Salivary glands disorders

1. Presented By:
Aniqa Sadiq
Submitted To:
Sir. Izen Fernandus

2. 
 At the end of this presentation the student will be able to:
 Defination
 Pathophysiology
 Signs & symptoms
 Causes
 Complications
 Diagnostic criteria
 Treatment i.e Medical,surgical,nursing and nutritional
 Patient teaching
 Nursing Diagnosis
objectives

3. 
 The salivary gland consist of the parotid gland, one
on each side of the face below the ear; the
submandibular and sublingual glands, both in the
flour of the mouth and beneath the lips.
Defination

4. 
 Following are the disorder of the salivary gland:
 Parotitis
 Sialadenitis
 Salivary calculus
 Neoplasms
 Cancer of the oral cavity
 and pharynx
Disorder of the salivary
gland

5. 
 Cancer of the oral cavity and pharynx, which can
occur in any part of the mouth and throat are curable
if discovered early.
 The incidence is almost twice as high in men as it is
in women.
Cancer of the oral cavity
and pharynx

6. 
 Malignancies of the oral cavity are usually squamous
cell cancers.
 Any area of the oropharynx can be a site of
malignant growths, but the lips, the lateral aspects of
the tongue, and the flour of mouth are commonly
affected.
Pathophysiology

7. 
Many oral cancers produce few or no symptoms in the early
stages. Later, the most frequent symptom are:
 Typical lesion
 Tenderness
 Difficulty in chewing, swallowing or speaking
 Enlarged cervical lymph nodes
 Coughing of blood tinged sputum
 Ulcer with raised edges
 Painless sore
Signs & symptoms

8. 
 use of cigarette and cigar
 Pipe smoking
 Use of smokeless tobacco
 Excessive use of alcohol
 Infection with human papillomavirus (HPV)
Causes

9. 
 Diagnostic evaluation consist of an:
 Oral examination
 Assessment of cervical lymph nodes
 Biopsies are performed on suspicious lesions
Diagnosis criteria

10. 
 Instruct the patient importance of preventive mouth
care.
 Ensuring adequate food and fluid intake.
 Prevent infection if present nurse administers the
prescribed medication.
 Educating the patient about self care.
Patient teaching

11. 
 Salivary gland stones
 Illness of other body systems
 Frey’s syndrome
 Facial numbness
 Salivary gland tumors
 Facial nerve injury
Complication

12. 
 Following factors may raise a person risk of
developing salivary gland disorder:
 Age
 Radiation exposure
 Malnutrition
 Systemic dehydration
 Poor oral hygiene
Risk factors

13. 
 Based on the assessment data, major nursing
diagnoses may include the following:
 Acute pain related to surgical incision
 Impaired tissue integrity secondary to surgery and
grafting
 Ineffective airway clearance related to obstruction by
mucus or edema
 Impaired verbal communication secondary to
surgical resection
Nursing Diagnosis

14. 
 Medical:
 In patient diagnosed with oropharyngeal cancer, management
varies with the nature of the lesion, the preferance of the
physician and patient choice.
 Radiation therapy and chemotherapy may be useful and
preserve function.
 Surgical:
 Surgical procedures include hemiglossectomy (surgical
removal of half of the tongue) and total glossectomy (removal
of the tongue).
 Surgical resection and radiation therapy are standard
treatment.
Treatment

15. 

16. 
 Nutritional:
 The patient’s nutritional status preoperatively, and a
dietery consultation may be necessary. The patient may
require enteral or parenteral feeding before and after
surgery to maintain adequate nutrition.
Nursing Management:
The nurse offers support when patient feel pain and
discomfort. The nurse reinforce the need to perform oral care
and support a positive self image.Verbal communication
may be impaired so a communication board with commonly
used words and pictures is obtained.
Cont….

17. 
THANK YOU….!