SCI 256 Final Exam Answers
FINAL EXAM TEST
1. According to the Environmental Science text, the environmental statement of the
1990s was “saving our planet”. Is earth’s very survival really in danger?
A) no, because in the long view, the changes humans have made to earth will be
cleansed by natural processes
B) no, because sustainability refers only to the next 2 generations of humans
C) yes, because resources are becoming really sparse
D) yes, because energy will run out
E) none of these
2. The total amount of food produced each year worldwide is sufficient to feed all the
world’s people today. Why do famines nevertheless occur?
A) food production is insufficient in some local areas
B) logging destroys agricultural land
C) worldwide transportation of food is inadequate
D) severe local shortage of firewood affects the ability to cook
E) food production is insufficient in some local areas and worldwide
transportation of food is inadequ
Human activities can negatively impact the environment by depleting renewable resources and causing pollution. Sustainable development aims to meet human needs while preserving the environment. Some key threats include deforestation, overfishing, soil erosion, and the introduction of invasive species. Conservation efforts and transitioning to renewable resources can help reduce environmental harm.
The document discusses the fate of a polluted environment and outlines several key points:
1) The environment provides many essential resources but is threatened by pollution and climate change. Determining the environmental fate of chemicals released is important for assessing exposure.
2) Human activities like deforestation, pollution, and overpopulation have significantly damaged the environment. Carbon dioxide emissions have risen sharply due to human causes.
3) Environmental problems include global warming, loss of habitats and biodiversity, water pollution, and desertification. These issues threaten many species and ecosystems.
4) Protecting the environment through sustainable practices, renewable energy, and ecosystem restoration is crucial for ensuring a healthy planet for future generations. International cooperation on
CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION IN INDIAN COUNTRY TRIBAL REGULATION OF RESERVATION LANErick Giles
This document summarizes a law review article about climate change adaptation in Indian country. It discusses how climate change is impacting tribal lands and resources across different regions of North America. Tribal communities are often hardest hit due to their reliance on natural resources for subsistence and culture. Rising sea levels are forcing relocation of Alaska Native and Pacific Northwest tribes. Drought is damaging agriculture in the Southwest. Changing conditions are threatening traditional lifeways. The impacts endanger tribal economic security, health and welfare. Tribes are asserting more control over lands and resources to adapt, but face historical limitations on regulatory authority.
This document contains a student's answers to multiple choice questions about natural resources. It also includes passages of text about different types of natural resources like land, water, forests, and the atmosphere. Some key points discussed are:
- Renewable resources can replenish themselves, like forests, while non-renewable resources cannot be replenished once depleted, like fossil fuels.
- Natural resources are classified based on ownership as individual, community, national, or international resources.
- Improper resource use can cause problems like resource depletion, environmental issues, and social inequalities. Proper resource planning is needed for balanced development.
This document provides details about purchasing the answers to a SCI 256 Final Exam, including 50 multiple choice questions covering various topics in environmental science. It lists the 50 questions one by one without providing the answer options. The document encourages purchasing the answers by completing the checkout process to receive immediate access to the solutions by email.
Rapid population growth and resource depletion are negatively impacting the environment. There are four main reasons for resource depletion: 1) rapid population increase, 2) pollution, 3) high consumption of resources, and 4) deterioration of land. Population growth increases demand for resources and causes more pollution. Pollution contaminates water, air, and land. High consumption rates deplete resources faster than they can replenish. Deterioration of land reduces soil fertility through erosion, drought, and excessive crop harvesting. Urgent action is needed to reduce waste, consumption, and pollution to conserve limited resources for future generations.
Human activities can negatively impact the environment by depleting renewable resources and causing pollution. Sustainable development aims to meet human needs while preserving the environment. Some key threats include deforestation, overfishing, soil erosion, and the introduction of invasive species. Conservation efforts and transitioning to renewable resources can help reduce environmental harm.
The document discusses the fate of a polluted environment and outlines several key points:
1) The environment provides many essential resources but is threatened by pollution and climate change. Determining the environmental fate of chemicals released is important for assessing exposure.
2) Human activities like deforestation, pollution, and overpopulation have significantly damaged the environment. Carbon dioxide emissions have risen sharply due to human causes.
3) Environmental problems include global warming, loss of habitats and biodiversity, water pollution, and desertification. These issues threaten many species and ecosystems.
4) Protecting the environment through sustainable practices, renewable energy, and ecosystem restoration is crucial for ensuring a healthy planet for future generations. International cooperation on
CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION IN INDIAN COUNTRY TRIBAL REGULATION OF RESERVATION LANErick Giles
This document summarizes a law review article about climate change adaptation in Indian country. It discusses how climate change is impacting tribal lands and resources across different regions of North America. Tribal communities are often hardest hit due to their reliance on natural resources for subsistence and culture. Rising sea levels are forcing relocation of Alaska Native and Pacific Northwest tribes. Drought is damaging agriculture in the Southwest. Changing conditions are threatening traditional lifeways. The impacts endanger tribal economic security, health and welfare. Tribes are asserting more control over lands and resources to adapt, but face historical limitations on regulatory authority.
This document contains a student's answers to multiple choice questions about natural resources. It also includes passages of text about different types of natural resources like land, water, forests, and the atmosphere. Some key points discussed are:
- Renewable resources can replenish themselves, like forests, while non-renewable resources cannot be replenished once depleted, like fossil fuels.
- Natural resources are classified based on ownership as individual, community, national, or international resources.
- Improper resource use can cause problems like resource depletion, environmental issues, and social inequalities. Proper resource planning is needed for balanced development.
This document provides details about purchasing the answers to a SCI 256 Final Exam, including 50 multiple choice questions covering various topics in environmental science. It lists the 50 questions one by one without providing the answer options. The document encourages purchasing the answers by completing the checkout process to receive immediate access to the solutions by email.
Rapid population growth and resource depletion are negatively impacting the environment. There are four main reasons for resource depletion: 1) rapid population increase, 2) pollution, 3) high consumption of resources, and 4) deterioration of land. Population growth increases demand for resources and causes more pollution. Pollution contaminates water, air, and land. High consumption rates deplete resources faster than they can replenish. Deterioration of land reduces soil fertility through erosion, drought, and excessive crop harvesting. Urgent action is needed to reduce waste, consumption, and pollution to conserve limited resources for future generations.
This document discusses environmental psychology and various environmental issues affecting the earth. It defines environmental psychology as the study of how humans interact with and affect their surrounding environment. It then covers several topics within environmental psychology, including water pollution, deforestation, man-made disasters, overpopulation, and global warming. For each topic, it provides background information on causes and effects, as well as potential solutions to address these environmental problems.
The document discusses biodiversity, environmental changes, and climate change. It defines biodiversity and explains its importance for human sustenance, health, well-being, and recreation. Six major environmental challenges are identified, including climate change. Climate change is defined as a change in average weather patterns like temperature and precipitation. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere cause the greenhouse effect and global warming. The document then discusses threats to biodiversity from climate change, including extinction of many plant and animal species. Specific examples of threatened species in Pakistan are provided. The document calls for conservation efforts and development of alternative energy sources to mitigate global warming.
Chapter 20 section 1 notes (population impact on the environment)Mr. Motuk
1) The global human population has grown rapidly since the 1800s due to advances in modern medicine, sanitation, and nutrition. The population grew from 1 billion to over 6.8 billion people currently and is predicted to reach 9 billion by 2050.
2) As the population increases, so does its environmental impact through increased resource consumption, waste production, and pollution. Individuals will produce over 53,000 kg of garbage and consume 18 million liters of water in their lifetime.
3) Daily human activities like electricity and fossil fuel use, food and packaging production, and waste disposal damage the environment. The growing population threatens to exceed Earth's limited resources and carrying capacity if environmental impacts are not reduced through conservation
This document contains 56 multiple choice or fill-in-the-blank questions about topics relating to Earth's history, life on Earth, human civilization, agriculture, water, climate change, and energy. The questions cover a wide range of topics from the early conditions on Earth to modern issues like population growth, resource consumption, pollution, and sustainability.
Este documento presenta un resumen de la unidad 4 sobre células y nutrición humana. Incluye los integrantes del grupo, un índice de los temas a tratar, una introducción sobre el aprendizaje de las células y sus funciones en el cuerpo humano. Luego resume brevemente cada sección sobre cómo se estudian las células, su diversidad, origen de las células eucariotas, interior de las células eucariotas, célula y herencia, los sistemas digestivo, circulatorio, respiratorio y renal, formación de la
El documento describe un taller de integración para estudiantes de primer año de secundaria. El taller les permitió a los estudiantes conocerse entre sí, a los maestros y directivos, y participar en actividades en diferentes materias como lengua, ciencias naturales, educación física, inglés y matemáticas. Los estudiantes también discutieron estrategias de aprendizaje y expresaron cómo se sentían de empezar la secundaria.
Noise pollution is an unwanted sound that negatively impacts recipients. It is a serious problem caused by industrialization and has become a global issue. Sources of noise pollution include transportation, construction, industries, and domestic appliances. Prolonged exposure to loud noise can cause hearing loss, stress, sleep disturbances, and other health issues like increased blood pressure. It also negatively impacts wildlife and structures. Solutions include reducing noise at its source through insulation, limiting loud sounds in public through laws, education, and planting noise-absorbing trees.
This document discusses heredity and hereditary diseases. It covers key topics like genes and chromosomes, including how they determine traits and are passed from parents to offspring. Specific genetic diseases are examined, like Down syndrome and sickle cell anemia. The roles of genetics, environment, and mutations in causing or influencing traits and diseases are explored. Methods for diagnosing fetal genetic disorders are also summarized.
DarrelKammeyer Creating Value with BI in HospitalityDarrel Kammeyer
This document summarizes a presentation by MicroStrategy on how their business intelligence software can help companies in the hospitality industry. The presentation discusses how MicroStrategy integrates with core hospitality processes, provides examples of how it has helped customers with operations, financial analysis, and marketing. It also presents the value proposition of using MicroStrategy to maximize revenue, enhance efficiency, increase customer profitability, and improve satisfaction.
1) If atmospheric carbon dioxide was eliminated from our atmospher.docxhirstcruz
1) If atmospheric carbon dioxide was eliminated from our atmosphere, we would expect that the
Earth would:
A) cool considerably and photosynthesis would dramatically increase
B) cool considerably and photosynthesis would dramatically decrease
C) heat up considerably and photosynthesis would dramatically increase
D) heat up considerably and photosynthesis would dramatically decrease
2) Which of the following is a correlation that is causing widespread concern?
A) As atmospheric oxygen levels decline, the ozone layer is being destroyed.
B) As atmospheric carbon dioxide levels decline, the ozone layer is being destroyed.
C) As levels of methane decline, average global temperatures are increasing.
D) As levels of carbon dioxide increase, average global temperatures are increasing.
3) Which of the following is part of natural capital but not ecosystem capital?
A) solar energy used to drive photosynthesis throughout the biosphere
B) coal and oil reserves
C) the production of electrical energy from wind turbines and dams
D) the genetic diversity of all plants and animals used in modern agriculture
4) From an ecological economist’s perspective, without sustainability, as economies grow:
A) gross national product grows too
B) natural resources are renewed
C) the natural world is depleted
D) natural ecosystems are replenished
5) Natural capital includes ecosystem capital plus:
A) natural forms of energy, such as solar, wind, and flowing water
B) nonrenewable resources such as fossil fuels
C) money available to invest in growing industry
D) all of the products of photosynthesis in the biosphere
6) The concept of sustainability requires that:
A) economic growth does not exceed the renewal of natural capital
B) all sources of energy used in an economy must come from the sun
C) global economic systems are based on the harvesting of natural products
D) economies use equal portions of land, labor, and capital
7) Uncertain about the best way to keep his new lizard alive, Jerome places a heat lamp at one
end of the long lizard cage. Over several days, Jerome notices that the lizard tends to sit in a
certain place when the lamp is on. The lizard’s selection of a particular place to stay
represents its:
A) range of tolerance
B) temperature optimum
C) biotic conditioning
D) use of a limited resource
8) As global climate change warms certain mountain ranges, the temperature optima for the insect
species living on the mountain is causing these insects to:
A) move higher up the mountain
B) move down the mountain
C) move to a new biome
D) become parasitic
9) Energy is lost as it moves from one trophic level to the next because:
A) one trophic level does not consume the entire trophic level below it
B) some of the calories consumed drive cellular activities and do not add mass
C) some ingested materials are undigested and eliminated
D) All of the above.
10) In general, biomes at.
1) The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment primarily characterized human.docxNarcisaBrandenburg70
1) The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment primarily characterized human impact on:
A) atmospheric carbon dioxide levels
B) degradation of the ozone layer
C) ecosystem services
D) plate tectonics
2) The Fourth Assessment Report, released in 2007 concluded that global climate change is
caused at least in part by the:
A) human use of fossil fuels to generate electricity and power engines
B) human use of chlorofluorocarbons in refrigeration systems
C) harvesting of millions of acres of corn, wheat, and soybeans around the world every year
D) depletion of groundwater supplies
3) Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere contributes to global warming by:
A) transmitting visible light and absorbing infrared radiation
B) transmitting infrared radiation and absorbing visible light
C) transmitting infrared radiation and visible light
D) absorbing infrared radiation and visible light
4) The Doha Round of WTO meetings have failed to reach agreement about:
A) currency exchange
B) converting the economies of developed nation from green to brown
C) farm subsidies and trade barriers
D) how to control public protests at future WTO meetings
5) The classical economic paradigm and the new ecological economic paradigm differ in the way
that:
A) each views the land, either as a resource within the human economy (classical) or as
something that encompasses the economy (ecological)
B) the value of capital is assessed, either in dollars (classical) or as resources that can
be mined from the Earth (ecological)
C) labor is determined, either as the number of people who are unemployed, not
counting farmers (classical), or the number of people who are unemployed counting
farmers (ecological)
D) labor and capital are assessed, either counting the total labor and capital resources
available (classical) or that which is in use in operations (ecological)
6) The ecological economic paradigm argues that the environment encompasses the economy
because the environment is essential to provide:
A) the energy necessary to run our homes and factories.
B) solar energy needed for plants and to light our environment during the day.
C) transportation along highways, railways, rivers, and oceans.
D) vital raw materials and ecosystem services and absorb wastes.
7) The ecological economists’ view emphasizes the role of:
A) amount and quality of capital available to industry.
B) abundance of well-trained, well-educated labor that is available.
C) natural ecosystems.
D) public’s understanding of the natural environment.
8) In some deserts, there are mice and lizards that are about the same size. The mice eat grains
and the lizards feed on insects. Given this information, we would expect that the biomass of the:
A) lizards would be about the same as the mice.
B) lizards would be greater than the mice.
C) mice would be greater than the lizards.
D) lizards and mice would be about 10 times greater than the organisms that they consume.
9) Why are there so fe.
Unit 1 Examination38GED 108 Environmental ScienceM.docxmarilucorr
This document contains a multiple choice examination for an environmental science course. It includes 25 questions testing knowledge of topics like population growth trends, ecosystem services, natural resource use, water cycles, soil composition, agriculture, and fossil fuel production. The questions require choosing the best answer from several options to demonstrate understanding of key environmental science concepts.
Please write your answers in the spaces following the questions. .docxLeilaniPoolsy
Please write your answers in the spaces following the questions.
You may use your text book for this exam. But please work individually.
It is due on Monday the last day of class.
Name
1) According to the Environmental Science text, the underlying issue underlying all environmental problems is:
a) the rapid growth in human population
b) the refusal of developing nations to stop using CFCs
c) the Greenhouse Effect
d) contaminated soil and drinking water
e) our generation does not have a global perspective on environmental problems and how to solve them
Answer
2) List the six unifying themes in environmental science introduced in the first chapter of the textbook.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
3) One distinction between (A) science and (B) religion, ethics, and morals is that scientific statements are:
a) disprovable
b) universally accepted
c) inference
d) deductive
e) numerical
Answer
4) Like the Scientific Method, the process of making decisions can be presented as a series of steps. List these steps, as enumerated in the textbook.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
5)
The flooding disaster of the Missouri River is a good example of
a) a materially closed system
b) a human attempt to control a natural ecological system
c) misuse of the carrying capacity of the environment
d) overpopulation of an environment
e) a natural fixed ecological system
Answer
6) The growth rate at which the amount increases at a constant rate for a fixed unit of time is called:
a) linear growth
b) negative feedback
c) exponential growth
d) positive feedback
e) equilibrium
Answer
7) Which of the following examples describes the maximum number of a particular species that an environment can support without degrading the environment?
a) demographic transition
b) replacement fertility curve
c) logistic growth curve
d) sustainability
e) carrying capacity
Answer
8) Which of the following examples describes the movement of a nation from a high population growth to a low population growth?
a) demographic transition
b) replacement fertility curve
c) logistic growth curve
d) sustainability
e) carrying capacity
Answer
9) An ecological community is:
a) a set of interacting species that occur in the same place
b) a system of interdependent living and nonliving components in a given area over a given period of time
c) a system based on the living environment
d) the smallest group that has all characteristics necessary to sustain life
e) the total physical and chemical environment of a continent
Answer
10)
The most basic processes in an ecosystem are:
a) photosynthesis and respiration
b) transport and storage of food
c) trophic chains and storage of food
d) flow of energy and cycling of chemical elements
e) waste decomposition and cycling of energy
Answer
11) The reservoirs and pathways that any chemical element follows through the Earth’s system is called the:
a) carbon cycle
b) nitrogen cycle
c) hydrologic cycle
d) geological cycle
e) biogeochemical cycle
Answe.
This document contains a multiple choice quiz with questions about environmental science topics like natural resources, ecosystems, biodiversity, and more. It includes 25 questions about topics like soil profiles, water resources, producers and consumers in ecosystems, types of biodiversity, reasons for species endangerment, and methods of ex-situ and in-situ conservation. The questions are in multiple choice format with answers highlighted in red.
The document contains questions from two units about environmental concepts. Unit 1 questions cover topics like the definition of environment, components of the environment like the biosphere, atmosphere, lithosphere and hydrosphere. It also includes questions about ecosystems, food chains, and the flow of energy and matter within ecosystems. Unit 2 questions are about environmental issues related to industrialization, mining, transportation, sustainable development, agriculture, dams, and soil erosion. Key topics assessed include causes and effects of pollution, principles of environmental impact assessment, and balancing human needs with environmental protection.
This document contains a series of multiple choice questions about ecology and ecosystems. The questions cover topics such as food webs, ecological levels of organization, stability in ecosystems, and the effects of biotic and abiotic factors. Many questions include diagrams, graphs or illustrations to accompany the text.
This document discusses environmental psychology and various environmental issues affecting the earth. It defines environmental psychology as the study of how humans interact with and affect their surrounding environment. It then covers several topics within environmental psychology, including water pollution, deforestation, man-made disasters, overpopulation, and global warming. For each topic, it provides background information on causes and effects, as well as potential solutions to address these environmental problems.
The document discusses biodiversity, environmental changes, and climate change. It defines biodiversity and explains its importance for human sustenance, health, well-being, and recreation. Six major environmental challenges are identified, including climate change. Climate change is defined as a change in average weather patterns like temperature and precipitation. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere cause the greenhouse effect and global warming. The document then discusses threats to biodiversity from climate change, including extinction of many plant and animal species. Specific examples of threatened species in Pakistan are provided. The document calls for conservation efforts and development of alternative energy sources to mitigate global warming.
Chapter 20 section 1 notes (population impact on the environment)Mr. Motuk
1) The global human population has grown rapidly since the 1800s due to advances in modern medicine, sanitation, and nutrition. The population grew from 1 billion to over 6.8 billion people currently and is predicted to reach 9 billion by 2050.
2) As the population increases, so does its environmental impact through increased resource consumption, waste production, and pollution. Individuals will produce over 53,000 kg of garbage and consume 18 million liters of water in their lifetime.
3) Daily human activities like electricity and fossil fuel use, food and packaging production, and waste disposal damage the environment. The growing population threatens to exceed Earth's limited resources and carrying capacity if environmental impacts are not reduced through conservation
This document contains 56 multiple choice or fill-in-the-blank questions about topics relating to Earth's history, life on Earth, human civilization, agriculture, water, climate change, and energy. The questions cover a wide range of topics from the early conditions on Earth to modern issues like population growth, resource consumption, pollution, and sustainability.
Este documento presenta un resumen de la unidad 4 sobre células y nutrición humana. Incluye los integrantes del grupo, un índice de los temas a tratar, una introducción sobre el aprendizaje de las células y sus funciones en el cuerpo humano. Luego resume brevemente cada sección sobre cómo se estudian las células, su diversidad, origen de las células eucariotas, interior de las células eucariotas, célula y herencia, los sistemas digestivo, circulatorio, respiratorio y renal, formación de la
El documento describe un taller de integración para estudiantes de primer año de secundaria. El taller les permitió a los estudiantes conocerse entre sí, a los maestros y directivos, y participar en actividades en diferentes materias como lengua, ciencias naturales, educación física, inglés y matemáticas. Los estudiantes también discutieron estrategias de aprendizaje y expresaron cómo se sentían de empezar la secundaria.
Noise pollution is an unwanted sound that negatively impacts recipients. It is a serious problem caused by industrialization and has become a global issue. Sources of noise pollution include transportation, construction, industries, and domestic appliances. Prolonged exposure to loud noise can cause hearing loss, stress, sleep disturbances, and other health issues like increased blood pressure. It also negatively impacts wildlife and structures. Solutions include reducing noise at its source through insulation, limiting loud sounds in public through laws, education, and planting noise-absorbing trees.
This document discusses heredity and hereditary diseases. It covers key topics like genes and chromosomes, including how they determine traits and are passed from parents to offspring. Specific genetic diseases are examined, like Down syndrome and sickle cell anemia. The roles of genetics, environment, and mutations in causing or influencing traits and diseases are explored. Methods for diagnosing fetal genetic disorders are also summarized.
DarrelKammeyer Creating Value with BI in HospitalityDarrel Kammeyer
This document summarizes a presentation by MicroStrategy on how their business intelligence software can help companies in the hospitality industry. The presentation discusses how MicroStrategy integrates with core hospitality processes, provides examples of how it has helped customers with operations, financial analysis, and marketing. It also presents the value proposition of using MicroStrategy to maximize revenue, enhance efficiency, increase customer profitability, and improve satisfaction.
1) If atmospheric carbon dioxide was eliminated from our atmospher.docxhirstcruz
1) If atmospheric carbon dioxide was eliminated from our atmosphere, we would expect that the
Earth would:
A) cool considerably and photosynthesis would dramatically increase
B) cool considerably and photosynthesis would dramatically decrease
C) heat up considerably and photosynthesis would dramatically increase
D) heat up considerably and photosynthesis would dramatically decrease
2) Which of the following is a correlation that is causing widespread concern?
A) As atmospheric oxygen levels decline, the ozone layer is being destroyed.
B) As atmospheric carbon dioxide levels decline, the ozone layer is being destroyed.
C) As levels of methane decline, average global temperatures are increasing.
D) As levels of carbon dioxide increase, average global temperatures are increasing.
3) Which of the following is part of natural capital but not ecosystem capital?
A) solar energy used to drive photosynthesis throughout the biosphere
B) coal and oil reserves
C) the production of electrical energy from wind turbines and dams
D) the genetic diversity of all plants and animals used in modern agriculture
4) From an ecological economist’s perspective, without sustainability, as economies grow:
A) gross national product grows too
B) natural resources are renewed
C) the natural world is depleted
D) natural ecosystems are replenished
5) Natural capital includes ecosystem capital plus:
A) natural forms of energy, such as solar, wind, and flowing water
B) nonrenewable resources such as fossil fuels
C) money available to invest in growing industry
D) all of the products of photosynthesis in the biosphere
6) The concept of sustainability requires that:
A) economic growth does not exceed the renewal of natural capital
B) all sources of energy used in an economy must come from the sun
C) global economic systems are based on the harvesting of natural products
D) economies use equal portions of land, labor, and capital
7) Uncertain about the best way to keep his new lizard alive, Jerome places a heat lamp at one
end of the long lizard cage. Over several days, Jerome notices that the lizard tends to sit in a
certain place when the lamp is on. The lizard’s selection of a particular place to stay
represents its:
A) range of tolerance
B) temperature optimum
C) biotic conditioning
D) use of a limited resource
8) As global climate change warms certain mountain ranges, the temperature optima for the insect
species living on the mountain is causing these insects to:
A) move higher up the mountain
B) move down the mountain
C) move to a new biome
D) become parasitic
9) Energy is lost as it moves from one trophic level to the next because:
A) one trophic level does not consume the entire trophic level below it
B) some of the calories consumed drive cellular activities and do not add mass
C) some ingested materials are undigested and eliminated
D) All of the above.
10) In general, biomes at.
1) The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment primarily characterized human.docxNarcisaBrandenburg70
1) The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment primarily characterized human impact on:
A) atmospheric carbon dioxide levels
B) degradation of the ozone layer
C) ecosystem services
D) plate tectonics
2) The Fourth Assessment Report, released in 2007 concluded that global climate change is
caused at least in part by the:
A) human use of fossil fuels to generate electricity and power engines
B) human use of chlorofluorocarbons in refrigeration systems
C) harvesting of millions of acres of corn, wheat, and soybeans around the world every year
D) depletion of groundwater supplies
3) Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere contributes to global warming by:
A) transmitting visible light and absorbing infrared radiation
B) transmitting infrared radiation and absorbing visible light
C) transmitting infrared radiation and visible light
D) absorbing infrared radiation and visible light
4) The Doha Round of WTO meetings have failed to reach agreement about:
A) currency exchange
B) converting the economies of developed nation from green to brown
C) farm subsidies and trade barriers
D) how to control public protests at future WTO meetings
5) The classical economic paradigm and the new ecological economic paradigm differ in the way
that:
A) each views the land, either as a resource within the human economy (classical) or as
something that encompasses the economy (ecological)
B) the value of capital is assessed, either in dollars (classical) or as resources that can
be mined from the Earth (ecological)
C) labor is determined, either as the number of people who are unemployed, not
counting farmers (classical), or the number of people who are unemployed counting
farmers (ecological)
D) labor and capital are assessed, either counting the total labor and capital resources
available (classical) or that which is in use in operations (ecological)
6) The ecological economic paradigm argues that the environment encompasses the economy
because the environment is essential to provide:
A) the energy necessary to run our homes and factories.
B) solar energy needed for plants and to light our environment during the day.
C) transportation along highways, railways, rivers, and oceans.
D) vital raw materials and ecosystem services and absorb wastes.
7) The ecological economists’ view emphasizes the role of:
A) amount and quality of capital available to industry.
B) abundance of well-trained, well-educated labor that is available.
C) natural ecosystems.
D) public’s understanding of the natural environment.
8) In some deserts, there are mice and lizards that are about the same size. The mice eat grains
and the lizards feed on insects. Given this information, we would expect that the biomass of the:
A) lizards would be about the same as the mice.
B) lizards would be greater than the mice.
C) mice would be greater than the lizards.
D) lizards and mice would be about 10 times greater than the organisms that they consume.
9) Why are there so fe.
Unit 1 Examination38GED 108 Environmental ScienceM.docxmarilucorr
This document contains a multiple choice examination for an environmental science course. It includes 25 questions testing knowledge of topics like population growth trends, ecosystem services, natural resource use, water cycles, soil composition, agriculture, and fossil fuel production. The questions require choosing the best answer from several options to demonstrate understanding of key environmental science concepts.
Please write your answers in the spaces following the questions. .docxLeilaniPoolsy
Please write your answers in the spaces following the questions.
You may use your text book for this exam. But please work individually.
It is due on Monday the last day of class.
Name
1) According to the Environmental Science text, the underlying issue underlying all environmental problems is:
a) the rapid growth in human population
b) the refusal of developing nations to stop using CFCs
c) the Greenhouse Effect
d) contaminated soil and drinking water
e) our generation does not have a global perspective on environmental problems and how to solve them
Answer
2) List the six unifying themes in environmental science introduced in the first chapter of the textbook.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
3) One distinction between (A) science and (B) religion, ethics, and morals is that scientific statements are:
a) disprovable
b) universally accepted
c) inference
d) deductive
e) numerical
Answer
4) Like the Scientific Method, the process of making decisions can be presented as a series of steps. List these steps, as enumerated in the textbook.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
5)
The flooding disaster of the Missouri River is a good example of
a) a materially closed system
b) a human attempt to control a natural ecological system
c) misuse of the carrying capacity of the environment
d) overpopulation of an environment
e) a natural fixed ecological system
Answer
6) The growth rate at which the amount increases at a constant rate for a fixed unit of time is called:
a) linear growth
b) negative feedback
c) exponential growth
d) positive feedback
e) equilibrium
Answer
7) Which of the following examples describes the maximum number of a particular species that an environment can support without degrading the environment?
a) demographic transition
b) replacement fertility curve
c) logistic growth curve
d) sustainability
e) carrying capacity
Answer
8) Which of the following examples describes the movement of a nation from a high population growth to a low population growth?
a) demographic transition
b) replacement fertility curve
c) logistic growth curve
d) sustainability
e) carrying capacity
Answer
9) An ecological community is:
a) a set of interacting species that occur in the same place
b) a system of interdependent living and nonliving components in a given area over a given period of time
c) a system based on the living environment
d) the smallest group that has all characteristics necessary to sustain life
e) the total physical and chemical environment of a continent
Answer
10)
The most basic processes in an ecosystem are:
a) photosynthesis and respiration
b) transport and storage of food
c) trophic chains and storage of food
d) flow of energy and cycling of chemical elements
e) waste decomposition and cycling of energy
Answer
11) The reservoirs and pathways that any chemical element follows through the Earth’s system is called the:
a) carbon cycle
b) nitrogen cycle
c) hydrologic cycle
d) geological cycle
e) biogeochemical cycle
Answe.
This document contains a multiple choice quiz with questions about environmental science topics like natural resources, ecosystems, biodiversity, and more. It includes 25 questions about topics like soil profiles, water resources, producers and consumers in ecosystems, types of biodiversity, reasons for species endangerment, and methods of ex-situ and in-situ conservation. The questions are in multiple choice format with answers highlighted in red.
The document contains questions from two units about environmental concepts. Unit 1 questions cover topics like the definition of environment, components of the environment like the biosphere, atmosphere, lithosphere and hydrosphere. It also includes questions about ecosystems, food chains, and the flow of energy and matter within ecosystems. Unit 2 questions are about environmental issues related to industrialization, mining, transportation, sustainable development, agriculture, dams, and soil erosion. Key topics assessed include causes and effects of pollution, principles of environmental impact assessment, and balancing human needs with environmental protection.
This document contains a series of multiple choice questions about ecology and ecosystems. The questions cover topics such as food webs, ecological levels of organization, stability in ecosystems, and the effects of biotic and abiotic factors. Many questions include diagrams, graphs or illustrations to accompany the text.
The document contains a 20 question formative test on topics related to the environment, conservation, and biodiversity. The questions cover topics such as the definition of endangered species, causes of species extinction, reasons for protecting endangered animals, impacts of forest fires and habitat loss, renewable vs non-renewable energy sources, and causes of climate change and pollution. The test aims to assess understanding of key environmental concepts.
ECS111 P SEALEY EXAM 2 STUDY QUESTIONS 2019 1 .docxtidwellveronique
ECS111 P SEALEY EXAM 2 STUDY QUESTIONS 2019
1
EXAM 2 IS TUESDAY APRIL 9th, 2019
REVIEW ESFCW CHAPTERS 5 and 6
EXAM 2 is worth 15 POINTS
1. Which of the following statements is an example of climate?
a. The temperature today is unusually cold for this time of year.
b. Heavy local rains caused flooding in low-lying areas.
c. Long winters and hot, humid summers are typical of the upper Midwest.
d. If the drought in Oklahoma continues next year, it will be the worst since the Dust Bowl.
e. High humidity intensifies the oppressive heat.
2. The evolution of the average behavior of the Earth’s atmosphere over time is called
a. weather. b. climate.
c. climate change. d. hurricanes.
e. stratospheric migration.
3. Components of the climate system do not include
a. the sun. b. oceans.
c. glaciers. d. the atmosphere.
e. cosmic rays.
4. What is e-waste and why is it a concern?
5. Which of the following is not a driver in Earth’s climate?
a. The gravitational pull of the moon b. The sun
c. Ocean currents d. Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
e. Clouds
6. Which of the following statements concerning the composition of the atmosphere is true?
a. Water consistently is the gas present in the highest concentrations.
b. N2 and O2 concentrations tend to be variable.
c. CO2 is present in the lowest concentration of all gases.
d. Methane concentration is about 17 parts per million by volume.
e. Carbon monoxide concentration is 388 parts per million.
7. What is the difference between a sanitary land fill and an open dump? Does garbage decompose more quickly in a
sanitary landfill?
8. If you were to measure the composition of the atmosphere across the globe, the composition would be relatively
constant except for
a. nitrogen and oxygen.
b. oxygen and helium.
c. helium and carbon dioxide.
d. carbon dioxide and water vapor.
e. water vapor and ozone.
9. Ozone exists mostly
a. in the stratosphere. b. underground in reservoirs.
c. dissolved in water. d. in the cryosphere.
e. None of the above
ECS111 P SEALEY EXAM 2 STUDY QUESTIONS 2019
2
10. Incident ultraviolet radiation from the sun is blocked by
a. clouds. b. sulfur dioxide.
c. chlorofluorocarbons. d. methane.
e. ozone.
11. Are most plastics degradable, biodegradable or non-degradable waste? How well do plastics break down?
12. The greatest quantity of fresh water is held in
a. rivers. b. lakes. c. ground water. d. oceans. e. glaciers and ice caps.
13. Which of the following does not play a role in reflecting incident sunlight back into space?
a. Methane b. Ice
c. Clouds d. Sulfur oxides
e. Particulate matter suspended in the atmosphere
14. Other than CO2, what greenhouse gas has the longest lifetime in the atmosphere?
a. Nitrous oxide b. Ozone
c. CFCs d. Methane
e. Both a and c
15. Without the greenhouse effect, the atm.
This document contains 71 multiple choice questions related to environmental science. The questions cover topics such as atmospheric layers, air pollutants, greenhouse gases, waste management practices, renewable and non-renewable energy sources, ecosystems, biodiversity, and environmental protection laws. The questions are intended to assess understanding of key concepts in environmental science for first semester biology students.
BIOL 143
Exam 3 (ch13, 18, 28)
Chapter 13
1) Natural selection can be defined as ______.
A) the evolution of a population of organisms
B) a process in which changes in gene frequencies result from evolution
C) the production of more offspring than can survive in a given environment
D) a process in which organisms with certain inherited traits are more likely to survive and reproduce than individuals with other traits
2) What did Darwin find in South America that suggested that the Andes mountains had been gradually lifted up over millions of years?
A) bird fossils at the top of mountains in Argentina
B) dinosaur bones in the Amazon basin
C) marine snail fossils high up in the Andes mountains
D) impressions of ocean waves at the top of a mountain
3) Which of the following is a component of the fossil record?
A) the distribution of murid rodents in Australia and Asia
B) the similarity of the forelimbs of cats and bats
C) molecular sequences
D) bones of extinct whales
4) The oldest known fossils are from about ______ years ago.
A) 3.5 billion
B) 6,000
C) 4.0 million
D) 1.0 billion
5) Homology is evidence of ______.
A) biogeography
B) convergent evolution
C) natural selection
D) common ancestry
6) Which of the following is a population?
A) the termites infesting your house along with the microorganisms living in their guts
B) all of the termites that have ever lived
C) all organisms living in your house
D) the termites infesting your house
7) Which of the following is likely to be the result of polygenic inheritance?
A) freckles
B) an extra finger
C) human height
D) ABO blood type
8) Genetic drift is the result of ______.
A) natural selection
B) chance
C) a large gene pool
D) environmental variation
9) Gene flow is accomplished by ______.
A) migration
B) sexual recombination
C) mutation
D) natural selection
10) What does evolutionary fitness measure?
A) physical health
B) longevity
C) relative reproductive success
D) population size
11) Which of the following is an example of directional selection?
A) The birth weight at which newborn humans are most likely to survive and the average weight of newborn humans are about the same.
B) There is an increase in antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria.
C) There is an increase in the number of different breeds of dog.
D) Garter snakes with different coloration patterns behave differently when threatened.
12) Which of the following is an example of disruptive selection?
A) The birth weight at which newborn humans are most likely to survive and the average weight of newborn humans are about the same.
B) There is an increase in antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria.
C) There is an increase in the number of different breeds of dog.
D) Garter snakes with different coloration patterns behave differently when threatened.
13) Which of the following is most likely to decrease genetic variation?
A) directional selection
B) mutation
C) stabilizing ...
This document contains 105 multiple choice questions related to environmental science. The questions cover topics like renewable and non-renewable resources, pollution, waste management, forests, biodiversity, and sustainability. The questions have a single correct answer out of 4 options listed for each question.
This document contains a collection of multiple choice questions (MCQs) related to environmental health and ecosystems. It is divided into units covering various topics:
Unit 1 contains MCQs on the multidisciplinary nature of the environment. Unit 2 focuses on natural resources and issues like deforestation, water scarcity, and renewable energy. Unit 3 is about ecosystems, ecological pyramids, succession, and biogeochemical cycles. Unit 4's MCQs cover biodiversity, causes of loss of biodiversity, and biodiversity hotspots. Unit 5 is on environmental pollution. Unit 6 discusses social issues and their relationship to the environment. There are over 100 additional MCQs provided at the end along with a reference section listing sources.
PEOPLE & ENVIRONMENT MCQ FOR UGC-NET PAPER-1DIwakar Rajput
This document contains 85 multiple choice questions related to ecology, environment, and biodiversity. It also includes an advertisement for an online batch for management, commerce, and paper 1 exams being offered by Diwakar Education Hub with contact information. The questions cover topics such as IUCN, the troposphere, population size, the ozone layer, biodiversity, ecological communities, the phosphorus cycle, carrying capacity, exponential growth, photochemical smog, Greenpeace, wet forests, plant nutrient uptake, population range, noise pollution, the IUCN Red List, wetland conservation, global warming, ecology, pollution sources and impacts, food chains, biodiversity conservation strategies, interacting populations, pollution types, soil salinity,
This document contains 50 multiple choice questions related to ecology and environmental science. The questions cover a wide range of topics including biotic and abiotic factors, food webs and energy transfer between trophic levels, population dynamics, ecosystem structure and interactions, and species adaptations. Correct answers are provided for each question to test understanding of key concepts.
Human activities are having significant impacts on ecosystems. The growing human population puts increasing pressure on natural resources and contributes to problems like pollution, habitat loss, and declining biodiversity. Effective management of resources and conservation efforts are needed to protect ecosystems and allow them to continue supporting human populations into the future.
This document contains 38 multiple choice questions related to environmental science and sustainability. The questions cover topics like bioremediation, tiger reserves locations in India, greenhouse gases, carbon dioxide emissions by country, renewable energy potential from wind power, and population growth rates. For each question there are 4 answer options but only one correct answer is provided.
Human activities can negatively impact the environment by affecting renewable resources like land, forests, air, and water. Sustainable development aims to use natural resources without depleting them to meet human needs without long-term environmental harm. Renewable resources like trees, water, and food can regenerate, while nonrenewable resources like fossil fuels cannot be replenished. Human activities like deforestation, overfishing, pollution, and increasing greenhouse gases are threatening biodiversity and causing problems like global warming. Conservation efforts aim to preserve habitats and wildlife.
See this link for associated lesson plan in HotRock module Global Warming, Global Warning
http://www.thehotrock.org.au/hotrockcatalogue/society--environment/year-8/global-warming,-global-warning.aspx
EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE CONSIDER LECTURES UP TO 26 FEB and TEXT Bgalinagrabow44ms
The document is a study guide for Exam 1 that covers lectures up to 26 Feb and textbook chapters through Module 4.1 (Human Populations). It includes 52 multiple choice questions testing knowledge of key concepts like biodiversity, population growth, carrying capacity, keystone species, and human impacts on the environment. Students are asked to define terms, analyze case studies, interpret graphs/figures, and explain relationships between abiotic and biotic factors that shape ecosystems.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
1. SCI 256 Final Exam
Link : http://uopexam.com/product/sci-256-final-exam/
SCI 256 Final Exam Answers
FINAL EXAM TEST
1. According to the Environmental Science text, the environmental statement of the
2. 1990s was “saving our planet”. Is earth’s very survival really in danger?
A) no, because in the long view, the changes humans have made to earth will be
cleansed by natural processes
B) no, because sustainability refers only to the next 2 generations of humans
C) yes, because resources are becoming really sparse
D) yes, because energy will run out
E) none of these
2. The total amount of food produced each year worldwide is sufficient to feed all th
e
world’s people today. Why do famines nevertheless occur?
A) food production is insufficient in some local areas
B) logging destroys agricultural land
C) worldwide transportation of food is inadequate
D) severe local shortage of firewood affects the ability to cook
E) food production is insufficient in some local areas and worldwide
transportation of food is inadequate
Page 1
3. An observation that is agreed upon by the majority of scientists is called a
A) hypothesis
3. B) controlled experiment
C) technology
D) theory
E) fact
4. Which of the following is the correct sequence of steps, from beginning to end, in
the Scientific Method:
A) hypothesis –> controlled experiment –> inferences –> conclusions
B) conclusions –> controlled experiment –> observations –> hypothesis
C) controlled experiment –> inferences –> deductive proof –> hypothesis
D) observations –> hypothesis –> controlled experiment –> conclusions
E) conclusions –> observations –> alter observations to fit conclusions –
> future
research grants and awards
Page 2
5. A chemical spill has occurred on the shore of a lake in an area where the
underlying aquifer is widely used as a drinking water supply. The pollutants
threaten to flow into both the surface water and the groundwater. The residence
time of water in the lake is short, and the residence time in the groundwater is
long. Which of the following statements is correct?
A) pollutants will quickly invade the lake and will linger there the longest
4. B) pollutants will quickly invade the groundwater and will linger there the
longest
C) pollutants will quickly invade the groundwater, but will linger longest in the
lake
D) pollutants will quickly invade the lake, but will linger longest in the
groundwater
E) there is no cause for alarm
6. The region of the Earth where life exists is known as:
A) the biota
B) the crust
C) the biosphere
D) the biozone
E) Gaia
Page 3
7. Epidemic diseases include all of the following except:
A) influenza
B) measles
C) cholera
D) cancer
5. E) plague
8.Decreased death rate and the accelerated rate of human population growth are
related to: I. improved sanitation and health
II. increased food supply
III. control of disease-spreading organisms
A) I only
B) II only
C) III only
D) I and II
E) I, II and III
Page 4
9. Which of the following cycles involves the movement of water from the surface of
the Earth through the atmosphere back to the surface of the Earth?
A) carbon cycle
B) nitrogen cycle
C) hydrologic cycle
D) geological cycle
E) biochemical cycle
10. The substance with the greatest significance for the global carbonate-
silicate cycle
6. is:
A) limestone
B) carbon dioxide
C) quartz minerals
D) water
E) fossil fuels
Page 5
11. According to the Environmental Science text, an ecosystem:
A) introduces life to the environment
B) is the smallest system that includes and sustains life
C) is a set of interacting species that occur at the same place
D) is equivalent to an ecological community
E) is equivalent to an ecological community but excludes natural resources
12. Which of the following statements is true about omnivores?
A) omnivores only feed on dead animals
B) omnivores feed on several on trophic levels
C) omnivores feed on dead organic material
D) omnivores are aquatic animals that feed on algae
E) omnivores bacteria using chemosynthesis for food production
7. 13. In the open ocean, the first trophic level is composed primarily of:
A) small fish
B) zooplankton
C) whales
D) mussels
E) phytoplankton
Page 6
14. Firewood is the primary source of fuel for cooking and heating in many cultures.
Approximately what percentage of the world’s total energy use involves fire
wood?
A) 25%
B) 20%
C) 15%
D) 10%
E) 5%
15. Gradual, sequential changes in the composition of an ecosystem, particularly
following an initial disturbance is called:
A) tolerance
B) succession
8. C) facilitation
D) interference
E) reforestation
Page 7
16. Since the extensive fires in Yellowstone National Park in 1988, the park often h
as
been cited as an example of the connection between forest fire and natural
succession. An important part of understanding the danger of wildfire in
Yellowstone is understanding its history. From the time of the founding of the park
in 1872 until 1963, what was the policy regarding wildfires?
A) to suppress all fires
B) to allow all fires started naturally to burn naturally
C) park officials set annual control burns
D) seasonal control – suppress fires during the tourist season
E) to allow fires in areas with species that need fire to reproduce
17. What is the most important cause of starvation worldwide?
A) droughts
B) inadequate distribution of food resources
C) floods
D) global warming
9. E) genetically engineered crops replacing local crops
Page 8
18. Aquaculture refers to:
A) the production of flood-resistant crops
B) the production of rice and other water-growing crops
C) the production of aquatic animals for food
D) open-ocean fishing
E) the development of coastal tourist resorts
19. Deserts occur naturally where:
A) there is low temperature and low rainfall throughout the year
B) there is too little water for substantial plant growth
C) overgrazing removes water-holding vegetation
D) sand supply exceeds the ability of wind to transport it away
E) there is insufficient soil to grow plants
20. What is the main reason that DDT is still being used in large areas of the world
?
A) need to maximize crop yields in populous developing countries
B) coercion by U.S. chemical manufacturers
C) the chemical breaks down in tropical climates to a benign form
10. D) pests have developed a resistance to it
E) to combat malaria
Page 9
21. Which of the terms below refers to the phenomenon in which many species esc
ape
from a cut area and seek refuge in the border of the forest:
A) subsistence use
B) shelterwood cutting
C) selective cutting
D) edge effect
E) rotation use
22. The most fundamental difference between a park and a true wilderness area is:
A) a park is managed
B) a park has defined boundaries
C) conservation of species takes place
D) fewer species are found in a park
E) human access is excluded in wilderness areas
Page 10
23. As people clear land and modify the environment, species which _____ are esp
ecially
11. vulnerable to extinction.
A) are generalists
B) have highly specific habitats
C) are mammals
D) can adapt to a different environment
E) live in diverse ecosystems
24. Carrying capacity is the:
A) largest-sized individual that can survive in a given ecosystem
B) maximum number of a species that an environment can support without
degradation to the environment
C) maximum number of a species that can live in an environment without
competition among individuals
D) maximum number of a species confined to a specific area
E) variety of species that can live in one habitat without going extinct
Page 11
25. Which of the following are the three main energy sources used in the U.S?
A) petroleum, coal, and nuclear
B) wood, petroleum, and nuclear
C) hydroelectric, natural gas, and coal
12. D) coal, gasoline, and nuclear
E) petroleum, natural gas, and coal
26. The majority of Earth’s energy input comes from:
A) geothermal heat from the Earth’s interior
B) the Earth’s albedo
C) sunlight
D) combustion of fossil fuels
E) photolysis of ozone in the stratosphere
Page 12
27. _________ is an example of a fossil fuel; _________ is an example of an altern
ative
energy source; and _________ is an example of a renewable energy source:
A) coal; nuclear; solar
B) nuclear; solar; natural gas
C) nuclear; natural gas; hydroelectric
D) petroleum; solar; coal
E) hydroelectric; wind; solar
28. The Alaska National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) has made headlines because of:
A) it is the leading source of coal in North America
B) proposals to explore for oil there
13. C) it is the proposed site for disposal of high-level nuclear waste
D) the Exxon Valdez oil spill occurred there
E) further oil migration there is blocked by a trap
Page 13
29. Which of the following is the strongest argument in favor of pollution allowance
trading:
A) it involves the greatest change in the existing marketplace
B) it is the best way to reduce or eliminate all local pollution problems
C) it is the option favored by the Sierra Club and other wilderness groups
D) individual businesses are given a range of options for complying with the law
E) allowance trading creates the greatest government control of pollution
emissions
30. Oil is:
A) organic matter transformed into liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons
B) inorganic matter transformed into liquid hydrocarbons
C) bituminous coals transformed into liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons
D) a variety of natural gases compressed by pressure
E) organic particles in water
Page 14
14. 31. Which of the following terms refers to energy produced from any source other
than fossil fuels:
A) power tower
B) alternative energy
C) fuel cell
D) biofuel
E) renewable energy
32. What is geothermal energy?
A) a thermal spring
B) heat energy in the core of the earth
C) the rate of temperature increase with depth in the Earth
D) heat derived from a geothermal power plant
E) useful conversion of natural heat from the interior of the Earth
Page 15
33. What one factor, more than others, determines the suitability of tidal power for
a
coastal site?
A) the cost of building the plant
B) sediment supply and transport
C) the frequency of tides
15. D) large tidal range
E) size and frequency of storm events
34. The worst accident in the history of commercial nuclear power happened in 198
6
at Chernobyl, where a uranium fuel meltdown occurred. According to the
Environmental Science text, in the next 20 to 30 years, there will be an increase in
cancer:
A) worldwide
B) in the northern hemisphere
C) in northern Europe
D) within 100-200 km of the reactor side
E) in workers at the plant the day of the accident
Page 16
35. The Energy Policy Act of 2005 considered the role of nuclear power in the U.S.
energy mix. Its recommendation was to:
A) resume building new nuclear power plants in the U.S.
B) halt to construction of all new nuclear power plants in the U.S.
C) temporarily hold construction of new nuclear power plants until the Yucca
Mountain site is operational
16. D) transition from fission to fusion power
E) replace all existing nuclear reactors in the U.S. by pebble-
bed reactors by 2010
36. What is an aquifer?
A) a canal or system to transport water over long distances
B) a zone of hot, pressurized groundwater
C) a rock that holds and transmits water
D) a rock in which permeability is low
E) the area of a drainage basin which recharges water into the system
Page 17
37. “Instream use” refers to:
A) water removed from a river and eventually returned to the river
B) use for agricultural purposes
C) evaporation during transport in pipes or canals
D) use by cities or agriculture in the close vicinity of the river
E) uses of the river or lake itself, without removing water
38. Desalination is a promising source of water for some locations because:
A) desalinated water can be delivered at a lower cost than many water sources
B) desalination produces water purer than surface water and approaching the
purity of groundwater
17. C)
desalination requires less energy than transporting water over long distance
s
D) desalination is a potential water source for even the most arid coastal area
E) all of these
Page 18
39. The amount of phosphorus and nitrogen in groundwater probably would be
greatest:
A) in undisturbed forest land
B) in agricultural land in the developed world
C) in agricultural land in the developing world
D) downhill from a petroleum refinery
E) downhill from an urban population center
40. According to the Environmental Science text, what is the most critical water
pollution problem in the world?
A) lack of clean, disease-free drinking water
B) thermal pollution
C) municipal sewage
D) sediment polluted waters
E) industrial effluent
Page 19
18. 41. During the last two million years or so, the climate of the Earth has:
A) been very nearly constant
B) swung sharply both up and down in temperature
C) slowly decreased in humidity
D) slowly increased in temperature
E) seen a steady decrease in precipitation worldwide
42. Large volcanic eruptions appear to make the Earth’s climate ________
_, at least
temporarily.
A) drier
B) more stormy
C) wetter
D) cooler
E) less stormy
Page 20
43. Carbon monoxide is particularly dangerous to humans because:
A) it damages the nervous system
B) low concentrations affect healthy and sickly people equally
C) its deleterious effects increase with decreasing altitude
19. D) it prevents O2 from reaching vital tissues
E) all of these
44. Atmospheric inversion conditions over urban areas pose a problem primarily
because:
A) the conditions are conducive to photochemical smog
B) pollutants are trapped and concentrated
C) the inhabitants can be cut off from oxygen
D) many sensitive plants and animals freeze to death
E) CFCs are concentrated and destroy protective ozone
Page 21
45. This is an ailment caused by long-
term exposure to air with high concentrations of
soot or carbon-rich dust:
A) formaldehyde
B) sick building syndrome
C) chimney effect
D) black lung disease
E) radon
46. The number of deaths caused by lung cancer due to exposure to radon is
20. comparable to the number of deaths caused by ______________ in the U.S. each
year.
A) plane crashes
B) lightening
C) car accidents
D) volcanic eruptions
E) old age
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47. The field of environmental economics seeks to:
A) find the most effective way to achieve rational solutions for environmental
problems
B) treat environmental problems no matter how expensive they might be
C) solve environmental problems by government fiscal policies
D) understand the purpose of scientific and technical solutions to environmental
problems
E) bear the burden and the cost of environmental catastrophes
48. Many natural organisms and ecosystems perform service functions that are
beneficial to humans. These include all of the following except:
A) bees pollinating crops
B) bacteria fixing nitrogen in the ocean
21. C) salt marshes convert toxic compounds to nontoxic forms
D) biological degradation of toxic material applied to land
E) water in the atmosphere combines with sulfurous pollutants and rains to the
ground
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49. Before modern sanitation and medicine, a major control on population density i
n
European cities (and cities elsewhere) was:
A) cockroaches in kitchens, which limited the food supply
B) termites, which damaged wooden houses
C) fleas, which carried infectious diseases
D) pigeons, which spread excrement
E) mice and rats
50. Love Canal, near Niagara Falls, New York, illustrates which of the following
principles or problems?
A) disposal of hazardous chemical waste in an uncontrolled site
B) economic mineral reserves from sewage sludge
C) wild species re-establishing themselves in an urban setting
D) poor understanding of flood hazard
22. E) the difficulty in finding new solid waste sites as old dumps are filled to
capacity
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