This document defines and provides examples of different types of sound that can be used in films, including diegetic sound that comes from within a scene, non-diegetic sound added in post-production like music or sound effects, and musical techniques like crescendo where volume builds, diminuendo where volume decreases, and sforzando where a loud sharp noise is used for emphasis or shock.

1. SOUND

2. Diegetic sound
• The sound that comes from in the scene
• E.g. talking, noise of cars, the wind, music
from the radio etc
• Example from jaws the music on the beach
from the guitar along with the sounds of
waves etc until the shark attack happens and
the diegetic sound changes.

3. Non-diegetic sound
• The sound put on a film during post-production
• E.g.
• Music soundtrack
• Sound effects like a crescendo
• Example from psycho when the woman is
being attacked the only sound is the sharp
screeching tune from a violin.

4. Crescendo
• Build up of sound of music to imply something is about to happen
• Example from the godfather when the sound is diegetic to start
with as the train gradually gets closer creating tension right before
Michael shoots the two men.
Diminuendo
• Where the music or sound dies down, as if a threat has gone away
• Example from CSI strip strangler as the camera goes through the
woman's house as if someone or something is watching her. The
music dies back down once the camera gets to her room as if
nothing is there.

5. Sforzando
• A short, sharp, loud noise, often used to
emphasise a shock of fear.
• Example from paranormal activity is when the
camera is on the bed and suddenly the door
slams shut and the noise of a loud bang
emphasise.