1. The document discusses the formation of folds, faults, and unconformities in the Earth's crust due to tectonic plate movements over millions of years. 2. Volcanic eruptions from volcanoes along plate boundaries can produce ashfall that preserves evidence of ancient disasters like Pompeii. 3. Different types of mass wasting processes move soil and rock down slopes, including creep, mudflows, landslides, and debris flows.