The Supreme Court of India heard matters related to preventing the spread of COVID-19 in prisons. It directed all states to stop physical presence of undertrials in courts and use video conferencing instead. States were told to not transfer prisoners unnecessarily and to shift sick prisoners quickly for treatment. A high powered committee in each state was ordered to determine which classes of prisoners can be released on parole or interim bail to prevent overcrowding in prisons. The court said this was to protect prisoners' right to life under the constitution. It left the categories of release to the committees but said it could include prisoners sentenced to 7 years or less for lesser offenses. The matters were listed for further hearing after 3 weeks.
- Many Indian states have halted or slowed down Covid vaccinations for those aged 18-44 due to shortages, diverting vaccine stocks to complete second doses for those above age 45.
- Vaccination centers for 18-44 year olds have closed in Delhi, Maharashtra, and other states as they deal with limited vaccine supplies.
- Experts say India's vaccination program has been hit hard by the policy of diverting vaccine supplies to older groups for second doses, and that timely action could have prevented the current problems.
The Supreme Court took suo motu cognizance of the poor treatment of COVID-19 patients in hospitals across India. It pulled up the central and state governments for the horrific conditions in hospitals, especially in Delhi. The court noted that hospitals are not properly handling bodies of deceased patients and not informing families about deaths. It sought responses from several states on improving conditions and treatment of patients.
First india rajasthan english news paper today 03 march 2020 editionfirst_india
Welcome to the Official Websiite of First India Rajasthan.WE are India’s own INDIAN NEWSPAPERS IN ENGLISH. We are most FIRST NEWSPAPERS IN INDIA exclusive of Rajasthan Samachar interspersed with the best of national, international and sports news from across category.First India News Paper coverage are 360 degree dyanamic which will be keep ahead you in the world.For keep up to date visit us ENGLISH NEWS PAPER TODAY Edition for Rajasthani News.
For English News Paper Today please click :- https://www.firstindia.co.in/jpr/epaper/
13.04.2020 detention center and jail releasesabrangsabrang
This document summarizes proceedings in the Supreme Court of India regarding the release of prisoners from overcrowded prisons during the COVID-19 pandemic. It discusses applications for intervention and modification of previous court orders related to releasing certain categories of prisoners on parole or interim bail. The court heard arguments from various parties and issued directions regarding testing prisoners for COVID-19, quarantining any released prisoners who test positive, ensuring social distancing during prisoner transportation, and applying previous orders to other detention facilities. The court also reduced the period of detention for declared foreigners to be eligible for release from 3 to 2 years.
Dr Shivani S Gaur's Presentation for ghaziabad conference (oct, 2015)DrArchana Tandon
This document discusses key aspects of the proposed Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) Bill in India, including:
- It establishes various regulatory authorities like the National Board for ART, State Boards, and a National Registry of ART clinics and banks.
- It outlines registration requirements and minimum standards that ART clinics and banks must comply with. Harsh penalties including imprisonment are proposed for non-compliance.
- It discusses various duties and procedures ART clinics and banks must follow regarding sourcing and handling of gametes and embryos, counseling patients, and reporting treatment outcomes.
- Concerns are raised that some provisions may be too restrictive or ambiguous and could hamper the effective functioning of ART services in India.
This document summarizes proceedings from a public interest litigation hearing regarding covid-19 conditions in Uttar Pradesh, India. Several advocates presented issues to the court, including lack of access to hospitals, oxygen shortages, overburdened healthcare systems, and mismanagement. The court acknowledged the problems and directed the state government to immediately improve management of existing infrastructure and raise healthcare capacity to 1% of city populations in each district. Major city hospitals were ordered to provide regular health bulletins to reduce visitors and the potential spread of covid-19. The situation was deemed chaotic and immediate action was needed.
This document summarizes proceedings from a public interest litigation hearing regarding covid-19 conditions in Uttar Pradesh, India. Several advocates presented issues to the court, including lack of access to hospitals, shortages of oxygen and drugs, and inadequate quarantine facilities. The judges acknowledged the efforts made by the state government but noted the situation on the ground remains difficult. They ordered the major cities to implement a health bulletin system to update families and reduce overcrowding in hospitals, and to enhance healthcare infrastructure to meet 1% of the population in each district. Overall it examines the ongoing challenges in managing the public health response.
Guidelines for ultrasound establishment s during the covid 19 pandemicDr. Jyoti Malik
This document provides guidelines for ultrasound establishments during the COVID-19 pandemic. It outlines recommendations for patient scheduling and triaging, informed consent procedures, venue sanitation, equipment sanitation, accelerating report availability, procuring protective supplies, and educating staff. Key recommendations include postponing non-essential scans, advanced scheduling to reduce wait times, thorough screening of patients, using appropriate PPE based on patient risk, frequent sanitization of surfaces, disinfecting ultrasound equipment between patients, and training staff on safety protocols. The guidelines aim to minimize exposure risks for both patients and healthcare workers while still providing necessary care.
- Many Indian states have halted or slowed down Covid vaccinations for those aged 18-44 due to shortages, diverting vaccine stocks to complete second doses for those above age 45.
- Vaccination centers for 18-44 year olds have closed in Delhi, Maharashtra, and other states as they deal with limited vaccine supplies.
- Experts say India's vaccination program has been hit hard by the policy of diverting vaccine supplies to older groups for second doses, and that timely action could have prevented the current problems.
The Supreme Court took suo motu cognizance of the poor treatment of COVID-19 patients in hospitals across India. It pulled up the central and state governments for the horrific conditions in hospitals, especially in Delhi. The court noted that hospitals are not properly handling bodies of deceased patients and not informing families about deaths. It sought responses from several states on improving conditions and treatment of patients.
First india rajasthan english news paper today 03 march 2020 editionfirst_india
Welcome to the Official Websiite of First India Rajasthan.WE are India’s own INDIAN NEWSPAPERS IN ENGLISH. We are most FIRST NEWSPAPERS IN INDIA exclusive of Rajasthan Samachar interspersed with the best of national, international and sports news from across category.First India News Paper coverage are 360 degree dyanamic which will be keep ahead you in the world.For keep up to date visit us ENGLISH NEWS PAPER TODAY Edition for Rajasthani News.
For English News Paper Today please click :- https://www.firstindia.co.in/jpr/epaper/
13.04.2020 detention center and jail releasesabrangsabrang
This document summarizes proceedings in the Supreme Court of India regarding the release of prisoners from overcrowded prisons during the COVID-19 pandemic. It discusses applications for intervention and modification of previous court orders related to releasing certain categories of prisoners on parole or interim bail. The court heard arguments from various parties and issued directions regarding testing prisoners for COVID-19, quarantining any released prisoners who test positive, ensuring social distancing during prisoner transportation, and applying previous orders to other detention facilities. The court also reduced the period of detention for declared foreigners to be eligible for release from 3 to 2 years.
Dr Shivani S Gaur's Presentation for ghaziabad conference (oct, 2015)DrArchana Tandon
This document discusses key aspects of the proposed Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) Bill in India, including:
- It establishes various regulatory authorities like the National Board for ART, State Boards, and a National Registry of ART clinics and banks.
- It outlines registration requirements and minimum standards that ART clinics and banks must comply with. Harsh penalties including imprisonment are proposed for non-compliance.
- It discusses various duties and procedures ART clinics and banks must follow regarding sourcing and handling of gametes and embryos, counseling patients, and reporting treatment outcomes.
- Concerns are raised that some provisions may be too restrictive or ambiguous and could hamper the effective functioning of ART services in India.
This document summarizes proceedings from a public interest litigation hearing regarding covid-19 conditions in Uttar Pradesh, India. Several advocates presented issues to the court, including lack of access to hospitals, oxygen shortages, overburdened healthcare systems, and mismanagement. The court acknowledged the problems and directed the state government to immediately improve management of existing infrastructure and raise healthcare capacity to 1% of city populations in each district. Major city hospitals were ordered to provide regular health bulletins to reduce visitors and the potential spread of covid-19. The situation was deemed chaotic and immediate action was needed.
This document summarizes proceedings from a public interest litigation hearing regarding covid-19 conditions in Uttar Pradesh, India. Several advocates presented issues to the court, including lack of access to hospitals, shortages of oxygen and drugs, and inadequate quarantine facilities. The judges acknowledged the efforts made by the state government but noted the situation on the ground remains difficult. They ordered the major cities to implement a health bulletin system to update families and reduce overcrowding in hospitals, and to enhance healthcare infrastructure to meet 1% of the population in each district. Overall it examines the ongoing challenges in managing the public health response.
Guidelines for ultrasound establishment s during the covid 19 pandemicDr. Jyoti Malik
This document provides guidelines for ultrasound establishments during the COVID-19 pandemic. It outlines recommendations for patient scheduling and triaging, informed consent procedures, venue sanitation, equipment sanitation, accelerating report availability, procuring protective supplies, and educating staff. Key recommendations include postponing non-essential scans, advanced scheduling to reduce wait times, thorough screening of patients, using appropriate PPE based on patient risk, frequent sanitization of surfaces, disinfecting ultrasound equipment between patients, and training staff on safety protocols. The guidelines aim to minimize exposure risks for both patients and healthcare workers while still providing necessary care.
The Supreme Court of India heard a contempt petition regarding the vaccination and rehabilitation of persons with mental illness.
The Court directed all states to vaccinate inmates of mental health institutions within 1 month and submit a progress report by October 15th. It noted issues with some states merely redesignating existing facilities as halfway homes instead of establishing new ones per court orders.
The Court highlighted problems with Maharashtra shifting patients to beggar homes and old age homes, directing proper relocation by November 30th. It also found fault with Uttar Pradesh redesignating old age homes as halfway homes.
To monitor progress, the Court ordered the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment to create an online dashboard with real
The document summarizes key aspects of medico-legal issues in obstetrics. It discusses the history of legal cases in obstetrics, reasons for increased litigation, important laws like the MTP Act, PNDT Act, and COPRA Act. It covers areas that are prone to litigation like antenatal care, labor monitoring, analgesia, and maternal mortality. It provides guidance on minimizing litigation risks through proper training, record keeping, communication and consultation.
(09) parole and probation administration(word)Mcypp Ncmf
1. The document discusses probation and parole administration in the Philippines. It outlines the distinct phases of probation including investigation, supervision, and treatment of offenders. It also discusses eligibility requirements, conditions, and violations for both probation and parole.
2. Statistics on probation caseloads, applications, demographics of probationers, and estimated government savings from 2009-2013 are provided. Benefits of probation for the government, society, victims, families, and offenders are highlighted.
3. Facts on parole/executive clemency are also covered, including eligibility, disqualifications, and the purpose of parole under Philippine law.
This report summarizes the findings of research conducted in Ireland on pre-trial detention practices. The research involved observing 91 bail hearings over 6 months. It found that judges ordered pre-trial detention in 44% of cases. Bail with conditions was granted in 48% of cases. There was found to be both an overuse of bail conditions and a lack of monitoring of those conditions by Gardaí. No cases were observed where bail was granted without any conditions. The report recommends that Gardaí receive more training on bail law and only request necessary conditions. It also calls for judges to provide individualized, proportionate reasoning for any bail conditions imposed.
Medical law in India concerns the rights and responsibilities of medical professionals and the rights of patients. The main branches are tort law and criminal law as they relate to medical practice and treatment. Indian medical law also aims to ensure universal healthcare access. Key patient rights under Indian medical law include the right to information, medical records, emergency care, informed consent, confidentiality, non-discrimination, safety standards, alternative treatment options, second opinions, and transparency in treatment costs. The goal of medical law in India is to enhance healthcare access and welfare for all citizens.
This document summarizes efforts taken in India to reduce overcrowding in prisons during the COVID-19 pandemic. It outlines how the Supreme Court formed committees to review cases for release, resulting in over 58,000 prisoners being released between June and July 2020 and a 15.4% decrease in occupancy rates. It also describes the roles that prisons, courts, and legal aid providers played in facilitating releases and protecting prisoner rights. Long term lessons are that decongestion is possible with coordinated criminal justice systems, and that ongoing efforts are needed to sustainably reduce pre-trial detention and improve prison conditions.
The document provides an overview of 10 topics for a biomedical sciences portfolio, including:
1. The Human Tissue Act which regulates the use and storage of human tissue and requires consent.
2. HCPC standards of proficiency for biomedical scientists which outline requirements for registration including practicing safely, ethically and maintaining confidentiality.
3. Pre-analytical variables in emergency departments which can cause errors like misidentification and hemolysis affecting test accuracy.
4. Advantages and disadvantages of point of care testing including faster results but risks of improper sample collection and lack of records.
5. The SHOT report which analyzes transfusion risks and recommendations to improve safety based on reported adverse events and
The document provides an overview of 10 topics for a biomedical sciences portfolio, including:
1. The Human Tissue Act which regulates the use and storage of human tissue and requires proper consent.
2. HCPC standards of proficiency that biomedical scientists must meet to practice, including demonstrating skills and knowledge in their field.
3. Common pre-analytical errors in emergency department testing like improper sample collection that can impact results.
4. Both advantages and disadvantages of point-of-care testing compared to standard laboratory methods.
5. The SHOT report which analyzes transfusion errors and recommendations to improve patient safety.
The Supreme Court of India heard a petition filed by Gautam Navlakha seeking house arrest instead of being held in custody as an undertrial prisoner. Navlakha has been accused of serious crimes under anti-terrorism and sedition laws. The Court received medical reports on Navlakha's health from Jaslok Hospital in Mumbai. However, the prosecution argued that one of the doctors who examined Navlakha was his brother-in-law, so the medical reports may be biased. The Court did not make a final decision, but noted the arguments from both sides on whether Navlakha's health and other factors warrant house arrest given the serious nature of the charges against him.
Transplantation of Human Organ and Tissues law in IndiaIra Gupta
One comprehensive law in India relating to regulating the removal and transplantation of human organs and tissues and for preventing commercial dealings in organs and tissues by providing punishment for such dealings.
Involuntary psychiatric hospitalization, Appeals: Case preparationAnselm Eldergill
1) Legal representatives are common in tribunal proceedings regarding detention under mental health acts, with around 90% of patients in Wales being represented.
2) The chapter discusses the role and perspective of legal representatives in these tribunals. It provides guidance on the initial steps representatives should take, including observing the patient's mental state and background information.
3) The rules allow for parties to choose their own representative, with some limitations, or for the tribunal to appoint a representative if the patient does not choose one themselves. The rules provide certain rights to representatives, such as disclosure of documents.
The document discusses several key Acts related to healthcare laws in India:
1) The Transplantation of Human Organ Act (THO) of 1994 which legalized organ donation and transplantation in India but organ commerce still occurs.
2) The Drugs and Cosmetics Act of 1940 which regulates drugs and cosmetics in India to ensure they are safe and effective.
3) The Indian Medical Central Council Act of 1970 which established the Central Council to regulate medical education and the medical profession in India.
This order from the Supreme Court of India addresses issues related to the treatment of COVID-19 patients and handling of bodies in hospitals. It notes recent fire incidents in COVID hospitals in India and directs all states to appoint nodal officers for fire safety in COVID hospitals. It also orders fire audits of all COVID hospitals monthly and compliance with fire safety norms. The order emphasizes the fundamental right to health and affordable treatment, and stresses strict implementation of COVID guidelines and protocols.
This document provides guidelines for quarantining healthcare workers (HCWs) exposed to COVID-19 patients in India. It defines quarantine versus isolation and recommends facilities for quarantine. HCWs are categorized as high or low risk based on their exposure level. High risk HCWs should quarantine for 14 days, while low risk can continue working with self-monitoring. Guidelines are provided for active quarantine during work and passive quarantine afterwards, which may take place in institutional housing or at home if criteria are met. Testing is recommended upon start and end of quarantine. The policies aim to reduce virus transmission while accounting for available resources.
This document provides information about special homes under the Juvenile Justice Act in India. It defines special homes as institutions established by state governments for the rehabilitation of children in conflict with law. Special homes are meant to provide reformative services like education, counseling, and skill development to children during their stay. The goal is to support children in accepting responsibility, preparing for reintegration, and ensuring they do not reoffend. The approach in special homes is non-punitive and focuses on supporting children's rehabilitation and fresh start in life.
1) The document outlines a Charter of Patients' Rights adopted by the National Human Rights Commission of India.
2) The Charter consolidates and codifies existing legal provisions and international standards related to patient rights into a single document to make patients aware of their rights in a coherent manner.
3) The Charter outlines 13 key rights of patients, including the right to information, emergency care, confidentiality, safety, choice of treatment and providers, and protection in clinical trials. It assigns corresponding duties to healthcare providers and facilities to uphold these rights.
This document discusses laws related to healthcare in India. It outlines the consumer protection laws and agencies established to hear consumer complaints, including the District Forum for claims up to 20 lakh rupees, the State Commission for claims from 20 lakh to 1 crore rupees, and the National Commission for claims over 1 crore rupees. Sections 269 and 270 of the Indian Penal Code make spreading infectious diseases unlawful. The document also discusses legal standards and cases related to medical negligence, patient safety, informed consent, and confidentiality. Key defenses in medical negligence cases include arguing that standard medical practices were followed or that the patient assumed the risks.
This document summarizes a landmark Supreme Court of India case that established guidelines for prosecuting doctors for alleged medical negligence. The case involved a complaint filed against doctors and nurses after a patient died in the hospital. The Supreme Court ruled that a credible medical opinion must support allegations of negligence before charges can be brought against a doctor. Investigating officers must obtain an independent medical opinion before pursuing criminal charges. Doctors cannot be routinely arrested simply due to an allegation and arrest should only occur if necessary for the investigation. The judgment aims to protect doctors from frivolous prosecution while not providing total immunity.
Defending Weapons Offence Charges: Role of Mississauga Criminal Defence LawyersHarpreetSaini48
Discover how Mississauga criminal defence lawyers defend clients facing weapon offence charges with expert legal guidance and courtroom representation.
To know more visit: https://www.saini-law.com/
Lifting the Corporate Veil. Power Point Presentationseri bangash
"Lifting the Corporate Veil" is a legal concept that refers to the judicial act of disregarding the separate legal personality of a corporation or limited liability company (LLC). Normally, a corporation is considered a legal entity separate from its shareholders or members, meaning that the personal assets of shareholders or members are protected from the liabilities of the corporation. However, there are certain situations where courts may decide to "pierce" or "lift" the corporate veil, holding shareholders or members personally liable for the debts or actions of the corporation.
Here are some common scenarios in which courts might lift the corporate veil:
Fraud or Illegality: If shareholders or members use the corporate structure to perpetrate fraud, evade legal obligations, or engage in illegal activities, courts may disregard the corporate entity and hold those individuals personally liable.
Undercapitalization: If a corporation is formed with insufficient capital to conduct its intended business and meet its foreseeable liabilities, and this lack of capitalization results in harm to creditors or other parties, courts may lift the corporate veil to hold shareholders or members liable.
Failure to Observe Corporate Formalities: Corporations and LLCs are required to observe certain formalities, such as holding regular meetings, maintaining separate financial records, and avoiding commingling of personal and corporate assets. If these formalities are not observed and the corporate structure is used as a mere façade, courts may disregard the corporate entity.
Alter Ego: If there is such a unity of interest and ownership between the corporation and its shareholders or members that the separate personalities of the corporation and the individuals no longer exist, courts may treat the corporation as the alter ego of its owners and hold them personally liable.
Group Enterprises: In some cases, where multiple corporations are closely related or form part of a single economic unit, courts may pierce the corporate veil to achieve equity, particularly if one corporation's actions harm creditors or other stakeholders and the corporate structure is being used to shield culpable parties from liability.
The Supreme Court of India heard a contempt petition regarding the vaccination and rehabilitation of persons with mental illness.
The Court directed all states to vaccinate inmates of mental health institutions within 1 month and submit a progress report by October 15th. It noted issues with some states merely redesignating existing facilities as halfway homes instead of establishing new ones per court orders.
The Court highlighted problems with Maharashtra shifting patients to beggar homes and old age homes, directing proper relocation by November 30th. It also found fault with Uttar Pradesh redesignating old age homes as halfway homes.
To monitor progress, the Court ordered the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment to create an online dashboard with real
The document summarizes key aspects of medico-legal issues in obstetrics. It discusses the history of legal cases in obstetrics, reasons for increased litigation, important laws like the MTP Act, PNDT Act, and COPRA Act. It covers areas that are prone to litigation like antenatal care, labor monitoring, analgesia, and maternal mortality. It provides guidance on minimizing litigation risks through proper training, record keeping, communication and consultation.
(09) parole and probation administration(word)Mcypp Ncmf
1. The document discusses probation and parole administration in the Philippines. It outlines the distinct phases of probation including investigation, supervision, and treatment of offenders. It also discusses eligibility requirements, conditions, and violations for both probation and parole.
2. Statistics on probation caseloads, applications, demographics of probationers, and estimated government savings from 2009-2013 are provided. Benefits of probation for the government, society, victims, families, and offenders are highlighted.
3. Facts on parole/executive clemency are also covered, including eligibility, disqualifications, and the purpose of parole under Philippine law.
This report summarizes the findings of research conducted in Ireland on pre-trial detention practices. The research involved observing 91 bail hearings over 6 months. It found that judges ordered pre-trial detention in 44% of cases. Bail with conditions was granted in 48% of cases. There was found to be both an overuse of bail conditions and a lack of monitoring of those conditions by Gardaí. No cases were observed where bail was granted without any conditions. The report recommends that Gardaí receive more training on bail law and only request necessary conditions. It also calls for judges to provide individualized, proportionate reasoning for any bail conditions imposed.
Medical law in India concerns the rights and responsibilities of medical professionals and the rights of patients. The main branches are tort law and criminal law as they relate to medical practice and treatment. Indian medical law also aims to ensure universal healthcare access. Key patient rights under Indian medical law include the right to information, medical records, emergency care, informed consent, confidentiality, non-discrimination, safety standards, alternative treatment options, second opinions, and transparency in treatment costs. The goal of medical law in India is to enhance healthcare access and welfare for all citizens.
This document summarizes efforts taken in India to reduce overcrowding in prisons during the COVID-19 pandemic. It outlines how the Supreme Court formed committees to review cases for release, resulting in over 58,000 prisoners being released between June and July 2020 and a 15.4% decrease in occupancy rates. It also describes the roles that prisons, courts, and legal aid providers played in facilitating releases and protecting prisoner rights. Long term lessons are that decongestion is possible with coordinated criminal justice systems, and that ongoing efforts are needed to sustainably reduce pre-trial detention and improve prison conditions.
The document provides an overview of 10 topics for a biomedical sciences portfolio, including:
1. The Human Tissue Act which regulates the use and storage of human tissue and requires consent.
2. HCPC standards of proficiency for biomedical scientists which outline requirements for registration including practicing safely, ethically and maintaining confidentiality.
3. Pre-analytical variables in emergency departments which can cause errors like misidentification and hemolysis affecting test accuracy.
4. Advantages and disadvantages of point of care testing including faster results but risks of improper sample collection and lack of records.
5. The SHOT report which analyzes transfusion risks and recommendations to improve safety based on reported adverse events and
The document provides an overview of 10 topics for a biomedical sciences portfolio, including:
1. The Human Tissue Act which regulates the use and storage of human tissue and requires proper consent.
2. HCPC standards of proficiency that biomedical scientists must meet to practice, including demonstrating skills and knowledge in their field.
3. Common pre-analytical errors in emergency department testing like improper sample collection that can impact results.
4. Both advantages and disadvantages of point-of-care testing compared to standard laboratory methods.
5. The SHOT report which analyzes transfusion errors and recommendations to improve patient safety.
The Supreme Court of India heard a petition filed by Gautam Navlakha seeking house arrest instead of being held in custody as an undertrial prisoner. Navlakha has been accused of serious crimes under anti-terrorism and sedition laws. The Court received medical reports on Navlakha's health from Jaslok Hospital in Mumbai. However, the prosecution argued that one of the doctors who examined Navlakha was his brother-in-law, so the medical reports may be biased. The Court did not make a final decision, but noted the arguments from both sides on whether Navlakha's health and other factors warrant house arrest given the serious nature of the charges against him.
Transplantation of Human Organ and Tissues law in IndiaIra Gupta
One comprehensive law in India relating to regulating the removal and transplantation of human organs and tissues and for preventing commercial dealings in organs and tissues by providing punishment for such dealings.
Involuntary psychiatric hospitalization, Appeals: Case preparationAnselm Eldergill
1) Legal representatives are common in tribunal proceedings regarding detention under mental health acts, with around 90% of patients in Wales being represented.
2) The chapter discusses the role and perspective of legal representatives in these tribunals. It provides guidance on the initial steps representatives should take, including observing the patient's mental state and background information.
3) The rules allow for parties to choose their own representative, with some limitations, or for the tribunal to appoint a representative if the patient does not choose one themselves. The rules provide certain rights to representatives, such as disclosure of documents.
The document discusses several key Acts related to healthcare laws in India:
1) The Transplantation of Human Organ Act (THO) of 1994 which legalized organ donation and transplantation in India but organ commerce still occurs.
2) The Drugs and Cosmetics Act of 1940 which regulates drugs and cosmetics in India to ensure they are safe and effective.
3) The Indian Medical Central Council Act of 1970 which established the Central Council to regulate medical education and the medical profession in India.
This order from the Supreme Court of India addresses issues related to the treatment of COVID-19 patients and handling of bodies in hospitals. It notes recent fire incidents in COVID hospitals in India and directs all states to appoint nodal officers for fire safety in COVID hospitals. It also orders fire audits of all COVID hospitals monthly and compliance with fire safety norms. The order emphasizes the fundamental right to health and affordable treatment, and stresses strict implementation of COVID guidelines and protocols.
This document provides guidelines for quarantining healthcare workers (HCWs) exposed to COVID-19 patients in India. It defines quarantine versus isolation and recommends facilities for quarantine. HCWs are categorized as high or low risk based on their exposure level. High risk HCWs should quarantine for 14 days, while low risk can continue working with self-monitoring. Guidelines are provided for active quarantine during work and passive quarantine afterwards, which may take place in institutional housing or at home if criteria are met. Testing is recommended upon start and end of quarantine. The policies aim to reduce virus transmission while accounting for available resources.
This document provides information about special homes under the Juvenile Justice Act in India. It defines special homes as institutions established by state governments for the rehabilitation of children in conflict with law. Special homes are meant to provide reformative services like education, counseling, and skill development to children during their stay. The goal is to support children in accepting responsibility, preparing for reintegration, and ensuring they do not reoffend. The approach in special homes is non-punitive and focuses on supporting children's rehabilitation and fresh start in life.
1) The document outlines a Charter of Patients' Rights adopted by the National Human Rights Commission of India.
2) The Charter consolidates and codifies existing legal provisions and international standards related to patient rights into a single document to make patients aware of their rights in a coherent manner.
3) The Charter outlines 13 key rights of patients, including the right to information, emergency care, confidentiality, safety, choice of treatment and providers, and protection in clinical trials. It assigns corresponding duties to healthcare providers and facilities to uphold these rights.
This document discusses laws related to healthcare in India. It outlines the consumer protection laws and agencies established to hear consumer complaints, including the District Forum for claims up to 20 lakh rupees, the State Commission for claims from 20 lakh to 1 crore rupees, and the National Commission for claims over 1 crore rupees. Sections 269 and 270 of the Indian Penal Code make spreading infectious diseases unlawful. The document also discusses legal standards and cases related to medical negligence, patient safety, informed consent, and confidentiality. Key defenses in medical negligence cases include arguing that standard medical practices were followed or that the patient assumed the risks.
This document summarizes a landmark Supreme Court of India case that established guidelines for prosecuting doctors for alleged medical negligence. The case involved a complaint filed against doctors and nurses after a patient died in the hospital. The Supreme Court ruled that a credible medical opinion must support allegations of negligence before charges can be brought against a doctor. Investigating officers must obtain an independent medical opinion before pursuing criminal charges. Doctors cannot be routinely arrested simply due to an allegation and arrest should only occur if necessary for the investigation. The judgment aims to protect doctors from frivolous prosecution while not providing total immunity.
Defending Weapons Offence Charges: Role of Mississauga Criminal Defence LawyersHarpreetSaini48
Discover how Mississauga criminal defence lawyers defend clients facing weapon offence charges with expert legal guidance and courtroom representation.
To know more visit: https://www.saini-law.com/
Lifting the Corporate Veil. Power Point Presentationseri bangash
"Lifting the Corporate Veil" is a legal concept that refers to the judicial act of disregarding the separate legal personality of a corporation or limited liability company (LLC). Normally, a corporation is considered a legal entity separate from its shareholders or members, meaning that the personal assets of shareholders or members are protected from the liabilities of the corporation. However, there are certain situations where courts may decide to "pierce" or "lift" the corporate veil, holding shareholders or members personally liable for the debts or actions of the corporation.
Here are some common scenarios in which courts might lift the corporate veil:
Fraud or Illegality: If shareholders or members use the corporate structure to perpetrate fraud, evade legal obligations, or engage in illegal activities, courts may disregard the corporate entity and hold those individuals personally liable.
Undercapitalization: If a corporation is formed with insufficient capital to conduct its intended business and meet its foreseeable liabilities, and this lack of capitalization results in harm to creditors or other parties, courts may lift the corporate veil to hold shareholders or members liable.
Failure to Observe Corporate Formalities: Corporations and LLCs are required to observe certain formalities, such as holding regular meetings, maintaining separate financial records, and avoiding commingling of personal and corporate assets. If these formalities are not observed and the corporate structure is used as a mere façade, courts may disregard the corporate entity.
Alter Ego: If there is such a unity of interest and ownership between the corporation and its shareholders or members that the separate personalities of the corporation and the individuals no longer exist, courts may treat the corporation as the alter ego of its owners and hold them personally liable.
Group Enterprises: In some cases, where multiple corporations are closely related or form part of a single economic unit, courts may pierce the corporate veil to achieve equity, particularly if one corporation's actions harm creditors or other stakeholders and the corporate structure is being used to shield culpable parties from liability.
Sangyun Lee, 'Why Korea's Merger Control Occasionally Fails: A Public Choice ...Sangyun Lee
Presentation slides for a session held on June 4, 2024, at Kyoto University. This presentation is based on the presenter’s recent paper, coauthored with Hwang Lee, Professor, Korea University, with the same title, published in the Journal of Business Administration & Law, Volume 34, No. 2 (April 2024). The paper, written in Korean, is available at <https://shorturl.at/GCWcI>.
Synopsis On Annual General Meeting/Extra Ordinary General Meeting With Ordinary And Special Businesses And Ordinary And Special Resolutions with Companies (Postal Ballot) Regulations, 2018
सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने यह भी माना था कि मजिस्ट्रेट का यह कर्तव्य है कि वह सुनिश्चित करे कि अधिकारी पीएमएलए के तहत निर्धारित प्रक्रिया के साथ-साथ संवैधानिक सुरक्षा उपायों का भी उचित रूप से पालन करें।
What are the common challenges faced by women lawyers working in the legal pr...lawyersonia
The legal profession, which has historically been male-dominated, has experienced a significant increase in the number of women entering the field over the past few decades. Despite this progress, women lawyers continue to encounter various challenges as they strive for top positions.
Matthew Professional CV experienced Government LiaisonMattGardner52
As an experienced Government Liaison, I have demonstrated expertise in Corporate Governance. My skill set includes senior-level management in Contract Management, Legal Support, and Diplomatic Relations. I have also gained proficiency as a Corporate Liaison, utilizing my strong background in accounting, finance, and legal, with a Bachelor's degree (B.A.) from California State University. My Administrative Skills further strengthen my ability to contribute to the growth and success of any organization.
Genocide in International Criminal Law.pptxMasoudZamani13
Excited to share insights from my recent presentation on genocide! 💡 In light of ongoing debates, it's crucial to delve into the nuances of this grave crime.
1. 1
ITEM NO.8 COURT NO.1 SECTION PIL-W
S U P R E M E C O U R T O F I N D I A
RECORD OF PROCEEDINGS
SUO MOTU WRIT PETITION (C) NO. 1/2020
IN RE : CONTAGION OF COVID 19 VIRUS IN PRISONS
(WITH IA No. 46086/2020 – FOR INTERVENTION/IMPLEADMENT AND IA No.
46091/2020 – FOR PERMISSION TO APPEAR AND ARGUE IN PERSON)
WITH W.P.(C) No. 450/2020 (PIL-W)
(FOR ADMISSION)
W.P.(C) No. 445/2020 (PIL-W)
(FOR ADMISSION and IA No.46113/2020-PERMISSION TO FILE LENGTHY LIST
OF DATES)
W.P.(C) No. 466/2020 (PIL-W)
(FOR ADMISSION and IA No.48124/2020-EX-PARTE AD-INTERIM RELIEF)
Date : 23-03-2020 These matters were called on for hearing today.
CORAM :
HON'BLE THE CHIEF JUSTICE
HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE L. NAGESWARA RAO
HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE SURYA KANT
COUNSEL FOR THE PARTIES
Mr. Tushar Mehta, SG
Ms. Swati Ghildiyal, Adv.
Mr. Ankur Talwar, Adv.
Mr. G.S. Makkar, Adv.
Mr. Raj Bahadur, Adv.
Mr. B.V. Balaram Das, AOR
Mr. Dushyant Dave, Sr. Adv. (Amicus Curiae)
Dr. Monika Gusain, Adv.
Mr. Nikhil Goel, AOR
Mr. Suhaan Mukerji, Adv.
Mr. Vishal Prasad, Adv.
For M/s PLR Chambers & Co.
Ms. Astha Sharma, Adv.
With Mr. Ajay Chaudhuri,
Resident Commissioner, Mizoram
Mr. Raghvendra Kumar, Adv.
Mr Narendra Kumar, AOR
Mr. Milind Kumar, AOR
Digitally signed by
SANJAY KUMAR
Date: 2020.03.23
15:57:17 IST
Reason:
Signature Not Verified
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Mr. Vishal Meghwal, Adv.
Mr. Jayanth Muthraj, Sr. Adv./AAG
Mr. M. Yogesh Kanna, AOR
Mr. S. Raja Rajeshwaran, Adv.
Mr. Arun R. Pednekar, Adv.
Mr. Hitesh Kumar Sharma, Adv.
Ms. Mukti Chowdhary, AOR
Ms. Ashima Mandla, Adv.
Mr. Fuzail Ahmad Ayyubi, AOR
Mr. Ibad Mushtaq, Adv.
Mr. Vishal Tiwari, PIP
Mr. Avijit Mani Tripathi, AOR
Mr. V.G. Pragasam, AOR
Mr. S. Prabu Ramasubramanian, Adv.
Mr. K.V. Jagdishvaran, Adv.
Ms. G. Indira, AOR
Mr. Sachin Patil, Adv.
Mr. Geo Joseph, Adv.
Ms. Bansuri, AAG
Dr. Monika Gusain, AOR
With
Mr. Jagjit Singh, IG Prisons (Haryana)
Mr. P. Venkat Reddy, Adv.
Mr. Prashant Tyagi, Adv.
Mr. P. Srinivas Reddy, Adv.
For M/s. Venkat Palwai Law Associates, AOR
Mr. Tapesh Kumar Singh, AOR
Mr. Aditya Pratap Singh, Adv.
Mr. Ahinav Sekhri, Adv.
Mr. Senthil Jagadeesan, AOR
Mr. Ashok Kumar Singh, Adv.
Mr. Hussain Mueen Farooq, Adv.
Ms. Manju Jetley, AOR
Mohd. Kamran Khan, Adv.
Ms. Sudha, Adv.
Mr. Ajeet Kumar Sharma, Adv.
Mr. Vikas Mahjan, AAG
Mr. Vinod Sharma, AOR
Mr. G. N. Reddy, AOR
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Mr. T. Vijaya Bhaskar Reddy, Adv.
Mr. M. Shoeb Alam, AOR
Mr. Keshav Mohan, Adv.
Mr. Santosh Kumar - I, AOR
Mr. A.P. Mayee, AOR
Ms. K. Enatoli Sema, AOR
Mr. G. Prakash, AOR
Ms. Garima Prashad, AOR
Mr. Avijit Mani Tripathi, AOR
Mr. V.N. Raghupathy, AOR
Mr. Pukhrambam Ramesh Kumar, AOR
Mr. Fuzail Ahmad Ayyubi, AOR
Mr. Shuvodeep Roy, AOR
Mr. Sumeer Sodhi, AOR
Ms. Uttara Babbar, AOR
Mr. Vinay Arora, AOR
Mr. Abhimanyu Tewari, AOR
UPON hearing the counsel the Court made the following
O R D E R
SUO MOTU WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) NO.1/2020
By an order dated 16.03.2020, this Court had issued notice to
all the States and Union Territories, to show cause why directions
should not be issued for dealing with the present health crisis
arising out of Corona virus (COVID-19) with regard to Prisons and
Remand Homes. Several States and UTs have filed their responses
detailing measures and initiatives taken while dealing with Corona
virus (COVID-19) in respect of persons detained in Prisons and
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Remand Homes.
States of Gujarat, Manipur, Meghalaya, Odisha and UTs of Dadar
& Nagar Haveli, Daman & Diu, National Capital Territory of Delhi
and Puducherry have not filed their responses. The State of Andhra
Pradesh, Punjab, Tamil Nadu, Madhya Pradesh, Kerala, Himachal
Pradesh and UT of Jammu & Kashmir, though have filed their
responses with regard to the measures taken for prisons but have
not submitted their response in relation to measures taken for
juveniles in Remand Homes.
An overview of the responses reflects that considerable
measures for protection of health and welfare of the prisoners to
restrict the transmission of COVID-19 have been taken by the State
Governments. These measures generally include creation of isolation
wards, quarantine of new prisoners including prisoners of foreign
nationality for a specific period, preliminary examination of
prisoners for COVID-19, ensuring availability of medical
assistance, entry points scanning of staff and other service
providers, sanitisation and cleanliness exercise of prison campus
and wards, supply of masks, barring or limiting of personal visit
of visitors to prisoners, suspension of cultural and other group
activities, awareness and training with regard to stoppage of
transmission of COVID-19 and court hearings through video
conferencing among others. Many states have also initiated the
process of installing digital thermometers for the purpose of
examination of the prisoners, staff and visitors. Some of the
States have taken similar measures for Remand Homes as well.
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In other significant measures the States of Bihar, Karnataka,
Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Tripura, Jharkhand, Goa, Kerala,
Telangana and UTs of Jammu & Kashmir and Chandigarh have advised
the prison authorities that visitors may be allowed to interact
with prisoners only through video calling or telephonic call.
States of Goa, Kerala, Telangana, Karnataka and Haryana have
adopted screening of prisoners returning from parole to prevent
possible transmission.
State of Uttar Pradesh has constituted 'COVID-19 Special Task
Force' in all 71 prisons comprising of the Superintendent, the
Jailor, Circle Officer/Deputy Jailor, Medical Officer and One
member of para-medical staff to monitor the prevention of
transmission of infection.
Importantly, Rajasthan and Jharkhand have taken measures to
decongest the prison by transferring prisoners from congested
prisons to other prisons where the number of prisoners is low. The
State of Punjab has directed to identify places in and around the
prison, which can be used as a temporary prison in case if there is
an outbreak of the virus.
The State of Haryana has directed prisons to prepare block-
wise time table relating to food and other services for prevention
of overcrowding. Andhra Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Punjab and
Maharashtra and UT of Ladakh have identified special groups of
prisoners, which are more vulnerable such as old age prisoners with
respiratory diseases etc. to infections for special focus and
scrutiny.
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Looking into the possible threat of transmission and fatal
consequences, it is necessary that prisons must ensure maximum
possible distancing among the prisoners including undertrials.
Taking into consideration the possibility of outside
transmission, we direct that the physical presence of all the
undertrial prisoners before the Courts must be stopped forthwith
and recourse to video conferencing must be taken for all purposes.
Also, the transfer of prisoners from one prison to another for
routine reasons must not be resorted except for decongestion to
ensure social distancing and medical assistance to an ill prisoner.
Also, there should not be any delay in shifting sick person to a
Nodal Medical Institution in case of any possibility of infection
is seen.
We also direct that prison specific readiness and response
plans must be developed in consultation with medical experts.
“Interim guidance on Scaling-up COVID-19 Outbreak in Readiness and
Response Operations in camps and camp like settings” jointly
developed by the International Federation of Red Cross and Red
Crescent (IFRC), International Organisation for Migration (IOM),
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and World
Health Organisation (WHO), published by Inter-Agency Standing
Committee of United Nations on 17 March, 2020 may be taken into
consideration for similar circumstances. A monitoring team must be
set up at the state level to ensure that the directives issued with
regard to prison and remand homes are being complied with
scrupulously.
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The issue of overcrowding of prisons is a matter of serious
concern particularly in the present context of the pandemic of
Corona Virus (COVID – 19).
Having regard to the provisions of Article 21 of the
Constitution of India, it has become imperative to ensure that the
spread of the Corona Virus within the prisons is controlled.
We direct that each State/Union Territory shall constitute a
High Powered Committee comprising of (i) Chairman of the State
Legal Services Committee, (ii) the Principal Secretary
(Home/Prison) by whatever designation is known as, (ii) Director
General of Prison(s), to determine which class of prisoners can be
released on parole or an interim bail for such period as may be
thought appropriate. For instance, the State/Union Territory could
consider the release of prisoners who have been convicted or are
undertrial for offences for which prescribed punishment is up to 7
years or less, with or without fine and the prisoner has been
convicted for a lesser number of years than the maximum.
It is made clear that we leave it open for the High Powered
Committee to determine the category of prisoners who should be
released as aforesaid, depending upon the nature of offence, the
number of years to which he or she has been sentenced or the
severity of the offence with which he/she is charged with and is
facing trial or any other relevant factor, which the Committee may
consider appropriate.
The Undertrial Review Committee contemplated by this Court In
re Inhuman Conditions in 1382 Prisons, (2016) 3 SCC 700, shall meet
every week and take such decision in consultation with the
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concerned authority as per the said judgment.
The High Powered Committee shall take into account the
directions contained in para no.11 in Arnesh Kumar v. State of
Bihar, (2014) 8 SCC 273.
Some States/Union Territories who have not filed responses may
file the same within three weeks from today.
List the matter after three weeks.
WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) NOS.450/2020, 445/2020 AND 466/2020
Learned counsel appearing for the petitioners prays for
withdrawal of the instant writ petitions with liberty to approach
the concerned Ministries, Union of India, New Delhi.
Prayer is allowed.
Copies of these writ petitions shall be served upon Mr. Tushar
Mehta, learned Solicitor General appearing for the Union of India
and they shall be treated as representations. The concerned
Ministries shall dispose of the representations in accordance with
law.
It is made clear that if the concerned Ministries deem it
appropriate, they may hear the petitioners.
The Writ Petitions are dismissed as withdrawn with the
aforesaid liberty.
(SANJAY KUMAR-II) (MUKESH NASA) (INDU KUMARI POKHRIYAL)
ASTT. REGISTRAR-cum-PS COURT MASTER ASSISTANT REGISTRAR