SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 36
CHEMICAL ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY
SUPERVISED BY MR. ABDULSALAM DANESHVAR
• AHMED TAHA HASAN
• ADAM OMAR
• AHMED HAMIDADEEN
• SOZ KHALID
UNIVERSITY OF ZAKHO
DEPARTMENT OF PETROLEUM ENGINEERING
CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTION.
 POLYMER FLOODING.
 SURFACTANT FLOODING.
 ALKALINE FLOODING.
 ALKALINE-SURFACTANT-POLYMER (ASP) FLOODING.
M =
Introduction
• There are FOUR common types of chemical EOR methods namely:
1. Polymer Flooding.
2. Surfactant Flooding.
3. Alkaline Flooding.
4. Alkaline-Surfactant-Polymer (ASP) Flooding.
• To understand each method of chemical EOR, Advantages, disadvantages,
Injection process of chemicals into the formations and suitable conditions to
be applied have to be considered.
• To do chemical flooding in EOR, new wells have to be drilled for injection.
Polymer Flooding
Mechanism
Injecting of chemical materials into the reservoir (polymer) in order to stop or
reduce water production by increasing its viscosity and there for reduce the
mobility ratio and enhance oil production.
• The description of the process is to inject polymer into the
formation, followed by water injection for the purpose of sweep
efficiency where it acts like a piston, polymer has the ability to
create oil bank to increase oil recovery.
• Polymer injection to control mobility ratio, water injection to
improve the sweep efficiency.
• If water is only injected and due to reservoir
heterogeneity, the swept area will be less and but by
adding polymer the mobility is controlled.
Advantages
• Reducing water production by increasing its viscosity.
• Mobility control and flow pattern control.
• Sweep efficiency improvement.
• Lower cost compared with other chemical EOR methods.
• Recovery factor RF increases.
Disadvantages
• High water salinity (if it is more than 100,000 ppm) it changes
and reacts with the polymer composition leads to adsorption.
• Fracture presence leads to loosing of polymers into the
adjacent formations.
• Presence of clays and strong aquifer results in polymer
adsorption.
Surfactant Flooding
Mechanism
• It stands for Surface active agents.
• It is the injection of surfactant into the formation
targeting the surface between oil-water to break the
attractive forces between them (IFT) by producing
soaps at the contact reducing residual oil saturation in
addition to wettability change from oil wet to water
wet, followed by polymer injection to enhance the
sweep efficiency and control the mobility as well as to
stabilize the flow pattern.
Usually Co-solvents such as alcohol (low molecular weight)
are injected with surfactant:
• In many surfactant systems high viscosity liquid
crystals, emulsions and gels are observed alcohol is
used to break it.
• The optimum salinity can be adjusted by alcohol.
• Alcohol can eliminate the polymer-surfactant
incompatibility.
Advantages
• Reduce IFT and work as emulsifier between oil and
water.
• Sor reduction to a very minimum value, which
immediately leads to increase in the recovery factor.
• Wettability change from oil to water wet.
• Trapped (bypassed) oil is produced.
• Injection of polymer leads to pattern flow stabilization
and mobility control.
Disadvantages
• Complex process.
• Expensive compared to alkaline and polymer.
• Incompatibility between surfactant-polymer in case of
no co-solvent is used.
• Degradation of surfactant and polymer in case of high
reservoir temperature.
• Strong aquifer leads to both surfactant and polymer
adsorption.
Conditions to be Applied
• High remaining oil (Sor).
• Relatively homogeneous formation with no fractures is
preferred.
• High WOR but not excessive < 10.
• Low reservoir temperature to avoid surfactant
degradation.
• Weak to moderate aquifer strength to avoid surfactant
adsorption in the formation during the flooding
process.
Alkaline Flooding
Mechanism
• Alkaline or caustic flooding is another method by which
oil displacement efficiency can be improved.
• The basic alkaline flooding process starts with injection
of alkaline solution of about 10 to 30 percent PV pore
volume.
• Then followed by injection of a polymer slug behind the
alkaline solution to control mobility.
• lastly followed by water injection to improve sweep
efficiency.
• The reaction between alkaline and formation oil results
in soaps production at the contact between oil-water
phases, there for IFT is reduced as well as Sor by
producing more trapped oil all of that happens due to
in-situ production of surfactant.
• Alkaline flooding is used in case of high acidity oil.
Advantages
• IFT reduction by producing soaps at the contact
between oil and water where oil contains high amount
of acids.
• Sor reduction due to more oil production and RF
increases.
• Mobility reduction, sweep efficiency enhancement and
pattern flow control due to using of polymer injection
behind alkaline flooding.
• Simple and cheap EOR method.
• Wettability change from oil to water wet due to the in-
situ production of surfactant.
Disadvantages
• Low recovery factor compared to other chemical EOR
methods.
• Degradation of alkaline in case of high reservoir
temperature.
• Alkaline adsorption in case of strong water aquifer.
Conditions to be Applied
• High acid content in oil reservoir.
• High remaining oil Sor.
• Low clay content.
• Low reservoir temperature to avoid alkaline
degradation.
• Weak to moderate aquifer strength to avoid alkaline
adsorption.
ASP Flooding
Mechanism
• ASP stands for Alkaline-Surfactant-Polymer flooding.
• it is the injection of a mixture contains the three
chemical EOR methods.
• The mixing process is usually prepared at the surface in
addition to adding water to the mixture, then it is
injected into the reservoir in order to enhance the oil
production and increase the recovery factor.
• Alkaline is used to reduce IFT by producing soaps at
the contact between oil-water phases, then followed
by surfactant flooding which is used to reduce Sor as
well as change the wettability from oil to water wet,
polymer is used to control the flow patterns in case of
reservoir heterogeneity is existed and water is used to
improve the sweep efficiency.
Advantages
• High recovery factor since all of alkaline, surfactant
and polymer are used.
• Wettability change from oil to water wet.
• Reduce Sor to the minimum values.
• Improve the sweep efficiency by injecting polymer.
• Less adsorption in ASP process.
Disadvantages
• Incompatibility between polymer, alkaline and
surfactant in case of the unstable mixture.
• Very high cost compared to other EOR methods due to
use ASP then polymer an lastly water injection.
• Complex process, surface preparation problem and
mixture stability.
Conditions to be Applied
• High values of remaining oil volume Sor.
• Weak to moderate aquifer strength.
• Low reservoir temperature.
• Light to intermediate oil is favorable.
• Low clay content to avoid chemical adsorption.
 The total acid number (TAN) is a measurement of
acidity that is determined by the amount of
potassium hydroxide KOH in milligrams that is
needed to neutralize the acids in one gram of oil
 It is an important quality measurement of crude oil.
 It is usually the naphthenic acids in the crude oil that
causes corrosion problems.
 The values of TAN is still not acidity oil unless it
reaches 3-4 mg KOH/g of oil.
Total Acid Number
Share 'Chemical EOR (1).ppt'.ppt

More Related Content

Similar to Share 'Chemical EOR (1).ppt'.ppt

Demulsifiers-Specialty oilfield chemicals
Demulsifiers-Specialty oilfield chemicalsDemulsifiers-Specialty oilfield chemicals
Demulsifiers-Specialty oilfield chemicalsChandran Udumbasseri
 
Emulsion 8th industry Lecture pharmacy.pptx
Emulsion 8th industry Lecture pharmacy.pptxEmulsion 8th industry Lecture pharmacy.pptx
Emulsion 8th industry Lecture pharmacy.pptxBeee7
 
Group presentation on Reverse Osmosis and Nanofiltration
Group presentation on Reverse Osmosis and NanofiltrationGroup presentation on Reverse Osmosis and Nanofiltration
Group presentation on Reverse Osmosis and Nanofiltrationzaman_866
 
Emulsions Dr.pptx
Emulsions Dr.pptxEmulsions Dr.pptx
Emulsions Dr.pptxDr. Samia
 
waterflooding (www.mpetro.ir)
waterflooding (www.mpetro.ir)waterflooding (www.mpetro.ir)
waterflooding (www.mpetro.ir)mpetroleum
 
Determination of efficient recovery methods based on nature new....
Determination of efficient recovery methods based on nature new....Determination of efficient recovery methods based on nature new....
Determination of efficient recovery methods based on nature new....GOWTHAM RAJAGOPAL
 
emulsions Dr Samia.pdf
emulsions Dr Samia.pdfemulsions Dr Samia.pdf
emulsions Dr Samia.pdfDr. Samia
 
ROLLING OIL EMULSION MANAGEMENT
ROLLING OIL EMULSION MANAGEMENTROLLING OIL EMULSION MANAGEMENT
ROLLING OIL EMULSION MANAGEMENTEJAJ AHMAD
 
Wax dispersant Wax crystal modifier &; Wax dissolver.
Wax dispersant Wax crystal modifier &; Wax dissolver.Wax dispersant Wax crystal modifier &; Wax dissolver.
Wax dispersant Wax crystal modifier &; Wax dissolver.Chandran Udumbasseri
 
basics of ionic liquids and emulsions
basics of ionic liquids and emulsionsbasics of ionic liquids and emulsions
basics of ionic liquids and emulsionsVikram Kataria
 
solubility and solubilization
 solubility and solubilization solubility and solubilization
solubility and solubilizationsindhu kondaveti
 
Quality parameters and analysis of rheology modifier
Quality parameters and analysis of rheology modifierQuality parameters and analysis of rheology modifier
Quality parameters and analysis of rheology modifierDPSRU,NEW DELHI
 
Aphron and synthetic muds
Aphron and synthetic mudsAphron and synthetic muds
Aphron and synthetic mudsHamza Mukhtar
 

Similar to Share 'Chemical EOR (1).ppt'.ppt (20)

Demulsifiers-Specialty oilfield chemicals
Demulsifiers-Specialty oilfield chemicalsDemulsifiers-Specialty oilfield chemicals
Demulsifiers-Specialty oilfield chemicals
 
Emulsion 8th industry Lecture pharmacy.pptx
Emulsion 8th industry Lecture pharmacy.pptxEmulsion 8th industry Lecture pharmacy.pptx
Emulsion 8th industry Lecture pharmacy.pptx
 
Group presentation on Reverse Osmosis and Nanofiltration
Group presentation on Reverse Osmosis and NanofiltrationGroup presentation on Reverse Osmosis and Nanofiltration
Group presentation on Reverse Osmosis and Nanofiltration
 
Emulsions Dr.pptx
Emulsions Dr.pptxEmulsions Dr.pptx
Emulsions Dr.pptx
 
Chemical EOR.pdf
Chemical EOR.pdfChemical EOR.pdf
Chemical EOR.pdf
 
Polymerization techniques
Polymerization techniquesPolymerization techniques
Polymerization techniques
 
EOR Methods
EOR MethodsEOR Methods
EOR Methods
 
waterflooding (www.mpetro.ir)
waterflooding (www.mpetro.ir)waterflooding (www.mpetro.ir)
waterflooding (www.mpetro.ir)
 
Determination of efficient recovery methods based on nature new....
Determination of efficient recovery methods based on nature new....Determination of efficient recovery methods based on nature new....
Determination of efficient recovery methods based on nature new....
 
Liposomes- overview
Liposomes- overview Liposomes- overview
Liposomes- overview
 
Eor methods
Eor methodsEor methods
Eor methods
 
emulsions Dr Samia.pdf
emulsions Dr Samia.pdfemulsions Dr Samia.pdf
emulsions Dr Samia.pdf
 
ROLLING OIL EMULSION MANAGEMENT
ROLLING OIL EMULSION MANAGEMENTROLLING OIL EMULSION MANAGEMENT
ROLLING OIL EMULSION MANAGEMENT
 
Wax dispersant Wax crystal modifier &; Wax dissolver.
Wax dispersant Wax crystal modifier &; Wax dissolver.Wax dispersant Wax crystal modifier &; Wax dissolver.
Wax dispersant Wax crystal modifier &; Wax dissolver.
 
basics of ionic liquids and emulsions
basics of ionic liquids and emulsionsbasics of ionic liquids and emulsions
basics of ionic liquids and emulsions
 
solubility and solubilization
 solubility and solubilization solubility and solubilization
solubility and solubilization
 
Surfactants.pptx
Surfactants.pptxSurfactants.pptx
Surfactants.pptx
 
Quality parameters and analysis of rheology modifier
Quality parameters and analysis of rheology modifierQuality parameters and analysis of rheology modifier
Quality parameters and analysis of rheology modifier
 
Tratamiento de agua y crudo
Tratamiento de agua y crudoTratamiento de agua y crudo
Tratamiento de agua y crudo
 
Aphron and synthetic muds
Aphron and synthetic mudsAphron and synthetic muds
Aphron and synthetic muds
 

More from ssuserd9c0ee1

More from ssuserd9c0ee1 (8)

1- introduction to EOR.pptx
1- introduction to EOR.pptx1- introduction to EOR.pptx
1- introduction to EOR.pptx
 
week5.ppt
week5.pptweek5.ppt
week5.ppt
 
Share 'Chemical EOR (1).ppt'.ppt
Share 'Chemical EOR (1).ppt'.pptShare 'Chemical EOR (1).ppt'.ppt
Share 'Chemical EOR (1).ppt'.ppt
 
awq.pdf
awq.pdfawq.pdf
awq.pdf
 
aw.pdf
aw.pdfaw.pdf
aw.pdf
 
asa.pdf
asa.pdfasa.pdf
asa.pdf
 
are.pdf
are.pdfare.pdf
are.pdf
 
12_2022_03_13!08_25_53_PM.ppt
12_2022_03_13!08_25_53_PM.ppt12_2022_03_13!08_25_53_PM.ppt
12_2022_03_13!08_25_53_PM.ppt
 

Recently uploaded

Russian Call Girls Kolkata Chhaya 🤌 8250192130 🚀 Vip Call Girls Kolkata
Russian Call Girls Kolkata Chhaya 🤌  8250192130 🚀 Vip Call Girls KolkataRussian Call Girls Kolkata Chhaya 🤌  8250192130 🚀 Vip Call Girls Kolkata
Russian Call Girls Kolkata Chhaya 🤌 8250192130 🚀 Vip Call Girls Kolkataanamikaraghav4
 
Top Rated Pune Call Girls Shirwal ⟟ 6297143586 ⟟ Call Me For Genuine Sex Ser...
Top Rated  Pune Call Girls Shirwal ⟟ 6297143586 ⟟ Call Me For Genuine Sex Ser...Top Rated  Pune Call Girls Shirwal ⟟ 6297143586 ⟟ Call Me For Genuine Sex Ser...
Top Rated Pune Call Girls Shirwal ⟟ 6297143586 ⟟ Call Me For Genuine Sex Ser...Call Girls in Nagpur High Profile
 
Gaya Call Girls #9907093804 Contact Number Escorts Service Gaya
Gaya Call Girls #9907093804 Contact Number Escorts Service GayaGaya Call Girls #9907093804 Contact Number Escorts Service Gaya
Gaya Call Girls #9907093804 Contact Number Escorts Service Gayasrsj9000
 
Call Girls Dubai Slut Wife O525547819 Call Girls Dubai Gaped
Call Girls Dubai Slut Wife O525547819 Call Girls Dubai GapedCall Girls Dubai Slut Wife O525547819 Call Girls Dubai Gaped
Call Girls Dubai Slut Wife O525547819 Call Girls Dubai Gapedkojalkojal131
 
Call Girls in Nagpur Sakshi Call 7001035870 Meet With Nagpur Escorts
Call Girls in Nagpur Sakshi Call 7001035870 Meet With Nagpur EscortsCall Girls in Nagpur Sakshi Call 7001035870 Meet With Nagpur Escorts
Call Girls in Nagpur Sakshi Call 7001035870 Meet With Nagpur EscortsCall Girls in Nagpur High Profile
 
Book Sex Workers Available Pune Call Girls Yerwada 6297143586 Call Hot India...
Book Sex Workers Available Pune Call Girls Yerwada  6297143586 Call Hot India...Book Sex Workers Available Pune Call Girls Yerwada  6297143586 Call Hot India...
Book Sex Workers Available Pune Call Girls Yerwada 6297143586 Call Hot India...Call Girls in Nagpur High Profile
 
(ANIKA) Wanwadi Call Girls Just Call 7001035870 [ Cash on Delivery ] Pune Esc...
(ANIKA) Wanwadi Call Girls Just Call 7001035870 [ Cash on Delivery ] Pune Esc...(ANIKA) Wanwadi Call Girls Just Call 7001035870 [ Cash on Delivery ] Pune Esc...
(ANIKA) Wanwadi Call Girls Just Call 7001035870 [ Cash on Delivery ] Pune Esc...ranjana rawat
 
《伯明翰城市大学毕业证成绩单购买》学历证书学位证书区别《复刻原版1:1伯明翰城市大学毕业证书|修改BCU成绩单PDF版》Q微信741003700《BCU学...
《伯明翰城市大学毕业证成绩单购买》学历证书学位证书区别《复刻原版1:1伯明翰城市大学毕业证书|修改BCU成绩单PDF版》Q微信741003700《BCU学...《伯明翰城市大学毕业证成绩单购买》学历证书学位证书区别《复刻原版1:1伯明翰城市大学毕业证书|修改BCU成绩单PDF版》Q微信741003700《BCU学...
《伯明翰城市大学毕业证成绩单购买》学历证书学位证书区别《复刻原版1:1伯明翰城市大学毕业证书|修改BCU成绩单PDF版》Q微信741003700《BCU学...ur8mqw8e
 
VIP Call Girl Saharanpur Aashi 8250192130 Independent Escort Service Saharanpur
VIP Call Girl Saharanpur Aashi 8250192130 Independent Escort Service SaharanpurVIP Call Girl Saharanpur Aashi 8250192130 Independent Escort Service Saharanpur
VIP Call Girl Saharanpur Aashi 8250192130 Independent Escort Service SaharanpurSuhani Kapoor
 
哪里办理美国宾夕法尼亚州立大学毕业证(本硕)psu成绩单原版一模一样
哪里办理美国宾夕法尼亚州立大学毕业证(本硕)psu成绩单原版一模一样哪里办理美国宾夕法尼亚州立大学毕业证(本硕)psu成绩单原版一模一样
哪里办理美国宾夕法尼亚州立大学毕业证(本硕)psu成绩单原版一模一样qaffana
 
(ZARA) Call Girls Jejuri ( 7001035870 ) HI-Fi Pune Escorts Service
(ZARA) Call Girls Jejuri ( 7001035870 ) HI-Fi Pune Escorts Service(ZARA) Call Girls Jejuri ( 7001035870 ) HI-Fi Pune Escorts Service
(ZARA) Call Girls Jejuri ( 7001035870 ) HI-Fi Pune Escorts Serviceranjana rawat
 
Slim Call Girls Service Badshah Nagar * 9548273370 Naughty Call Girls Service...
Slim Call Girls Service Badshah Nagar * 9548273370 Naughty Call Girls Service...Slim Call Girls Service Badshah Nagar * 9548273370 Naughty Call Girls Service...
Slim Call Girls Service Badshah Nagar * 9548273370 Naughty Call Girls Service...nagunakhan
 
定制加拿大滑铁卢大学毕业证(Waterloo毕业证书)成绩单(文凭)原版一比一
定制加拿大滑铁卢大学毕业证(Waterloo毕业证书)成绩单(文凭)原版一比一定制加拿大滑铁卢大学毕业证(Waterloo毕业证书)成绩单(文凭)原版一比一
定制加拿大滑铁卢大学毕业证(Waterloo毕业证书)成绩单(文凭)原版一比一zul5vf0pq
 
Call Girls Delhi {Rs-10000 Laxmi Nagar] 9711199012 Whats Up Number
Call Girls Delhi {Rs-10000 Laxmi Nagar] 9711199012 Whats Up NumberCall Girls Delhi {Rs-10000 Laxmi Nagar] 9711199012 Whats Up Number
Call Girls Delhi {Rs-10000 Laxmi Nagar] 9711199012 Whats Up NumberMs Riya
 
定制宾州州立大学毕业证(PSU毕业证) 成绩单留信学历认证原版一比一
定制宾州州立大学毕业证(PSU毕业证) 成绩单留信学历认证原版一比一定制宾州州立大学毕业证(PSU毕业证) 成绩单留信学历认证原版一比一
定制宾州州立大学毕业证(PSU毕业证) 成绩单留信学历认证原版一比一ga6c6bdl
 
Call Girls in Thane 9892124323, Vashi cAll girls Serivces Juhu Escorts, powai...
Call Girls in Thane 9892124323, Vashi cAll girls Serivces Juhu Escorts, powai...Call Girls in Thane 9892124323, Vashi cAll girls Serivces Juhu Escorts, powai...
Call Girls in Thane 9892124323, Vashi cAll girls Serivces Juhu Escorts, powai...Pooja Nehwal
 
Call Girls In Andheri East Call 9892124323 Book Hot And Sexy Girls,
Call Girls In Andheri East Call 9892124323 Book Hot And Sexy Girls,Call Girls In Andheri East Call 9892124323 Book Hot And Sexy Girls,
Call Girls In Andheri East Call 9892124323 Book Hot And Sexy Girls,Pooja Nehwal
 
Russian Escorts in lucknow 💗 9719455033 💥 Lovely Lasses: Radiant Beauties Shi...
Russian Escorts in lucknow 💗 9719455033 💥 Lovely Lasses: Radiant Beauties Shi...Russian Escorts in lucknow 💗 9719455033 💥 Lovely Lasses: Radiant Beauties Shi...
Russian Escorts in lucknow 💗 9719455033 💥 Lovely Lasses: Radiant Beauties Shi...nagunakhan
 
FULL ENJOY - 8264348440 Call Girls in Hauz Khas | Delhi
FULL ENJOY - 8264348440 Call Girls in Hauz Khas | DelhiFULL ENJOY - 8264348440 Call Girls in Hauz Khas | Delhi
FULL ENJOY - 8264348440 Call Girls in Hauz Khas | Delhisoniya singh
 

Recently uploaded (20)

Russian Call Girls Kolkata Chhaya 🤌 8250192130 🚀 Vip Call Girls Kolkata
Russian Call Girls Kolkata Chhaya 🤌  8250192130 🚀 Vip Call Girls KolkataRussian Call Girls Kolkata Chhaya 🤌  8250192130 🚀 Vip Call Girls Kolkata
Russian Call Girls Kolkata Chhaya 🤌 8250192130 🚀 Vip Call Girls Kolkata
 
Top Rated Pune Call Girls Shirwal ⟟ 6297143586 ⟟ Call Me For Genuine Sex Ser...
Top Rated  Pune Call Girls Shirwal ⟟ 6297143586 ⟟ Call Me For Genuine Sex Ser...Top Rated  Pune Call Girls Shirwal ⟟ 6297143586 ⟟ Call Me For Genuine Sex Ser...
Top Rated Pune Call Girls Shirwal ⟟ 6297143586 ⟟ Call Me For Genuine Sex Ser...
 
Gaya Call Girls #9907093804 Contact Number Escorts Service Gaya
Gaya Call Girls #9907093804 Contact Number Escorts Service GayaGaya Call Girls #9907093804 Contact Number Escorts Service Gaya
Gaya Call Girls #9907093804 Contact Number Escorts Service Gaya
 
Call Girls Dubai Slut Wife O525547819 Call Girls Dubai Gaped
Call Girls Dubai Slut Wife O525547819 Call Girls Dubai GapedCall Girls Dubai Slut Wife O525547819 Call Girls Dubai Gaped
Call Girls Dubai Slut Wife O525547819 Call Girls Dubai Gaped
 
Call Girls in Nagpur Sakshi Call 7001035870 Meet With Nagpur Escorts
Call Girls in Nagpur Sakshi Call 7001035870 Meet With Nagpur EscortsCall Girls in Nagpur Sakshi Call 7001035870 Meet With Nagpur Escorts
Call Girls in Nagpur Sakshi Call 7001035870 Meet With Nagpur Escorts
 
Book Sex Workers Available Pune Call Girls Yerwada 6297143586 Call Hot India...
Book Sex Workers Available Pune Call Girls Yerwada  6297143586 Call Hot India...Book Sex Workers Available Pune Call Girls Yerwada  6297143586 Call Hot India...
Book Sex Workers Available Pune Call Girls Yerwada 6297143586 Call Hot India...
 
(ANIKA) Wanwadi Call Girls Just Call 7001035870 [ Cash on Delivery ] Pune Esc...
(ANIKA) Wanwadi Call Girls Just Call 7001035870 [ Cash on Delivery ] Pune Esc...(ANIKA) Wanwadi Call Girls Just Call 7001035870 [ Cash on Delivery ] Pune Esc...
(ANIKA) Wanwadi Call Girls Just Call 7001035870 [ Cash on Delivery ] Pune Esc...
 
《伯明翰城市大学毕业证成绩单购买》学历证书学位证书区别《复刻原版1:1伯明翰城市大学毕业证书|修改BCU成绩单PDF版》Q微信741003700《BCU学...
《伯明翰城市大学毕业证成绩单购买》学历证书学位证书区别《复刻原版1:1伯明翰城市大学毕业证书|修改BCU成绩单PDF版》Q微信741003700《BCU学...《伯明翰城市大学毕业证成绩单购买》学历证书学位证书区别《复刻原版1:1伯明翰城市大学毕业证书|修改BCU成绩单PDF版》Q微信741003700《BCU学...
《伯明翰城市大学毕业证成绩单购买》学历证书学位证书区别《复刻原版1:1伯明翰城市大学毕业证书|修改BCU成绩单PDF版》Q微信741003700《BCU学...
 
VIP Call Girl Saharanpur Aashi 8250192130 Independent Escort Service Saharanpur
VIP Call Girl Saharanpur Aashi 8250192130 Independent Escort Service SaharanpurVIP Call Girl Saharanpur Aashi 8250192130 Independent Escort Service Saharanpur
VIP Call Girl Saharanpur Aashi 8250192130 Independent Escort Service Saharanpur
 
哪里办理美国宾夕法尼亚州立大学毕业证(本硕)psu成绩单原版一模一样
哪里办理美国宾夕法尼亚州立大学毕业证(本硕)psu成绩单原版一模一样哪里办理美国宾夕法尼亚州立大学毕业证(本硕)psu成绩单原版一模一样
哪里办理美国宾夕法尼亚州立大学毕业证(本硕)psu成绩单原版一模一样
 
(ZARA) Call Girls Jejuri ( 7001035870 ) HI-Fi Pune Escorts Service
(ZARA) Call Girls Jejuri ( 7001035870 ) HI-Fi Pune Escorts Service(ZARA) Call Girls Jejuri ( 7001035870 ) HI-Fi Pune Escorts Service
(ZARA) Call Girls Jejuri ( 7001035870 ) HI-Fi Pune Escorts Service
 
Slim Call Girls Service Badshah Nagar * 9548273370 Naughty Call Girls Service...
Slim Call Girls Service Badshah Nagar * 9548273370 Naughty Call Girls Service...Slim Call Girls Service Badshah Nagar * 9548273370 Naughty Call Girls Service...
Slim Call Girls Service Badshah Nagar * 9548273370 Naughty Call Girls Service...
 
🔝 9953056974🔝 Delhi Call Girls in Ajmeri Gate
🔝 9953056974🔝 Delhi Call Girls in Ajmeri Gate🔝 9953056974🔝 Delhi Call Girls in Ajmeri Gate
🔝 9953056974🔝 Delhi Call Girls in Ajmeri Gate
 
定制加拿大滑铁卢大学毕业证(Waterloo毕业证书)成绩单(文凭)原版一比一
定制加拿大滑铁卢大学毕业证(Waterloo毕业证书)成绩单(文凭)原版一比一定制加拿大滑铁卢大学毕业证(Waterloo毕业证书)成绩单(文凭)原版一比一
定制加拿大滑铁卢大学毕业证(Waterloo毕业证书)成绩单(文凭)原版一比一
 
Call Girls Delhi {Rs-10000 Laxmi Nagar] 9711199012 Whats Up Number
Call Girls Delhi {Rs-10000 Laxmi Nagar] 9711199012 Whats Up NumberCall Girls Delhi {Rs-10000 Laxmi Nagar] 9711199012 Whats Up Number
Call Girls Delhi {Rs-10000 Laxmi Nagar] 9711199012 Whats Up Number
 
定制宾州州立大学毕业证(PSU毕业证) 成绩单留信学历认证原版一比一
定制宾州州立大学毕业证(PSU毕业证) 成绩单留信学历认证原版一比一定制宾州州立大学毕业证(PSU毕业证) 成绩单留信学历认证原版一比一
定制宾州州立大学毕业证(PSU毕业证) 成绩单留信学历认证原版一比一
 
Call Girls in Thane 9892124323, Vashi cAll girls Serivces Juhu Escorts, powai...
Call Girls in Thane 9892124323, Vashi cAll girls Serivces Juhu Escorts, powai...Call Girls in Thane 9892124323, Vashi cAll girls Serivces Juhu Escorts, powai...
Call Girls in Thane 9892124323, Vashi cAll girls Serivces Juhu Escorts, powai...
 
Call Girls In Andheri East Call 9892124323 Book Hot And Sexy Girls,
Call Girls In Andheri East Call 9892124323 Book Hot And Sexy Girls,Call Girls In Andheri East Call 9892124323 Book Hot And Sexy Girls,
Call Girls In Andheri East Call 9892124323 Book Hot And Sexy Girls,
 
Russian Escorts in lucknow 💗 9719455033 💥 Lovely Lasses: Radiant Beauties Shi...
Russian Escorts in lucknow 💗 9719455033 💥 Lovely Lasses: Radiant Beauties Shi...Russian Escorts in lucknow 💗 9719455033 💥 Lovely Lasses: Radiant Beauties Shi...
Russian Escorts in lucknow 💗 9719455033 💥 Lovely Lasses: Radiant Beauties Shi...
 
FULL ENJOY - 8264348440 Call Girls in Hauz Khas | Delhi
FULL ENJOY - 8264348440 Call Girls in Hauz Khas | DelhiFULL ENJOY - 8264348440 Call Girls in Hauz Khas | Delhi
FULL ENJOY - 8264348440 Call Girls in Hauz Khas | Delhi
 

Share 'Chemical EOR (1).ppt'.ppt

  • 1. CHEMICAL ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY SUPERVISED BY MR. ABDULSALAM DANESHVAR • AHMED TAHA HASAN • ADAM OMAR • AHMED HAMIDADEEN • SOZ KHALID UNIVERSITY OF ZAKHO DEPARTMENT OF PETROLEUM ENGINEERING
  • 2. CONTENTS  INTRODUCTION.  POLYMER FLOODING.  SURFACTANT FLOODING.  ALKALINE FLOODING.  ALKALINE-SURFACTANT-POLYMER (ASP) FLOODING.
  • 4. • There are FOUR common types of chemical EOR methods namely: 1. Polymer Flooding. 2. Surfactant Flooding. 3. Alkaline Flooding. 4. Alkaline-Surfactant-Polymer (ASP) Flooding.
  • 5. • To understand each method of chemical EOR, Advantages, disadvantages, Injection process of chemicals into the formations and suitable conditions to be applied have to be considered. • To do chemical flooding in EOR, new wells have to be drilled for injection.
  • 7. Mechanism Injecting of chemical materials into the reservoir (polymer) in order to stop or reduce water production by increasing its viscosity and there for reduce the mobility ratio and enhance oil production.
  • 8. • The description of the process is to inject polymer into the formation, followed by water injection for the purpose of sweep efficiency where it acts like a piston, polymer has the ability to create oil bank to increase oil recovery. • Polymer injection to control mobility ratio, water injection to improve the sweep efficiency.
  • 9.
  • 10. • If water is only injected and due to reservoir heterogeneity, the swept area will be less and but by adding polymer the mobility is controlled.
  • 11. Advantages • Reducing water production by increasing its viscosity. • Mobility control and flow pattern control. • Sweep efficiency improvement. • Lower cost compared with other chemical EOR methods. • Recovery factor RF increases.
  • 12. Disadvantages • High water salinity (if it is more than 100,000 ppm) it changes and reacts with the polymer composition leads to adsorption. • Fracture presence leads to loosing of polymers into the adjacent formations. • Presence of clays and strong aquifer results in polymer adsorption.
  • 14. Mechanism • It stands for Surface active agents. • It is the injection of surfactant into the formation targeting the surface between oil-water to break the attractive forces between them (IFT) by producing soaps at the contact reducing residual oil saturation in addition to wettability change from oil wet to water wet, followed by polymer injection to enhance the sweep efficiency and control the mobility as well as to stabilize the flow pattern.
  • 15.
  • 16.
  • 17. Usually Co-solvents such as alcohol (low molecular weight) are injected with surfactant: • In many surfactant systems high viscosity liquid crystals, emulsions and gels are observed alcohol is used to break it. • The optimum salinity can be adjusted by alcohol. • Alcohol can eliminate the polymer-surfactant incompatibility.
  • 18. Advantages • Reduce IFT and work as emulsifier between oil and water. • Sor reduction to a very minimum value, which immediately leads to increase in the recovery factor. • Wettability change from oil to water wet. • Trapped (bypassed) oil is produced. • Injection of polymer leads to pattern flow stabilization and mobility control.
  • 19. Disadvantages • Complex process. • Expensive compared to alkaline and polymer. • Incompatibility between surfactant-polymer in case of no co-solvent is used. • Degradation of surfactant and polymer in case of high reservoir temperature. • Strong aquifer leads to both surfactant and polymer adsorption.
  • 20. Conditions to be Applied • High remaining oil (Sor). • Relatively homogeneous formation with no fractures is preferred. • High WOR but not excessive < 10. • Low reservoir temperature to avoid surfactant degradation. • Weak to moderate aquifer strength to avoid surfactant adsorption in the formation during the flooding process.
  • 22. Mechanism • Alkaline or caustic flooding is another method by which oil displacement efficiency can be improved. • The basic alkaline flooding process starts with injection of alkaline solution of about 10 to 30 percent PV pore volume. • Then followed by injection of a polymer slug behind the alkaline solution to control mobility. • lastly followed by water injection to improve sweep efficiency.
  • 23.
  • 24. • The reaction between alkaline and formation oil results in soaps production at the contact between oil-water phases, there for IFT is reduced as well as Sor by producing more trapped oil all of that happens due to in-situ production of surfactant. • Alkaline flooding is used in case of high acidity oil.
  • 25. Advantages • IFT reduction by producing soaps at the contact between oil and water where oil contains high amount of acids. • Sor reduction due to more oil production and RF increases. • Mobility reduction, sweep efficiency enhancement and pattern flow control due to using of polymer injection behind alkaline flooding. • Simple and cheap EOR method. • Wettability change from oil to water wet due to the in- situ production of surfactant.
  • 26. Disadvantages • Low recovery factor compared to other chemical EOR methods. • Degradation of alkaline in case of high reservoir temperature. • Alkaline adsorption in case of strong water aquifer.
  • 27. Conditions to be Applied • High acid content in oil reservoir. • High remaining oil Sor. • Low clay content. • Low reservoir temperature to avoid alkaline degradation. • Weak to moderate aquifer strength to avoid alkaline adsorption.
  • 29. Mechanism • ASP stands for Alkaline-Surfactant-Polymer flooding. • it is the injection of a mixture contains the three chemical EOR methods. • The mixing process is usually prepared at the surface in addition to adding water to the mixture, then it is injected into the reservoir in order to enhance the oil production and increase the recovery factor.
  • 30.
  • 31. • Alkaline is used to reduce IFT by producing soaps at the contact between oil-water phases, then followed by surfactant flooding which is used to reduce Sor as well as change the wettability from oil to water wet, polymer is used to control the flow patterns in case of reservoir heterogeneity is existed and water is used to improve the sweep efficiency.
  • 32. Advantages • High recovery factor since all of alkaline, surfactant and polymer are used. • Wettability change from oil to water wet. • Reduce Sor to the minimum values. • Improve the sweep efficiency by injecting polymer. • Less adsorption in ASP process.
  • 33. Disadvantages • Incompatibility between polymer, alkaline and surfactant in case of the unstable mixture. • Very high cost compared to other EOR methods due to use ASP then polymer an lastly water injection. • Complex process, surface preparation problem and mixture stability.
  • 34. Conditions to be Applied • High values of remaining oil volume Sor. • Weak to moderate aquifer strength. • Low reservoir temperature. • Light to intermediate oil is favorable. • Low clay content to avoid chemical adsorption.
  • 35.  The total acid number (TAN) is a measurement of acidity that is determined by the amount of potassium hydroxide KOH in milligrams that is needed to neutralize the acids in one gram of oil  It is an important quality measurement of crude oil.  It is usually the naphthenic acids in the crude oil that causes corrosion problems.  The values of TAN is still not acidity oil unless it reaches 3-4 mg KOH/g of oil. Total Acid Number