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爬雪山
淡江大學行義團
雪山簡介
雪山主峰地區是世居在此的泰雅族⼈的獵區。在泰雅語中,
 雪山名為Babo-Hagai,意為「⽯頭山」,描述雪山頂到
 處堆積的砂岩塊,雪山在泰雅語中也稱「Sekoan,意為
 「碎⽯與裂縫」,漢語⾳譯為「雪翁山」,此稱可能就
 是雪山之名的來源。

1872年,⾺偕博⼠曾進⼊雪山山區活動;接著台灣進⼊⽇治
   時期,⼤正4年(1915年)7⽉10⽇,隸屬「蕃務本署」
   的測量員財津久平等⼈,經由卑亞南社(今南山村)越
   過卑亞南鞍部(今思源埡⼝),從雪山東峰稜線,完成
   雪山⾸登紀錄並量出⾼度為12972英尺,⽐⽇本本⼟最⾼
   峰富⼠山還⾼。

1923年,裕仁親王(後來的昭和天皇)訪問台灣,以「台灣
   最⾼峰、僅次於新⾼山的山」之意命名為次⾼山;與新
   ⾼山(⽟山)、能⾼山並稱「台灣三⾼」。
預定行程:雪東隊
•7/17 台北→宜蘭→武陵農場→
 雪山登山⼝→七卡山莊(宿)
•7/18 七卡山莊→哭坡→雪山東
 峰→369山莊→⿊森林→圈⾕→
 雪山主峰→369山莊(宿)
•7/19 369山莊→雪山東峰→哭坡
 →七卡山莊→登山⼝→台北
武陵農場
武陵小隊
雪山登山口
七卡山莊(2500)
哭坡
雪山東峰
(3150)
雪東停機坪
由雪東停機坪看雪山東峰
369山莊(3100)
369週邊設施




廁所       廚房
黑森林
圈谷
雪山主峰(3886)
如何活在高山上?


1.氧氣→愈⾼愈稀薄
2.⽔→⾼山上的⽔源不多⾒
3.熱量→⾸重效率
氧氣

1.有氧運動→增加肺活量
2.多喝⽔→增加⾎液中的涵氧量
水
身體流失水分的比例對身體的影響

0%   ⾝體的體溫及體能正常
1%   出現⼝渴的現象,體內調節體溫的⼯作持續進⾏,但體能開始下降
2%∼3%   ⾝體開始更進⼀步的調節體溫,⼝渴的狀況加劇,體能開始惡化
4%   體能減少20%~30%
5%   頭痛,情不穩定,頭暈⽬眩,⾝體疲勞
6%   ⾝體虛弱,體溫調節的功能嚴重的在流失
7%   ⾝體虛脫,活動能⼒停⽌
脫水
• 早期警訊
  疲勞、散熱壓迫、⼝渴、易怒、頭暈、尿
  ⿈、頭痛、失去團隊合作
• 中期警訊
  ⼼跳加快、⽪膚濕冷、虛弱與噁⼼、失去
  平衡、意識狀態改變
• 晚期警訊
  無法吞嚥、⾆頭浮腫、眼睛下陷、失去意
  識、精神錯亂
• 處置
  喝⽔!喝⽔!喝⽔!
  嚴重時需儘速送醫
如何喝水

1.運動前先喝⽔(500 c.c.)
2.⾏進間,每15分鐘喝30c.c.(約⼀
  ⼝⽔)
3.尿尿檢驗法
熱量


1.以碳⽔化合物為主→澱粉類飲⾷
2.避免⾼蛋⽩飲⾷→少⾷⾁
碳⽔化合物是⼈體能量來源之⼀,雖然在低強度的耐⼒運動是
以燃燒脂肪為主,⾼強度運動下碳⽔化合物的燃燒量才會⼤
增,但在低強度時,燃燒脂肪同時也會燃燒少量碳⽔化合物,
時間久了(⼤約⼆⼩時),體內的碳⽔化合物仍然會燒光,⽽
產⽣「撞牆」現象,⾎糖無法供應⾄腦部和神經系統,導致頭
昏、平衡失 調、⼤腦⽴即命令肌⾁停⽌運動。
碳⽔化合物在體內儲存的型態為肝醣,⼀定要確保體內肝醣存
量的滿載。
早餐:⿆⽚、巧克⼒粉、脫⽔⽶(煮粥)
午餐:起司⼟司(麵包)、巧克⼒、⼠⼒架、傳統⼤餅(新建成、郭全福)
晚餐:五⽊關東麵(⼀餐兩把)、鈕釦⾹菇(乾)、柴⿂⽚、乾海帶芽
調味料:辣椒粉、七味粉、匈⽛利紅椒粉、七⾥⾹、迷迭⾹、⽩胡椒粉、⿊
胡椒粉、鹽巴、⽼薑(帶⼀⼩段)、辣椒乾、沙茶醬(只要有沙茶醬就活的
下去)
蔬菜:⾼麗菜(1/4顆)、⼩⿈⽠(數根)
⽔果:建議帶果乾,迪化街、淡⽔⽼街、COSTCO有在賣。
⾁類:⽕腿、冷卻後的鹽酥雞、煎好的⾹腸、培根⽚
零⾷:m&m、葡萄乾、曼陀珠、花⽣⽶、堅果、蘋果麵包、仙⾙……
飲食總結
飲⾷調配以碳⽔化合物為主,並且飲⽤⼤量的
⽔,以確保體能可以正常的發揮。運動中應少
量、持續地攝取能量和飲⽔,讓運動能⼒不致
於忽然中斷。運動後⽴即攝取碳⽔化合物來補
充肝醣,並且在正餐中攝取均衡、多樣的飲
⾷,以幫助消除疲勞、恢復體⼒,確保⾝體健
康。
高山症(AMS)的表徵
• 頭痛(漲痛)
• ⼼神不安
• ⾷慾變差
• 噁⼼ 、嘔吐
• 體表浮腫
• 零星睡眠
• 發紺
• 運動失調
露易絲湖急性高山症指數
(Lake Louise AMS Score)
 • 符合以下三個所有的情況
   1.⾼度上升;2.頭痛;3.頭暈、失眠、噁⼼
   、嘔吐、虛弱等⼀個以上。

 • 符合以下兩個症狀
    1.⾼度上升;2.頭痛;3.頭暈、失眠、噁⼼
   、嘔吐、虛弱等5個症狀中⾄少3個。
高山肺水腫

有⾼山症的症狀
休息時呼吸淺快
疲勞
乾咳
⼼跳加速
呼吸有囉⾳
運動失調
高山腦水腫
• 頭痛
• 運動失調(步態不穩早期發⽣,表⽰⼩
  腦對缺氧通常較敏感)
• ⾼山症症狀
• ⾏為異常
• 判斷⼒減低
• 意識狀態改變
• 昏迷
• 幻覺
• 噁⼼ 、嘔吐
• 單側肢體無⼒
• 發紺
• 少發⽣於3,000公尺以下的⾼度。
• 最重要因素:快速上升
高山症的處置與預防
 •下降!下降!下降!
 •PAC(Portable Altitude
  Chamber )
 •⾼壓艙
 •氧氣治療
 •⾼度適應
 •慢慢⾛!

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