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ロバストモーメント法による
超母数推定の
語彙出現率への応用
クロスロケーションズ株式会社
中野智文
語彙の出現率の推定
総語数nの文書にてある語彙がx回出現するするなら、最尤
推定を使った出現率mMLは
各文書毎の総語数nとtheの出現数xの関係
theの出現率mMLのヒストグラム(文書数)
出現率
文書数
ベータ分布(α=9.29, β=122.10)を重ねた
出現率
文書数
共役事前分布を使った最大事後確率推定
二項分におけるベータ分布は共役事前分布とよばれ、ベータ
分布の超母数(α, β)を用いると、最大事後確率mMAP
が求まる。
各文書の総語数が小さくても、頻度が著しく小さくても推定
のばらつきが抑えられる。(例えばxが現れないほどnも小
さいときでも)
この方法に必要なのは超母数(ハイパーパラメータ)
超母数をどう求める
● データから超母数を求める方法を経験ベイズとか第二種
の最尤推定とよばれる
● 多くは繰り返しアルゴリズムを使っていてちょっと複雑
昨年の研究
● 超母数を推定する複数の簡易手法の比較
● 人工データを使った検証
○ 正解となるα, βから復元できるか
● 提案したロバストモーメント法が良かった
昨年の研究の紹介
もとの事前分布に非常に近い結果に
実線:真のベータ分布
棒線:観測されたヒストグラム
(人工データ)
点線:モーメント法による推定
破線:重み付きモーメント法
◆線:ロバストモーメント法
ロバストモーメント法の概要
本研究の目的
● 先に提案したロバストモーメント法による超母数(共役
事前分布の母数)推定を語彙出現率に応用する。
1位theの推定結果
100位exampleの推定結果
1000位sensitivityの推定結果
10000位counteractingの推定結果
課題と解決策
課題
● 低頻度の語彙になるとデータの出現がまばらとなり、推
定誤差が大きい(ヒストグラムと一致しない)
解決策
● Good-Turing推定では語彙単体ではなく、語彙の頻度でグ
ループ化を行った
→全文書の語彙の頻度でグループ化する
頻度1
頻度2
頻度3
頻度4
頻度5
まとめ
● ロバストモーメント法による超母数(共役事前分布の母
数)推定を語彙出現率に応用した。
● 低頻度の語彙に対応するため、語彙毎の推定ではなく全
文書の頻度によるグループ化を行い推定を行った。
○ ただしtypeで割り戻す必要がある
QA
● Q:Typeの反映はどのようにするのか(前田先生)
○ A:検討中(中野)
● Q:超母数の推定の精度の検証方法は?(前田先生)
○ A: CVにて cross entoropy (語彙数によるお重み付
き)を計算する。今回の語彙に関してはしていない。
● Q: Excelでの計算は?(石川有香先生)
○ A: 後日作ります(中野)

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ロバストモーメント法による超母数推定の語彙出現率への応用