿﻦ‬‫اﻟﮭﯿ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﺛﻨﺎﺋﯿ‬ ‫ﺎت‬‫ﻛﺤﻮﻟﯿ‬ ‫ﻊ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺎض‬‫اﻷﺣﻤ‬Ethylene Glycol)،(Propylene Glycol
‫اﻟﺴﺘﺎﯾﺮﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎل‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻧﻮﻣﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻠﯿﻂ‬ ‫ھﺬا‬ ْ‫ب‬َ‫و‬َ‫ﺬ‬ُ‫ﯾ‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬)Styrene. (
‫ﻮاص‬‫ﺑﺨ‬ ‫ﺘﺮ‬‫أﺳ‬ ‫ﻮﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺒ‬ ‫ﻨﺞ‬‫راﺗ‬ ‫ﻒ‬ ‫ﯾﺘﺼ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ﻟﻐﺎﯾ‬ ‫ﺮارة‬ ‫اﻟﺤ‬ ‫ﻞ‬‫ﯾﺘﺤﻤ‬ ‫إذ‬ ‫ﺪة‬ ‫ﺟﯿ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺮارﯾ‬)260ºC(‫ﺎز‬‫وﯾﻤﺘ‬
‫ﻛﯿﻤﯿﺎ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫وﻣﻘﺎوﻣ‬ ‫ﺎزة‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺘ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﮭﺮﺑﺎﺋﯿ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻘﺎوﻣ‬‫ﺋ‬‫ﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺂﻛ‬ ‫ﺎوم‬ ‫وﻣﻘ‬ ‫ﻼح‬ ‫واﻷﻣ‬ ‫ﺎض‬ ‫واﻷﺣﻤ‬ ‫ﺬﯾﺒﺎت‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﯿ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻌﻒ‬ ‫ﯾﺘﺼﻒ‬ ‫وﻟﻜﻨﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﯿﺌﯿﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﺘﺄﺛﯿﺮات‬‫واﻟﮭﺸﺎﺷﺔ‬]8.[

16. ‫اﻷول‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬:‫اﻟﻨﻈﺮي‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺎﻧﺐ‬
‫ﺔ‬‫درﺟ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻓﯿﮭ‬ ‫ﻊ‬‫ﺗﺮﺗﻔ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫اﻟﺘ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺠﺎﻻت‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺎم‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫أﺳﺘﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻮﻟﻲ‬ ‫راﺗﻨﺠﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬‫ﺪى‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻰ‬‫إﻟ‬ ‫ﺮارة‬‫اﻟﺤ‬
‫ﺘﺮ‬‫أﺳ‬ ‫ﻮﻟﻲ‬‫اﻟﺒ‬ ‫ﻞ‬‫ﯾﻌﻤ‬ ‫ﺚ‬‫ﺣﯿ‬ ‫ﻄﺢ‬‫اﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻟﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﻮدة‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻄﻠﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻄﺒﯿﻘﺎت‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬ ‫،و‬ ً‫ﺎ‬‫ﻧﺴﺒﯿ‬ ‫ﻛﺒﯿﺮ‬
‫ﻠﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻔﺎﺿ‬ ‫ﺎش‬ ‫اﻹﻧﻜﻤ‬ ‫ﻮن‬ ‫ﺗﻜ‬ ‫ﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻨ‬ ‫ﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻠ‬)Differential Shrinkage(‫ﺎم‬ ‫إﻧﺘﻈ‬ ‫ﺪم‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﺒﺐ‬ ‫ﯾﺴ‬ ‫ﺬي‬ ‫اﻟ‬
‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻮاد‬‫اﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻄﺢ‬‫اﻟﺴ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤﺮﻛﺒ‬‫وﻣﻜ‬ ‫ﺐ‬‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻟ‬ ‫ﻞ‬‫ھﯿﺎﻛ‬ ‫ﻨﺎﻋﺔ‬‫ﻟﺼ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﺰﺟﺎﺟﯿ‬ ‫ﺎف‬‫اﻷﻟﯿ‬ ‫ﻰ‬‫إﻟ‬ ‫ﺎف‬‫،وﺗﻀ‬‫ﺎت‬‫ﻮﻧ‬
‫اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫وﻏﯿﺮھﺎ‬ ‫واﻟﺴﯿﺎرات‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﺋﺮات‬ ‫أﺟﺴﺎم‬.
ً‫ﺎ‬‫ﺗﻠﻘﺎﺋﯿ‬ ً‫ﺎ‬‫ﺗﻔﻜﻜ‬ ‫أﺳﺘﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻮﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﯿﺐ‬ ‫ﯾﻌﺎﻧﻲ‬)Spontaneous Decomposition(‫ﺮارة‬‫ﺣ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫درﺟ‬ ‫ﺪ‬‫ﻋﻨ‬
‫ﺎرب‬ ‫ﺗﻘ‬(300ºC)‫ﺠﯿﻦ‬ ‫اﻷوﻛﺴ‬ ‫ﻮد‬ ‫وﺟ‬ ‫ﺪم‬ ‫ﺑﻌ‬ ‫ﻰ‬ ‫ﺣﺘ‬.‫ﻈﺎﯾﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺸ‬ ‫ﻮع‬ ‫وﻧ‬ ‫ﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺤﻠ‬ ‫ﺮارة‬ ‫ﺣ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫درﺟ‬ ‫ﺪ‬ ‫وﺗﻌﺘﻤ‬
‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠ‬)Fragment(‫اﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﺘﺮ‬ ‫أﺳ‬ ‫ﻮﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺒ‬ ‫ﺐ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﯿ‬ ‫ﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻠ‬‫ﺘﺨﺪم‬ ‫ﺴ‬]9.[‫ﻢ‬ ‫رﻗ‬ ‫ﺪول‬ ‫اﻟﺠ‬)1-1(‫ﺢ‬ ‫ﯾﻮﺿ‬
‫اﻟ‬‫ﺨﻮاص‬‫ﻟ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﯿﻜﺎﻧﯿﻜﯿﺔ‬‫أﺳﺘﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻮﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺮاﺗﻨﺞ‬.
‫رﻗﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺪول‬)1-1(:‫اﻟ‬‫ﺨﻮاص‬‫ﻟ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﯿﻜﺎﻧﯿﻜﯿﺔ‬‫ﺮاﺗﻨﺞ‬‫أﺳﺘﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻮﻟﻲ‬
Mechanical Properties
Property Value
Conditions
State ASTM
Flexural Modulus(Mpa) 1449-1932 23Cº
D790
Tensile Strength(Mpa) 34-43 At break D638
Flexural strength(Mpa)at yield or break 49-60 - D790
Elongation at Break(%) 150-300 - D638
Hardness 101-115 Rockwell D638
Izod Impact No break - D256A

17. ‫اﻷول‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬:‫اﻟﻨﻈﺮي‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺎﻧﺐ‬
6.1‫ﺍﻷﻟﻴ‬‫ـــ‬‫ﺍﻟﺰﺟﺎﺟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺎﻑ‬(Glass Fibers)
‫اﻟﺒﻮﻟﻤﯿﺮﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻮاد‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻘﻮﯾﺔ‬ ‫واﺳﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺰﺟﺎﺟﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻟﯿﺎف‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬.‫اﻷﻟﯿﺎف‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﯾﻤﻜﻦ‬
‫ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪة‬ ‫ﺣﺼﯿﺮة‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺰﺟﺎﺟﯿﺔ‬(Woven Roving)‫اﻟﺮاﺗﻨﺠﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺎدة‬ ‫طﻮل‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻮزﻋﺔ‬‫أو‬
‫ﻣﻘﻄﻌﺔ‬ ‫أﻟﯿﺎف‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬( Chopped Strand )‫زﺟﺎﺟﻲ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﯿﺞ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫ﻋﺸﻮاﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻮزع‬
(Glass Fabric )‫وأﺷﺮطﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﯿﻮط‬ ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫أو‬.‫ﺗﻤﺘﻠﻚ‬‫اﻟﺰﺟﺎﺟﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻟﯿﺎف‬‫اﻟﺼﻔﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺜﯿﺮ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻟﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﺪ‬ ‫وﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﯿﺪة‬ ‫ﻛﯿﻤﯿﺎﺋﯿﺔ‬ ‫وﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻟﯿﺔ‬ ‫إﻧﺼﮭﺎر‬ ‫ﻟﺪرﺟﺔ‬ ‫إﻣﺘﻼﻛﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻤﯿﺰة‬]10.[

18. ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺎﻧﺐ‬

19. ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬:‫اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺎﻧﺐ‬
8
1.2‫ﺍﳌ‬‫ﻮﺍﺩ‬‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ‬
ُ
‫ﺍﳌ‬
‫وھﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻤﺎذج‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻨﯿﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬ ‫واﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻮاد‬ ‫إﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ھﺬا‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬:
1-‫أﺳﺘﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻮﻟﻲ‬ ‫راﺗﻨﺞ‬‫اﻟﻤﺸﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﻏﯿﺮ‬(SIROPOL 8340-PI).
‫ﺑﯿﺮوﻛﺴﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺎدة‬ ‫ﺑﺈﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺮاﺗﺞ‬ ‫ھﺬا‬ ‫ُﺼﻠﺪ‬‫ﯾ‬‫ﻛﯿﺘﻮن‬ ‫أﺛﯿﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﯿﻞ‬(MEKP)‫ﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫إﻟﯿﮫ‬)2.(%
2-‫اﻟﺰﺟﺎج‬ ‫أﻟﯿﺎف‬(Glass Fibers).
‫ﻧﻮع‬ ‫اﻟﺰﺟﺎج‬ ‫أﻟﯿﺎف‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﺼﯿﺮة‬ ‫إﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬E-‫ﺔ‬‫ﻛﺜﺎﻓ‬ ‫ذات‬ ‫ﺎه‬‫اﻹﺗﺠ‬ ‫أﺣﺎدﯾﺔ‬(2.6g/cm3
).‫ﺪول‬‫اﻟﺠ‬
‫رﻗﻢ‬)2-1(‫ﯾﻮﺿﺢ‬‫ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎت‬‫أﻟﯿﺎف‬‫اﻟﺰﺟﺎج‬‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ‬‫و‬‫اﻟﻤﺌﻮﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﮭﺎ‬.
‫رﻗﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺪول‬)2-1(:‫ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎت‬‫أﻟﯿﺎ‬‫ف‬‫اﻟﺰﺟﺎج‬‫و‬‫اﻟﻤﺌﻮﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﮭﺎ‬
FeOTiO2CaO2MgONa2O & K2OB2O3Al2O3SiO2FeCompound
0-0.80-1.516-250-50-25-1012-1652-560.1Content %
2.2‫ﺍﻟﻨﻤﺎﺫﺝ‬ ‫ﲢﻀﲑ‬(Test Specimens Preparation)
‫ﺗﺤﻀﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﯿﺪوﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮﻟﺒﺔ‬ ‫إﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬‫اﻟﻨﻤﺎذج‬،‫ﺐ‬‫اﻟﻘﺎﻟ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺢ‬ ‫ﯾﺘﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻮﻟﻤﯿﺮﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺎدة‬ ‫وﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﯿﺚ‬
‫اﻟﺒﻮﻟﯿﻤﯿﺮﯾ‬ ‫ﺎدة‬ ‫اﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﺰع‬‫ﻧ‬ ‫ﻤﺎن‬‫ﻟﻀ‬ ‫ﺎﻧﺲ‬‫ﻣﺘﺠ‬ ‫ﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺸ‬ ‫ﻮل‬‫اﻟﻜﺤ‬ ‫ﻞ‬‫ﻓﻨﯿ‬ ‫ﻮﻟﻲ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺎدة‬‫ﺑﻤ‬‫ﺔ‬‫أو‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﺴ‬ ‫ﺪون‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻮاة‬‫اﻟﻤﻘ‬
‫ﺧﺪش‬.‫ﺎم‬‫ﺑﺎﻧﺘﻈ‬ ‫ﮫ‬‫ﺗﻮزﯾﻌ‬ ‫ﻤﺎن‬‫ﻟﻀ‬ ‫ﺎة‬‫ﺑﻔﺮﺷ‬ ‫وﺗﻨﺸﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫ﺳﻄﺢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺮاﺗﻨﺞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺿﻊ‬
‫ﻊ‬ ‫ﻧﻀ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﺛ‬ ‫ﺎف‬ ‫اﻷﻟﯿ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻰ‬ ‫اﻷوﻟ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺒﻘ‬ ‫ﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺿ‬ ‫ﺪھﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻌ‬‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺒﻘﯿ‬ ‫ﺬا‬ ‫وھﻜ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﯿﮭ‬ ‫ﺮاﺗﻨﺞ‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺮى‬ ‫أﺧ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﯿ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺘﻜﻮن‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺒﻘﺎت‬‫اﻟ‬‫ﻤﺎدة‬‫اﻟ‬‫ﻤﺮﻛﺒﺔ‬‫اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮب‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻤﻚ‬.
‫ﺗ‬‫و‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻤﺎذج‬ ‫ﻜﺒﺲ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﻧﮭﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺘﺼﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﺘﺮك‬‫ﻟﻤﺪة‬(24)‫ﺳﺎﻋﺔ‬‫ﻊ‬‫وﺗﻮﺿ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺮج‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪھﺎ‬ ،
‫ﺣﺮارﺗﮫ‬ ‫درﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺮن‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬(75ºC)‫ﻠﺐ‬‫اﻟﺘﺼ‬ ‫ﺎل‬‫ﻹﻛﻤ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻋﺘﯿﻦ‬ ‫وﻟﻤﺪة‬.‫ﻞ‬‫ﻛ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻊ‬‫ﻄ‬ِ‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﻼث‬‫ﺛ‬ ‫ﻨﯿﻊ‬‫ﺗﺼ‬ ‫ﻢ‬‫ﺗ‬
‫ﻧﻤﻮذج‬‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺢ‬‫ﻣﻮﺿ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫وﻛﻤ‬ ‫ﺎف‬‫ﺑﺎﻷﻟﯿ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﺘﻘﻮﯾ‬ ‫ﺒﺔ‬‫وﻧﺴ‬ ‫ﺮاﺗﻨﺞ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺒﺔ‬‫ﺑﻨﺴ‬ ‫ﻒ‬‫ﯾﺨﺘﻠ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫واﻟﺘ‬ ‫اﻹﺧﺘﺒﺎرات‬ ‫ﻟﺠﻤﯿﻊ‬
‫رﻗﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺪول‬)2-2. (

20. ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬:‫اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺎﻧﺐ‬
9
‫ﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﯿﺎﺳ‬ ‫ﻔﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻮاﺻ‬ ‫ﺐ‬ ‫ﺣﺴ‬ ‫ﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺼ‬ ‫ﺎر‬ ‫إﺧﺘﺒ‬ ‫ﺎذج‬ ‫ﻧﻤ‬ ‫ﻨﯿﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﺼ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﺗ‬(ASTM- E23)‫ﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻤﻼﺋﻤ‬
‫ﺎرﺑﻲ‬ ‫ﺷ‬ ‫ﻮع‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫ﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺼ‬ ‫ﺎز‬ ‫ﺟﮭ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺺ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻔﺤ‬(Charpy Impact).‫ﺎذج‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻤ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺰ‬ ‫اﻟﺤ‬ ‫ﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻤ‬
(0.5 mm)‫ﺰ‬‫اﻟﺤ‬ ‫ﺪة‬‫ﻗﺎﻋ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫ﻗﻄ‬ ‫ﻒ‬‫وﻧﺼ‬(0.25 mm)‫ﺰ‬‫ﺣ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫وﺑﺰاوﯾ‬)°45. (‫ﻢ‬‫رﻗ‬ ‫ﻜﻞ‬‫اﻟﺸ‬)2-1(
‫ﯾﻮﺿﺢ‬‫اﻟﺼﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫إﺧﺘﺒﺎر‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮذج‬.
‫رﻗﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺪول‬)2-2:(‫ﻧﻤﺎذج‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﯿﺐ‬‫اﻟﺼﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫إﺧﺘﺒﺎر‬
‫اﻟﻨﻤﻮذج‬ ‫رﻗﻢ‬)‫اﻟﻘﻄﻌﺔ‬(‫اﻟﺮاﺗﻨﺞ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ‬)‫وزﻧﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ‬(%‫اﻷﻟﯿﺎف‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ‬)‫وزﻧﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ‬(%
18020
26040
34060
42080
55 mm
5mm
10 mm
‫رﻗﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬)2-1: (‫ﻧﻤ‬‫اﻟﺼﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫إﺧﺘﺒﺎر‬ ‫ﻮذج‬

21. ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬:‫اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺎﻧﺐ‬
10
A
E
R 
3.2‫ﺍﻟﺼﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ‬(Impact Test)
‫ﺷﺎرﺑﻲ‬ ‫ﻧﻮع‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺤﺺ‬ ‫ﺟﮭﺎز‬ ‫ﺳﺘﺨﺪم‬ُ‫أ‬(Charpy Impact Instrument)‫ُف‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﻟﻠﺘﻌ‬
‫اﻟﺼﺪم‬ ‫ﻤﻞ‬ِ‫ﻟﺤ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺎدة‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺪى‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬.‫اﻟﺼﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫وﯾﻤﻜﻦ‬‫اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟﯿﺔ‬:
‫ﺣﯿﺚ‬:
R=‫اﻟﺼﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬(kj/m2
).
E=‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻐﻞ‬.
A=‫اﻹﺧﺘﺒﺎر‬ ‫ﻟﻨﻤﻮذج‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺮﺿﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﻄﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ‬(mm2
).

22. ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬

23. ‫اﻟ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬‫ﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬:‫واﻟﻤﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬
1.3‫ﺍﳌﻘ‬‫ـــــــــ‬‫ﺪﻣ‬‫ـــ‬‫ﺔ‬(Introduction)
‫ﺐ‬‫ﯾﺠ‬ ‫ﺚ‬‫ﺣﯿ‬ ، ‫ﻣﻮاد‬ ‫ھﻜﺬا‬ ‫إﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺒﯿﺮة‬ ‫أھﻤﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺎدة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﯿﻜﺎﻧﯿﻜﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻮاص‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺘﻠﻚ‬
‫ﻋﻤ‬ ‫ﺗﺆدي‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫وﻣﻘﺒﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻟﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻮاص‬ ‫ھﺬه‬ ‫ﻗﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫أن‬‫ﺎءة‬‫ﺑﻜﻔ‬ ‫ﻠﮭﺎ‬.‫ﺎرات‬‫اﻹﺧﺘﺒ‬ ‫ﺬه‬‫ھ‬ ‫ﻼل‬‫ﺧ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫وﻣ‬
‫ﻨﺞ‬ ‫راﺗ‬ ‫ﻰ‬‫ﻋﻠ‬ ‫ﺖ‬‫ﺟﺮﯾ‬ُ‫أ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫اﻟﺘ‬‫ﺒﻊ‬‫اﻟﻤﺸ‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﻏﯿ‬ ‫ﺘﺮ‬‫أﺳ‬ ‫ﻮﻟﻲ‬‫اﻟﺒ‬(SIROPOL 8340-PI)‫ﻮى‬‫اﻟﻤﻘ‬‫ﺑ‬‫ﺎف‬ ‫ﺄﻟﯿ‬
‫ﻧﻮع‬ ‫اﻟﺰﺟﺎج‬E-‫اﻹﺗﺠﺎه‬ ‫أﺣﺎدﯾﺔ‬‫واﻟ‬ ‫ﺎﻧﻲ‬‫اﻟﺒﯿ‬ ‫ﻂ‬‫اﻟﻤﺨﻄ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺤﺔ‬‫اﻟﻤﻮﺿ‬ ‫ﺎﺋﺞ‬‫اﻟﻨﺘ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺣﺼﻠﻨﺎ‬‫ﺬ‬‫ي‬‫ﯾ‬‫ﻞ‬‫ﻤﺜ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻷﻟﯿﺎف‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻘﻮﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﯿﻢ‬.
‫ﻜﻞ‬‫اﻟﺸ‬‫ﻢ‬‫رﻗ‬)3-1(‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫ﺗﻌﺘﺒ‬ ‫ﺚ‬‫ﺣﯿ‬ ، ‫ﺎف‬‫ﺑﺎﻷﻟﯿ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﺘﻘﻮﯾ‬ ‫ﺒﺔ‬‫ﻧﺴ‬ ‫ﻊ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺪﻣﺔ‬‫اﻟﺼ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣ‬ ‫ﯿﻢ‬‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﺢ‬‫ﯾﻮﺿ‬
‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﯿﻤ‬ ‫ﺰداد‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﺎف‬‫ﺑﺎﻷﻟﯿ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺗﻘﻮﯾﺘﮭ‬ ‫ﺪ‬‫ﺑﻌ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫وﻟﻜ‬ ‫ﺘﮭﺎ‬‫ﻟﮭﺸﺎﺷ‬ ً‫ا‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﻧﻈ‬ ‫ﺎت‬‫ﻟﻠﺮاﺗﻨﺠ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻣﻨﺨﻔﻀ‬ ‫ﺎم‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﻜﻞ‬‫ﺑﺸ‬ ‫ﺪﻣﺔ‬‫اﻟﺼ‬
‫ﺔ‬‫طﺎﻗ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫اﻷﻛﺒ‬ ‫ﺰء‬‫اﻟﺠ‬ ‫ﻞ‬‫ﺗﺘﺤﻤ‬ ‫ﻮف‬‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﺎف‬‫اﻷﻟﯿ‬ ‫ﻮن‬‫ﻛ‬ ‫ﻰ‬‫إﻟ‬ ‫ﻚ‬‫ذﻟ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺒﺐ‬ ‫وﯾﺮﺟﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻄﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺪم‬‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣ‬ ‫ﺬه‬‫ھ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ُﺤﺴ‬‫ﯾ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺎدة‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬.‫ﻊ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺪﻣﺔ‬‫اﻟﺼ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣ‬ ‫ﺰداد‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﺬا‬‫وھﻜ‬
‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻷﻟﯿﺎف‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻘﻮﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫زﯾﺎدة‬)40(%‫و‬)60. (%‫ﻰ‬‫إﻟ‬ ‫ﺎف‬‫اﻷﻟﯿ‬ ‫ﺒﺔ‬‫ﻧﺴ‬ ‫ﺎدة‬‫زﯾ‬ ‫ﺪ‬‫ﻋﻨ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫وﻟﻜ‬)80(%
‫ﺪﻋﻰ‬ ‫ﯾ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻮ‬‫وھ‬ ‫ﺎف‬‫اﻷﻟﯿ‬ ‫ﯿﻦ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻞ‬‫ﺗﺘﻐﻠﻐ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫اﻟﺘ‬ ‫ﺮاﺗﻨﺞ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻛﻤﯿ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻟﻘﻠ‬ ً‫ا‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﻧﻈ‬ ‫ﺪﻣﺔ‬‫اﻟﺼ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻗﯿﻤ‬ ‫ﻨﺨﻔﺾ‬‫ﺗ‬
‫اﻟﺘﺒ‬ ‫ﺑﻘﺎﺑﻠﯿﺔ‬‫ﻠﻞ‬(Wetability)‫اﻟﺼﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﻔﺾ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﯾﺆدي‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺎ‬[11].
‫رﻗﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬)3-1:(‫اﻟﺼﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬‫ﻟﺭﺍﺘﻨﺞ‬‫اﻟﻤﺸﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﻏﯿﺮ‬ ‫أﺳﺘﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻮﻟﻲ‬‫اﻟﻤﻘﻮى‬‫ﺑ‬‫ﺄﻟﯿﺎف‬‫اﻟﺰﺟﺎج‬
0 20 40 60 70

24. ‫اﻟ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬‫ﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬:‫واﻟﻤﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬
2.3‫ﺍﻹﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎﺟﺎﺕ‬)Conclusions(
‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻹﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎﺟﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﺨﺮوج‬ ‫ﯾﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﯿﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺼﻮل‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﺧﻼل‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬:
1-‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﯿﻜﺎﻧﯿﻜﯿ‬ ‫ﻮاص‬‫اﻟﺨ‬ ‫ﯿﻢ‬‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﺎض‬‫إﻧﺨﻔ‬‫ـﺭﺍﺘﻨﺞ‬‫ﻟـ‬‫ﺒﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺸ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫ﻏﯿ‬ ‫ﺘﺮ‬‫أﺳ‬ ‫ﻮﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺒ‬‫ﻮاد‬ ‫اﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﮫ‬ ‫ﻛﻮﻧ‬
‫اﻟﮭﺸﺔ‬.
2-‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﻤﯿﻜﺎﻧﯿﻜﯿ‬ ‫ﻮاص‬‫اﻟﺨ‬ ‫ھﺬه‬ ‫ﻗﯿﻢ‬ ‫ُﻦ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﺗﺤ‬‫ﻟﺭﺍﺘﻨﺞ‬‫ﺒﻊ‬‫اﻟﻤﺸ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫ﻏﯿ‬ ‫ﺘﺮ‬‫أﺳ‬ ‫ﻮﻟﻲ‬‫اﻟﺒ‬‫ﺎف‬‫ﺑﺄﻟﯿ‬ ‫ﮫ‬‫ﺗﻘﻮﯾﺘ‬ ‫ﺪ‬‫ﺑﻌ‬
‫أﺣﺎدﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺰﺟﺎج‬‫ﺎﻓﺔ‬‫اﻟﻤﻀ‬ ‫ﺎف‬‫اﻷﻟﯿ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫زﯾﺎدة‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﯿﻜﺎﻧﯿﻜﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻮاص‬ ‫ﻗﯿﻢ‬ ‫وﺗﺰداد‬ ، ‫اﻹﺗﺠﺎه‬
‫إﻟﯿﮫ‬.
3-‫ﻮل‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺻ‬ ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻨ‬ ‫ﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺼ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﯿﻤ‬ ‫ﺎض‬ ‫إﻧﺨﻔ‬‫ﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺴ‬ ‫ﻰ‬ ‫إﻟ‬)80(%ً‫ا‬‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻈ‬ ‫ﺎف‬ ‫اﻷﻟﯿ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﻣ‬
‫اﻟﺘﺒﻠﻞ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﻹﻧﺨﻔﺎض‬.
3.3‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﺎﺕ‬)Recommendations(
1-‫إﺟﺮاء‬‫ﺎدة‬‫اﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﻰ‬‫ﻋﻠ‬ ‫ﻼدة‬‫واﻟﺼ‬ ‫ﻐﺎط‬‫اﻹﻧﻀ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣ‬ ‫ﺎر‬‫إﺧﺘﺒ‬ ‫ﻞ‬‫ﻣﺜ‬ ‫ﺮى‬‫أﺧ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻣﯿﻜﺎﻧﯿﻜﯿ‬ ‫ﺎرات‬‫إﺧﺘﺒ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺔ‬.
2-‫وﺑ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫أﺳﺘﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻮﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﺮاﺗﻨﺞ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻮﺻﻠﯿﺔ‬ ‫إﺧﺘﺒﺎر‬ ‫إﺟﺮاء‬‫ﺑﺎﻷﻟﯿﺎف‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻘﻮﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻌﺪ‬.
3-‫ﺑﺄﻟﯿﺎف‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺸﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﻏﯿﺮ‬ ‫أﺳﺘﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻮﻟﻲ‬ ‫راﺗﻨﺞ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻮﯾﺔ‬‫ﯿﻔﻼر‬‫ﻛ‬ ‫وأﻟﯿﺎف‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺎرﺑﻮن‬‫ﺄﺛﯿﺮ‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ودراﺳ‬‫ﻚ‬‫ذﻟ‬
‫اﻟﻤﯿﻜﺎﻧﯿﻜﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻮاص‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬.

25. ‫ﺍﳌﺼ‬‫ــــــــــــ‬‫ﺎﺩﺭ‬

26. ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎدر‬
13
1- P. Vincenzini and M. Singh “Mechanical properties of araldite matrix
composites reinforced with hybrid carbon - kevlar fibers” , TransTech
Publications, 2006 .
2- Liyong Tong ,Adrian P.Mouritz ,Michael K.Bannister “3D Fiber
Reinforced Polymer Composites” , Journal of Al-Qadisiya for
Engineering Sciences , Vol 3 , No 1 ,pp.44 – 50 , 2010 .
3- P.K. Mallick “Fiber-reinforced composites: materials, manufacturing,
and design”, 3rd
Edition , CRC Press, Nov , 2007 .
4- Ali I.Al-Mosawi “Study of some mechanical properties for polymeric
composite material reinforced by fibers ” , Journal of Al-Qadisiya for
Engineering Sciences , Vol 2 , No 1 ,pp.14 – 24 , 2009 .
5- B.A.Azhdar “Impact Fracture Toughness of Fiber Reinforced Epoxy
Resin” ,M.SC Thesis ,U.O.T ,Iraq , 1992 .
6- Morom G. , Drukkler E. , Weinberg A. ,and Banbaji J. 1986 .Impact
behavior of Carbon / Kevlar Hybrid Composites , Composites , 17 (2),
150-153.
7- Ali I.Al-Mosawi et al “Difference fibers reinforcement percentage and
its effect on mechanical properties of thermosetting resins” , Al-
Qadisiya Journal For Engineering Science ,Special Issue, 2nd
Conference of Engineering College , Al-Qadisiya University ,19-20
October , 2009.

27. ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎدر‬
14
8- Ali I.Al-Mosawi “Study the effect of reinforcing fibers on some
mechanical properties of advanced composite materials” , Journal of
Al-Qadisiya for Engineering Sciences , Vol 3 , No 4 ,pp.163 – 169 ,
2010 .
9- Freedonia “Glass Fibers”, US Industry Forecasts to 2011 and 2016,
2007.
10 - E.P.DeGarmo, J.T. Black, and R.A. kohser “ Materials and
processes in Manufacturing ” , 10th
Edition , john Wiley & Sons ,
2008 .
11- Ali I.Al-Mosawi “Mechanical Properties of Plants - Synthetic
Hybrid Fibers Composites” , Research Journal of Engineering
Sciences , Vol. 1 ,No 3, pp.22-25, 2012.