Neuro inflammation plays a pivotal role in the regulation of aging, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), Huntington’s disease (HD), multiple sclerosis (MS), stroke, depression, dementia, and metabolic anomalies such as hypertension and diabetes. Neuro inflammation is also the pathogenic hallmark of the aging-related neurodegenerative conditions. Therefore, anti-inflammatory strategies and analysis could be efficient prophylactic and therapeutic management strategies for the number of central nervous system (CNS) disorders. CNS disorders may develop owing to the chronic microglial activation. Glial cells, specifically microglia, are immune cells in the CNS that are responsible for the maintenance of normal homeostasis as well as the repair after injury in the brain.

1. Significance of Sprouted Broccoli
BY Dr. SREEREMYA.S
FACULTY OF BIOLOGY

2. • Neuro inflammation plays a pivotal role in the regulation of aging,
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), Huntington’s
disease (HD), multiple sclerosis (MS), stroke, depression, dementia,
and metabolic anomalies such as hypertension and diabetes. Neuro
inflammation is also the pathogenic hallmark of the aging-related
neurodegenerative conditions. Therefore, anti-inflammatory
strategies and analysis could be efficient prophylactic and
therapeutic management strategies for the number of central
nervous system (CNS) disorders. CNS disorders may develop owing
to the chronic microglial activation. Glial cells, specifically microglia,
are immune cells in the CNS that are responsible for the
maintenance of normal homeostasis as well as the repair after
injury in the brain.

3. • These neurotoxic substances trigger the oxidative stress and are
mainly responsible for the disruption of the architecture and
functions of neurons, consequently leading to synaptic
degeneration and neurodegeneration. These neuro inflammatory
and neurotoxic cascades are typically responsible for the
hippocampal neuronal damage leading to cognitive dysfunction
(Fimognari et al., 2007). Inhibition of the neuro inflammation or
activation of the endogenous antioxidant system might be mainly
better alternative for the repairment of this damage. Specifically,
activation of the Nrf2 and its mediated antioxidant enzyme, HO-1,
can not only inhibit the inflammatory cascades but also aggrandize
the neuronal survival and hippocampal neurogenesis. Extensive
neuropharmacology research and investigations has succeeded in
finding novel drug candidates for the treatment of CNS disorders
(Minarini et al., 2014).

4. • However, they have failed to prove their efficacy in human biological systems
during clinical trials. Potential reasons for these failures were suggested to be
differences in tissue physiology of the CNS, unstable pharmacokinetics, or difficulty
in crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Given the lack of proper allopathic
medications to treat neuro inflammatory disorders, there is a growing interest in
complementary and alternative medication, including nutraceuticals. Consumption
of dietary nutraceuticals with neuroprotection could prevent CNS diseases,
overcoming the limitations of allopathic drug delivery to the CNS (Wu et al., 2009).
• Previous reports about the investigations highlight the beneficial effects of the
broccoli and its active compound, sulforaphane, in neurodegenerative disorders.
Although broccoli has the mild effect against age-rakished neuro inflammation, it
does not show a key effect against lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced
inflammatory conditions (Jackson et al., 2003). Another independent study has
revealed that sulforaphane can typically reverse the hyper ammonemia-induced
glial activation, neuro inflammation, and disturbances in the neurotransmitter
receptors in the hippocampus that mainly impaired the spatial learning. The anti-
inflammatory effect of sulforaphane has also been previously reported in rat
primary microglia. These previous investigations suggest that bioconversion of
glucoraphanin in the broccoli may increase the yield of sulforaphane

5. • It could pave to better health benefits for patients with
neuroinflammatory disorders. Either the induction of
myrosin synthesis or the increase in myrosinase activity can
increase the bioconversion of glucoraphanin into
sulforaphane. The presence of some other proteins, such as
the epithiospecifier protein (ESP), can also convert
glucoraphanin to sulforaphane nitrile, without affecting the
sulforaphane’s anti-inflammatory effects. An increase in
myrosinase activity with reduced ESP activity can
selectively copioussulforaphane yield in the broccoli sprout,
making it a better candidate for the treatment of multiple
pathological conditions, including cancer, inflammation,
neurodegeneration, and aging(Pham et al.,2004).

6. • Pharmacokinetic studies have mainly revealed that, in mice, sulforaphane has
good absorption and distribution patterns, in various tissues of the body,
encompassing the brain, lungs, heart, liver, kidneys, and muscles, after oral
administration. Previous investigations suggest that sulforaphane and its
metabolites do not readily cross the BBB . However, the disruption of the BBB
specifically during neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative conditions allows
sulforaphane to permeate the BBB and enhances its anti-inflammatory effects
along the brain axis (Turrini et al., 2014).
• Former analyses have revealed that the activation of myrosinase in steamed
broccoli sprouts can copious the yield of sulforaphane. Similarly, pulsed electric
field (PEF) pretreatment enhances the synthesis of glucosinolate in the broccoli
flower and stalk. It also aggendize anthocyanin’s production in red cabbage. Thus,
the researchers postulated that PEF might also be effective in enhancing the
production of sulforaphane in broccoli sprouts (Tarozzi et al., 2009).
• In the present study, we are to reveal whether PEF treatment can increase the
sulforaphane yield in broccoli sprouts or not.

7. • Journal of Midwifery, Women's Health and
Nutrition, Significance of Sprouted Broccoli ,
Dr.S.Sreeremya ,2019.Vol 1(2):1-15.