The document discusses the history and issues surrounding the shrinking of the Aral Sea since the 1960s due to diversion of water from the Amu Darya and Syr Darya rivers for irrigation. It notes that the Aral Sea area declined from 64,800 sq km in 1960 to 27,000 sq km in 2001, with salinity increasing over 13 times in some areas. It describes problems caused including desertification, toxic dust and salt storms, and degradation of flora and fauna. It outlines establishment of organizations like the IFAS and ICWC to manage water resources and mitigate the Aral Sea crisis through programs like ASBP-1, 2, and 3. It emphasizes the need for cooperative management of trans

1. The Executive Committee of the
International Fund
for saving the Aral Sea
(EC IFAS)

2. The Executive Committee of the
International Fund for saving the Aral Sea

3. The Executive Committee of the
International Fund for saving the Aral Sea
Aral Sea
the 60th of the 20th century

4. The Executive Committee of the
International Fund for saving the Aral Sea
Aral Sea
The beginning of ХI century

5. The Executive Committee of the
International Fund for saving the Aral Sea
Aral Sea
1964
area 64800 km2
2001 год
area 21100 km2
2013 год
area 8730 km2
100% 32,5% 13,5 %
The desiccation dynamics of the Aral Sea

6. The Executive Committee of the
International Fund for saving the Aral Sea
Aral Sea
Delta of the Amudarya river
Reduction of the runoff up to 12,5 km3 of water

7. The Executive Committee of the
International Fund for saving the Aral Sea
Aral Sea
Reduction of water surface by 8 times
2013
by 29 meters
Level of water
53 m (1960)
24 m (2013)
1960

8. The Executive Committee of the
International Fund for saving the Aral Sea
Aral Sea
Level of salinity
- has increased by more than 13-25 times
- exceeds average mineralization level of the
World ocean by 7-11 times
Ocean Aral Sea
18-24 (g/l)
120-280 (g/l)

9. The Executive Committee of the
International Fund for saving the Aral Sea
Problems of the Aral Sea: опустынивание
The sand-salt Aralkum desert,
with a surface area of more
than 5.5 million hectares, is
inexorably taking over the
Aral region

10. The Executive Committee of the
International Fund for saving the Aral Sea
Problems of the Aral Sea: transfer dust and toxic salts
More than 75 million tonnes
of dust and toxic salts enter
the atmosphere
annually from the Aral Sea.
The dust plumes that rise
from the bottom are up to
400 km. long and 40 km.
wide.

11. The Executive Committee of the
International Fund for saving the Aral Sea
Problems of the Aral Sea: flora and fauna degradation
More than half of the plant and animal gene
pool of the Aral Sea region has disappeared,
with 11 species of fish, 12 species of
mammals, 26 types of birds and 11 species
of plants nearly gone.

12. The Executive Committee of the
International Fund for saving the Aral Sea
Problems of the Aral Sea
The Tien Shan glaciers

13. The Executive Committee of the
International Fund for saving the Aral Sea
Problems of the Aral Sea
«The problem of the Aral
Sea is not only a regional
problem of Central Asia,
but also one of the global
problems.»
From the speech of H.E. I.Karimov, President of the
Republic of Uzbekistan, at the 48th UN General Assembly
in 1993

14. The Executive Committee of the
International Fund for saving the Aral Sea
Problems of the Aral Sea
H.E. Ban Ki-moon, UN Secretary General
«... one of the most serious
environmental disasters in the
world…»
«…collective responsibility of
the whole world, not only the
countries of Central Asia…»
April, 2010, the Aral Sea

15. The Executive Committee of the
International Fund for saving the Aral Sea
Establishment of the IFAS
The IFAS was established in 1993 for the
purpose of consolidation of the efforts of the
countries of the region and the international
community on the reduction of the negative
consequences of the Aral Sea disaster

17. The Executive Committee of the
International Fund for saving the Aral Sea
From 2013 up to 2016
Uzbekistan is presiding in the IFAS

18. The Executive Committee of the
International Fund for saving the Aral Sea
«Programs on providing assistance to the
countries of the Aral Sea Basin»
( ASBP )
The implemented Programs
ASBP-1 (1995-2001)
ASBP-2 (2002-2010)
The developed Programs
ASBP-3 (2011-2015)

19. The Executive Committee of the
International Fund for saving the Aral Sea
ASBP-3
ASBP-3 was adopted by the Decision of the IFAS
Board (December 10, 2010, Almaty).
ASBP-3 provides implementation of more than 300
national and regional projects at the total sum over
8,5 billion dollars.

20. The Executive Committee of the
International Fund for saving the Aral Sea
«Program of measures on
eliminating the consequences of
the drying up of the Aral Sea and
averting the catastrophe of the
ecological systems in the Aral
Sea region»
The Program was supported by H.E. Ban Ki-
moon, UN Secretary General, and circulated
as an official document at the 68th session of
the UN General Assembly in September 2013

21. The Executive Committee of the
International Fund for saving the Aral Sea
Aral tragedy and measures of its overcoming, it should be
noted that the solution of this problem is directly linked to
the problems of equitable and reasonable use of water
resources, especially transboundary rivers, the most careful
approach to the conservation of fragile ecological and water
balance in the region.

22. The Executive Committee of the
International Fund for saving the Aral Sea
1992 - founded ICWC
(Interstate Commission for Water Coordination)

23. The Executive Committee of the
International Fund for saving the Aral Sea
Analysis of existing institutions of
such type in the world confirms
the uniqueness of this regional
organization

24. The Executive Committee of the
International Fund for saving the Aral Sea
During the reporting period, within the framework of IFAS and ICWC it has
been adopted a number of regulations and agreements in which countries
have expressed interest in joint use and protection of water resources.
• Statement by the heads of the water Departments of the Central Asian Republics
(1991)
• Agreement "on cooperation in joint management and protection of
transboundary water resources " (1992)
• Agreement on joint actions to address the problems of the Aral Sea and the Aral
Sea region, environmental sanitation and socio- economic development of the
Aral Sea region (1993)
• Nukus Declaration of the Central Asian countries and international organizations
on issues of sustainable development of the Aral Sea Basin (1995 )
• Agreement on the use of water and energy resources of the Syrdarya River Basin
(1998)
• Dushanbe Declaration (2002)
• Joint Statement by the Heads of State IFAS (2009 ), etc.

25. The Executive Committee of the
International Fund for saving the Aral Sea
«recognizing the community and unity of regional
water resources, the Parties have the same rights
to use and responsibility for ensuring their rational
use and conservation»
Almaty Agreement of 1992

26. The Executive Committee of the
International Fund for saving the Aral Sea
«undertake not to permit in its territory acts that
affect the interests of other parties and harm them,
lead to a change in the agreed quantities of water
consumption and pollution of water sources»
Almaty Agreement of 1992

27. The Executive Committee of the
International Fund for saving the Aral Sea
«interest in developing a mutually acceptable
mechanism for integrated water resources use and
environmental protection in Central Asia taking into
account the interests of all states in the region"»
Joint Statement of 2009 of the Heads of the IFAS
founder states

28. The Executive Committee of the
International Fund for saving the Aral Sea
Rational use of transboundary water resources in the region is
a key factor in providing water, food, energy and
environmental security of the region

29. The Executive Committee of the
International Fund for saving the Aral Sea
Regime of operations of water reservoirs and Hydropower stations
before 1992 after 1992
Irrigation mode Energy mode

30. The Executive Committee of the
International Fund for saving the Aral Sea
Toktogul dam

31. 31
Operation regime of the Toktogul dam
April -
September
October -
March
Inflow,
км3
Outflow,
км3

32. The Executive Committee of the
International Fund for saving the Aral Sea
Nurek dam

33. The Executive Committee of the
International Fund for saving the Aral Sea
6,0
kм3
On 1 April
10,0
km3
Operational regime of the Nurek dam
On 1 September
- 4,0 km3
Volume of the Nurek dam

34. The Executive Committee of the
International Fund for saving the Aral Sea
Yan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June Jule Aug. Sep. Okt. Nov. Dec.
energy
agriculture
downstream
country
upstream
country
Water demands Dynamics

35. The Executive Committee of the
International Fund for saving the Aral Sea
downstream
country upstream
country
Kazakhstan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
Kirgizstan
Tajikistan
Availability of natural fuel sources (oil and gas)
Self-saficiency
Export
Import

36. The Executive Committee of the
International Fund for saving the Aral Sea
Turkmenistan Kirgizstan
Generation of Electric power
Total
generation,
Billion KWt
Per capita,
KWt/hour
Kazakhstan Uzbekistan Tajikistan
4250
72
15
49
17 18
1650
2950 2900
2250

37. The Executive Committee of the
International Fund for saving the Aral Sea
Basis for cooperative water resources management
• Common character of water resources of transboundary rivers
• Increasing water deficit
• Current ecological challenges, including climate change
• Available regional institutional and legal framework for water
resources management

38. The Executive Committee of the
International Fund for saving the Aral Sea
«interest in developing a mutually acceptable
mechanism for integrated water resources use and
environmental protection in Central Asia taking into
account the interests of all states in the region"»
Joint Statement of 2009 of the Heads of the IFAS
founder states

39. The Executive Committee of the
International Fund for saving the Aral Sea
With hope for the future

40. The Executive Committee of the
International Fund for saving the Aral Sea
Thank you for your attention