This document discusses different approaches to achieving objectivity when visualizing complex systems and viewpoints. It describes first-degree objectivity which takes a singular viewpoint from above but lacks context. Second-degree objectivity aims to represent multiple viewpoints. The document evaluates approaches like objectivity by abstention, which maps all viewpoints but risks chaos, and objectivity by geography, which separates viewpoints but resembles first-degree objectivity. It also discusses representing viewpoints using network analyses and different monadic viewpoints to portray individual perspectives within a system.

1. Visualising Second-Degree Objectivity
Tommaso Venturini
Matheu Jacomy
Donato Ricci

2. First-degree objectivity

3. The blind men
and the elephant

4. A vision from above …

5. A vision from above …

6. … or from far away?
Gabriel Tarde vs Emile Durkheim

7. The blessing
of sociology
And we feel safe in this error, thanks to the
impossibility of knowing intimately the real nature of
the elementary relations occurring in external systems…
But, when it comes to human society, we stumble on a
major obstacle: we are at home there, we are the very
elements of the coherent systems of people that we call
cities, states, armies or congregations (p. 68).
Tarde, 1893
Monadologie et sociologie

8. First-degree objectivity

9. Second-degree objectivity

10. The problem with
second-degree objectivity
How should viewpoints be multiplied?
How should viewpoints be combined?

11. Objectivity by abstention

12. Objectivity by abstention

13. Disadvantages
of objectivity by abstention
Maps becomes as chaotic as territories
Cartographers can remain in the hide

14. Objectivity by geography

15. Objectivity by geography

16. Disadvantages
of objectivity by geography
Resembles to first-degree objectivity
Separates context from action

17. Objectivity by geography

18. Representing
viewpoints http://www.medialab.sciences-
po.fr/controversies/2011/scube/decroissance/debat.html

19. Les monades de Tarde
Chacun d'eux, jadis regardé comme un point, devient une
sphère d'action indéfiniment élargie … et toutes ces sphères
qui s'entre-pénètrent sont autant de domaines propres à chaque
élément, peut-être autant d'espaces distincts, quoique mêlés,
que nous prenons faussement pour un espace unique. Le centre
de chacune de ces sphères est un point singularisé par ses
propriétés, mais, après tout, un point comme un autre
(p. 21-22).
Tarde, 1893
Monadologie et sociologie

20. Let’s take a network! Complex systems and self-organization in ISI
Web of Science

21. A couple of ego-
network

22. Ego-network
on global network polymer photovoltaic cells

23. Ego-network on global
network Santa Fe Institute

24. Back to our network! Complex systems and self-organization in ISI
Web of Science

25. But in black Complex systems and self-organization in ISI
Web of Science

26. The network as a
heatmap

27. The network as
a heatmap (with thresholds)

28. The network as an heatmap
(with thresholds and colors)

29. Is it better?

30. Ego-network
on global network polymer photovoltaic cells

31. Ego-network heatmap
polymer photovoltaic cells

32. Ego-network on global
network Santa Fe Institute

33. Ego-network heatmap
Santa Fe Institute

35. Les monades
Leibniz fait de chacune d'elles une chambre obscure où
l'univers entier des autres monades vient se peindre en
réduction et sous un angle spécial (p. 21).
Tarde, 1893
Monadologie et sociologie

36. Ego-network
on global network polymer photovoltaic cells

37. Monadic viewpoint
(geometric) polymer photovoltaic cells

38. Monadic viewpoint
(geometric) polymer photovoltaic cells

39. Monadic viewpoint
(topologic) polymer photovoltaic cells

40. Monadic viewpoint
(geometric) Organ Nanoelect Lab

41. Monadic viewpoint
(topologic) polymer photovoltaic cells

42. Monadic viewpoint
(geometric) Organ Nanoelect Lab