This document contains a science exam for the Lower Secondary Assessment (PMR) in Kedah, Malaysia. The exam has three sections with multiple choice and structured questions about the human ear, human growth patterns, and combustion reactions. Section A contains questions about labeling parts of the human ear diagram and describing the pathway of sound waves. Section B focuses on interpreting human growth curves based on body weight and identifying causes of disease. Section C examines a burning substance in a gas jar with limewater and identifying the factors needed for combustion. The exam tests students' understanding of human biology and chemical reactions.

1. JABATAN PELAJARAN KEDAH DARUL AMAN
LATIH TUBI
SAINS PMR
KERTAS 2
( SET 2 )
SEKTOR PENGURUSAN AKADEMIK

2. Set 2 , Latihtubi PMR 2009 ( Kump. Sederhana ) 55/2
Section A
Bahagian A
[ 40 markah ]
[ 40 markah ]
Answer all questions.
Jawab semua soalan.
1 (a) Diagram 1 shows the parts of human ear.
Rajah 1 menunjukkan bahagian telinga manusia.
B:
C:
X A:
Diagram 1
Rajah 1
(i) On Diagram 1, label parts, A, B and C using the following words:
Pada Rajah 1, labelkan bahagian, A, B dan C menggunakan
perkataan berikut:
Auditory nerve Eardrum Ossicles
Saraf auditori Gegendang telinga Tulang osikel
[ 3 marks ]
[ 3 markah ]
(b) State one function of X.
Nyatakan satu fungsi X. .
______________________________________________________________
[ 1 mark ]
[ 1 markah ]
1

3. Set 2 , Latihtubi PMR 2009 ( Kump. Sederhana ) 55/2
(c) Draw lines to complete the pathway of sound wave into our ear.
Lukis garisan untuk melengkapkan laluan gelombang bunyi ke dalam telinga.
Sound wave Pinna
Gelombang bunyi Cuping telinga
Auditory canal
Salur telinga
Ossicles Eardrum
Osikel Gegendang telinga
[ 2 marks ]
[ 2 markah ]
2

4. Set 2 , Latihtubi PMR 2009 ( Kump. Sederhana ) 55/2
2 (a) Diagram 2.1 shows the growth curves of boys and girls based on body weight.
Rajah 2.1 menunjukkan lengkok pertumbuhan bagi lelaki dan perempuan
berdasarkan kepada berat badan..
X:
A B C
Y:
Diagram 2.1
Rajah 2.1
(i) On Diagram 2, label X and Y.
Pada Rajah 2, labelkan X dan Y.
[ 2 marks ]
[ 2 markah ]
( ii ) At which stage is the rate of growth rapid?
Pada peringkat yang manakah kadar pertumbuhan paling pesat?
...........................................................................................................
[ 1 mark ]
[ 1 markah ]
3

5. Set 2 , Latihtubi PMR 2009 ( Kump. Sederhana ) 55/2
( iii ) Explain your answer in (a)(ii).
Jelaskan jawapan anda di (a)(ii).
........................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................
[ 1 mark ]
[ 1 markah ]
( iv ) Besides body weight, state another physical characteristic used to
measure the rate of human growth.
Selain daripada berat badan, nyatakan ciri fizikal lain yang
digunakan untuk mengukur kadar pertumbuhan manusia.
........................................................................................................
[ 1 mark ]
[ 1 markah ]
(b) Observe Diagram 2.2 below.
Perhatikan Rajah 2.2 di bawah.
Diagram 2.2/ Rajah 2.2
State the causes for the disease above.
Nyatakan punca bagi penyakit di atas..
................................................................................................................
4

6. Set 2 , Latihtubi PMR 2009 ( Kump. Sederhana ) 55/2
[ 1 mark ]
[ 1 markah ]
3 Diagram 3 shows a substance P which is burning in a gas jar contains lime water.
Rajah 3 menunjukkan bahan P dibakar di dalam balang gas berisi air kapur.
Cover
Burning spoon
Air
Substance P
Lime water
Diagram 3 / Rajah 3
(a) (i) After a few minutes, colourless liquid droplets are formed at the wall of
the gas jar.
How to test the liquid droplets?
Selepas beberapa minit, titisan cecair tidak berwarna terbentuk pada
dinding balang gas. Bagaimanakah untuk menguji titisan cecair tidak
berwarna tersebut?
…………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark ]
[ 1 markah ]
(ii) What is the liquid in (a)(i) ?
Apakah cecair dalam (a)(i) ?
…………………………………………………………………………..
[ 1 mark ]
[ 1 markah ]
5

7. Set 2 , Latihtubi PMR 2009 ( Kump. Sederhana ) 55/2
(b ) (i) What happen to the lime water in the gas jar?
Apakah yang berlaku kepada air kapur dalam balang gas?
………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark ]
[ 1 markah ]
(ii) Explain your answer in b ( i ).
Terangkan jawapan anda di b ( i ).
…………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark ]
[ 1 markah ]
(c) State the factors needed for combustion which is shown by Diagram 3.1.
Nyatakan faktor-faktor yang diperlukan untuk pembakaran seperti yang
ditunjukkan di Rajah 3.1.
Diagram 3.1 / Rajah 3.1
(i) P : ………………………………..
(ii) Q: ………………………………...
(iii) R : ……………………………….
6

8. Set 2 , Latihtubi PMR 2009 ( Kump. Sederhana ) 55/2
[ 2 marks ]
[ 2 markah ]
4. Diagram 4 shows the structure of the sun.
Rajah menunjukkan struktur matahari.
R
S
T
Y
Diagram 4 / Rajah 4
(a) On Diagram 4, label one of the structures of the Sun with the following word:
Pada Rajah 4, label satu struktur matahari dengan perkataan di bawah:
Chromosphere Corona Photosphere
Kromosfera Korona Fotosfera
[ 1 mark ]
[ 1 markah ]
(b) Y is the site for the nuclear fission in the Sun.
Complete the diagram below to show nuclear fusion that take place at Y
using the following words
Y adalah tapak belahan nuclear di matahari.
Lengkapkan rajah di bawah untuk menunjukkan belahan nuclear yang
berlaku pada dengan menggunakan perkataan berikut.
Heat energy Four hydrogen atom Light energy One helium atom
Tenaga haba Empat atom hidrogen Tenaga cahaya Satu atom helium
+ +
7

9. Set 2 , Latihtubi PMR 2009 ( Kump. Sederhana ) 55/2
[ 4 marks ]
(c) State one phenomenon that take place at photosphere.
Nyatakan satu fenomena yang berlaku pada fotosfera.
................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark ]
[ 1 markah ]
5. Diagram 5 shows a suction pump.
Rajah 5 menunjukkan satu pelocok.
Diagram 5/ Rajah 5
. (a) What is the function of a suction pump?
Apakah fungsi pelocok?
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark]
[ 1 markah ]
8

10. Set 2 , Latihtubi PMR 2009 ( Kump. Sederhana ) 55/2
(b) What happens when the pumps is pressured onto the surface of sink as shown in
Diagram 4?
Apakah akan berlaku bila pelocok menekan permukaan sinki seperti ditunjukkan
pada Rajah 4?
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………..............
……………………………………………………………………………………
[ 2 marks ]
[ 2 markah ]
(c) What makes the suction pump to be attached strongly onto the surface of the sink after the
step in (b)?
Apakah yang menyebabkan pelocok melekat dengan kuat pada permukaan sinki selepas
langkah dalam (b)?
………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 mark ]
[ 1 markah ]
(d) What happens when the pump is pulled upwards after the step in (c)?
Apakah yang akan berlaku bila pelocok ditarik ke atas selepas langkah di (c)?
………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………..
9

11. Set 2 , Latihtubi PMR 2009 ( Kump. Sederhana ) 55/2
……………………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 mark ]
[ 1 markah ]
(e) Name one other tools in our daily life that uses the concept of air pressure?
Namakah satu alatan kegunaan harian yang menggunakan konsep tekanan udara?
.................................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark ]
[ 1 markah ]
6. Diagram 6 below shows a simple transformer which is made of two coils of
wire wrapped around an iron core.
Rakah 6 di bawah menunjukkan satu transformer ringkas diperbuat daripada dua
lilitan wayar yang melilit suatu teras besi.
Coil X Coil Y
Gegelung X Gegelung Y
Diagram 6/ Rajah 6
(a) What type of transformer is this?
Apakah jenis transformer tersebut?
……………………………………………………………………………………….
[ 1 mark ]
10

12. Set 2 , Latihtubi PMR 2009 ( Kump. Sederhana ) 55/2
[ 1 markah ]
(b) What is the purpose of this transformer?
Apakah kegunaan transformer jenis ini?
.....................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark ]
[ 1 markah
(c) What type of current is produced from the transformer?
Apakah jenis arus yang dihasilkan dari transformer itu?
.......................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark ]
[ 1 markah ]
(d) What is the name of coil X?
Apakah nama gegelung X?
………………………………………………………………………………………..
[ 1 mark ]
[ 1 markah]
(e) What is the name of coil Y?
Apakah nama gegelung Y?
.......................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark ]
[ 1 markah ]
11

13. Set 2 , Latihtubi PMR 2009 ( Kump. Sederhana ) 55/2
(f) Another type of transformer is formed when the number of turns of coils
X and Y is reversed.
Satu jenis transformer lain terbentuk bila bilangan lilitan gegelung X dan
Y diterbalikkan.
(i) What is the name of this transformer?
Apakah jenis transformer ini?
............................................................................................................
[ 1 mark ]
[ 1markah ]
(ii) What is the usage of this type of transformer?
Apakah kegunaan transformer jenis ini?
............................................................................................................
[ 1 mark ]
[ 1 markah ]
(iii) What is the different between the input voltage and the output
voltage for this type of transformer?
Apakah perbezaan antara voltan input dan voltan output bagi
transformer jenis ini?
……………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………….
[ 1 mark ]
[ 1 markah ]
12

14. Set 2 , Latihtubi PMR 2009 ( Kump. Sederhana ) 55/2
Section B
20 marks
Bahagian B
( 20 markah )
7. Diagram 7 shows five types of energy sources.
Rajah 7 menunjukkan lima jenis sumber tenaga.
P Q R
S
T
Diagram 7.1/ Rajah 7.1
(a) State the sources of energy to generate electricity for any four of the
following:
Nyatakan sumber tenaga untuk menjana elektrik bagi mana-mana empat yang
berikut.
P: .............................................................................................................................
Q: ............................................................................................................................
R: ..............................................................................................................................
S: ..............................................................................................................................
13

15. Set 2 , Latihtubi PMR 2009 ( Kump. Sederhana ) 55/2
T : ..............................................................................................................................
[ 4 marks ]
[ 4 markah ]
(b) Classify the sources of energy P, Q, R, S and T into two groups based on
their common characteristics.
Kelaskan sumber tenaga P, Q, R, S dan T kepada dua kumpulan berdasarkan
ciri-ciri sepunya.
[ 4 marks ]
[ 4 markah ]
14

16. Set 2 , Latihtubi PMR 2009 ( Kump. Sederhana ) 55/2
(c)
Diagram 7.2/ Rajah 7.2
Based on Diagram 7.2:
Berdasarkan Rajah 7.2:
(i) Predict the energy source after 40 years.
Ramalkan sumber tenaga berkenaan selepas 40 tahun?
......................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................
[1 mark ]
[ 1 markah ]
(ii) State one inference for the answer in (i).
Nyatakan satu inferens untuk jawapan di (i).
......................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark ]
[ 1 markah ]
15

17. Set 2 , Latihtubi PMR 2009 ( Kump. Sederhana ) 55/2
8. Diagram 8.1 shows the set-up of apparatus to study the frictional force
Rajah 8.1 menunjukkan susunan radas yang digunakan untuk mengkaji daya geseran.
Diagram 8.1 / Rajah 8.1
The following steps were carried out:
Langkah-langkah berikut telah dijalankan:
S1 One wooden block is attached to a spring balance.
Satu blok kayu dipasangkan pada neraca spring.
S2 It is pulled across the table.
Ia ditarik di atas meja.
S3 The reading on the spring balance is recorded as soon as the wooden block
begins to move.
Bacaan neraca spring direkodkan sebaik sahaja blok kayu mula bergerak.
S4 The experiment is repeated using two wooden blocks.
Langkah S1, S2,S3, diulang menggunakan dua blok kayu.
(a) What is the relationship between the number of wooden blocks and the reading
on the spring balance?
Apakah hubungan antara bilangan blok kayu dan bacaan neraca spring ?
.................................................................................................................................
16

18. Set 2 , Latihtubi PMR 2009 ( Kump. Sederhana ) 55/2
[ 1 mark ]
[ 1 markah ]
(b) State the variables involved in this experiment.
Nyatakan pembolehubah yang terlibat dalam eksperimen ini.
Manipulated variable
Pembolehubah manupulasi
Responding variable
Pembolehubah gerakbalas
Constant variable
Pembolehubah malar
[ 3 marks ]
[ 3 markah ]
(c) Table 8.1 below shows the readings on the spring balance when two wooden blocks
are used.
Jadual 8.1 menunjukkan bacaan neraca spring bila dua blok kayu digunakan.
Table 8.1 / Rajah 8.1
Predict the reading on the spring balance if
Ramalkan bacaan neraca spring jika
(i) one wooden block is used / satu blok kayu digunakan
……………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark ]
[ 1 markah ]
(ii) three wooden blocks are used./ tiga blok kayu digunakan.
……………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark ]
[ 1 markah ]
17

19. Set 2 , Latihtubi PMR 2009 ( Kump. Sederhana ) 55/2
(d) Sketch a graph to show the relationship between the weight of an object
and the magnitude of friction produced.
Lakarkan graf untuk menunjukkan hubungan di antara berat objek dan
magnitud daya geseran yang dihasilkan.
[ 2 marks ]
[ 2 markah ]
(e) State one other factor that influences friction.
Nyatakan satu factor yang mempengaruhi geseran.
.................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark ]
[ 1 markah ]
(f) State one benefit of frictional force in our daily life.
Nyatakan satu kebaikan daya geseran dalam kehidupan seharian.
.................................................................................................................................
18

20. Set 2 , Latihtubi PMR 2009 ( Kump. Sederhana ) 55/2
..................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark ]
[ 1 markah ]
19