Ok

1. Scientific Report Writing
Dr. Vipul G.
Kelkar PhD (Plant
Biotechnology)
Dr Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth,
Dapoli College of Agriculture
Plant Biotechnology Centre

2. What is scientific Report?
□ Research: You feel that
you
understood the
background
sufficiently, designed and completedthe study
effectively,
obtained useful data, and can use those
data
to
draw
conclusions about a scientific process or principle.
□ A scientific report is a formal document that
systematically presents the methods, results, and
conclusions of a research study or experiment.
□ The people reading such reports have two primary
goals:
□ They want to gather the information
presented.
□ They want to know that the findings are
legitimate.

3. Basic format for research
reports:
Review of
Literature
Methods and
Materials
Results and
Discussion
I.
Introduction
II.
III.
IV
.
V
.
Conclusio
n

4. I. Introduction
□ It states your hypothesis.
□ Explains how you derived that
hypothesis and how it connects
to previous research.
□ It gives relevantinformation andthe purpose of
the experiment/ study.
□ It should contain four basic elements:
□ Purpose: To learn more about some specific scientific
principle and process.
□ Hypothesis: The relationship between the
different objects of your study
Example: “It was hypothesized that as the temperature of a
solvent increases, the rate at which a solute will dissolve in
that solvent increases.”

5. II. Review of Literature
to
which
□ How your research is building on other scientist’s work.
□ Relevant background material will alert the reader
conversation you want to enter.
□ Authors explain the background in order to permit
readers to evaluate the study’s pertinence for their own
work.
□ In any event, both professional researchers and
undergraduates need to connect the background material
overtly to their own work.
micropropagatio
n.
□ Example: If my topic is about cytokinin response to
vanilla
□ Erawati et al. (2019) conducted in the Tissue-Culture Politeknik
Negeri Jember using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD).
Treatment in the form of the addition of cytokinins in MS basal
medium. Factor 1 is BAP concentration 0,1,2 and 3 mg/L. Factor
2 is Kinetin concentration 0,1 and 2 mg/L.. Data analysis used the
DMRT test of 5%. The result showed the emergence of vanilla
shoots is not influenced by exogenous growth regulators and

6. III. Materials and Methods.
□ Give the list of all material you are going to use in the
experiment section wise.
□ Describe in detail how you tested the hypothesis you
developed and also to clarify the rationale for your procedure.
□ Ultimately, others must be able to verify your findings,
so your experiment must be reproducible, to the
extent that other researchers can follow the same
procedure and obtain the same (or similar) results.
□ Refer to your data in the past tense, because the
events you recorded have already occurred.
□ Example: DNA isolation from rice leaves.
Materials: List of all chemical components used for DNA
Isolation Protocol: DNA Isolation protocol in detail.

7. IV. Results and Discussion
□ The Results section is often both the shortest and most
important part of your report.
□ Materials and Methods section shows how you obtained the
results, and your Discussion section explores the significance of
the results.
□ his section provides the most critical information about
your experiment: the data that allow you to discuss how
your hypothesis was or wasn’t supported.
□ Before you write this section, look at all the data you collected
to figure out what relates significantly to your hypothesis.

8. Text:
□ This should be a short paragraph, that describes the
results you obtained from your experiment.
□ In a more complex experiment, you may want to use tables
and/or figures to help guide your readers toward the
most important information you gathered.
□ In that event, you’ll need to refer to each table or figure directly,
where appropriate:
□ “Table 1 lists the rates of solubility for each substance”
□ “Solubility increased as the temperature of the
solution increased (see Figure 1).”
Tables:
□ Shouldn’t put information in the table that also appears in the
text.
□ You also shouldn’t use a table to present irrelevant data, just
to show you did collect these data during the experiment.

9. in ethanol treatmentto observe
aseptic
Example:
□ Table No.1: Time
variation culture
percentage
Sr.
No.
Treatment code Treatment
Number
of
explant
Inoculated
Per
cent
aseptic
culture
1 S-1 Ethanol (70%) for 5 min 20 60 %
2 S-2 Ethanol (70%) for 10 min 20 65 %
3 S-3 Ethanol (70%) for 15 min 20 72 %
4 S-4 Ethanol (70%) for 20 min 20 80 %
5 S-5 Ethanol (70%) for 25 min 20 88 %

10. Figures:
□ Use graphic representations of the data collected to provide literal
picture of how the experiment went.
□ Figures can include maps, photographs, Line graphs, flow charts,
bar graphs, and section graphs (“pie charts”).
Example:
□ Figure 1: Time variation in ethanol treatment to observe aseptic
culture percentage

11. Discussion:
□ It is probably the least formalized part of the
report.
from what
you
□ Explain whether the data support your hypothesis
□ Acknowledge any anomalous data or
deviations expected
□ Derive conclusions, based on your findings, about the process
you’re studying
□ Relate your findings to earlier work in the same area
□ Explore the theoretical and/or practical implications of your
findings
Example:
The length shoots highest in the treatment without the addition of
growth regulators and the explant with Kinetin addition of 1
mg/L, which are 3.0 cm and 2.7 cm. The pattern of the length of
shoots is positive, especially in explants grown on medium
without plant growth regulator BAP. This happens because, in

12. V. Conclusion
□ It is the last paragraph of the discussion or presented under a
separate subheading.
Do:
□ Keep it short. Conclusions are typically one paragraph long.
□ Provide a brief overview of your research and whetheror
not it answers your research question/s.
□ Mention the limitations and key implications of your study.
□ Be transparent about your study’s shortcomings. This is not
only ethical but also helps guide future work.
□ Provide a brief outline of future research based on the results
of your study.
Do not:
□ Introduce new information.