ROUNTINE MEDICINE LABORATORY TESTING - CÁC XÉT NGHIỆM THƯỜNG QUY ÁP DỤNG TRONG LÂM SÀNG Slide trình bày nội dung sơ lược về kỹ thuật Giải phẫu bệnh tôi soạn năm 2017. Xem cập nhật tại : https://npduylab.com/ky-thuat-giai-phau-benh Nguyễn Phúc Duy -Bộ môn Giải phẫu bệnh - Pháp Y, Trường ĐH Y Dược Cần Thơ. Chuyên setup phòng xét nghiệm, tư vấn xét nghiệm tổng quát. Tầm soát ung thư. Tư vấn bữa ăn cân bằng hợp lý, kiểm soát đường huyết.

1. Routine Medicine
Laboratory Testing
DUY NGUYEN PHUC
npduylab@gmail.com
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2. www.npduylab.com/kythuatgiaiphaubenh

3. Introduction to Laboratory Medicine
• Define laboratory medicine and its
significance.
• Discuss the role of lab tests in diagnosis,
monitoring, and prevention
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4. Objectives
• List objectives: Understanding test types,
indications, performance, and result
interpretation.
• Highlight the aim to learn about quality control
and the future of lab testing.
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5. Overview of Routine Laboratory Tests
• Definition and purpose of routine lab tests.
• Categories: Blood tests, urinalysis,
microbiological tests, and more.
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6. Blood Tests
• Introduction to common blood tests (CBC,
BMP, LFTs) and their clinical relevance.
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7. Complete Blood Count (CBC)
• Components: Red and white blood cells,
hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelets.
• Importance in diagnosing anemia, infections,
and blood disorders.
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8. Basic Metabolic Panel (BMP)
• Tests for electrolytes, renal function (BUN,
creatinine), glucose.
• Evaluates metabolism, kidney function, and
blood sugar levels.
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9. Liver Function Tests (LFTs)
• AST, ALT, bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase:
Markers of liver health.
• Diagnosis and monitoring of liver disease.
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10. Lipid Profile
• Measures cholesterol, LDL, HDL,
triglycerides.
• Assesses risk for cardiovascular disease.
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11. Coagulation Tests
• PT, aPTT, and INR for clotting efficiency.
• Used for diagnosing clotting disorders and
monitoring anticoagulant therapy.
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12. Thyroid Function Tests
• TSH, T3, T4 levels for thyroid health
assessment.
• Diagnosis of hypothyroidism or
hyperthyroidism.
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13. Urinalysis
• Analysis of urine for diagnostic insights into
urinary tract infections, kidney disease, and
metabolic conditions like diabetes.
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14. Microbiological Tests
• Culture tests, sensitivity testing for infection
diagnosis and treatment planning.
• Use of gram staining in identifying bacteria.
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15. Immunological Tests
• Tests for autoimmune diseases, allergies, and
immune status.
• Examples include rheumatoid factor, ANA,
and allergy panels.
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16. Endocrine Tests
• Hormonal tests for diagnosing endocrine
disorders.
• Examples: Insulin, cortisol, and sex hormone
levels.
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17. Tumor Markers
• Specific markers for identifying and
monitoring various cancers.
• Examples: PSA (prostate cancer), CA-125
(ovarian cancer).
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18. Drug Monitoring
• Monitoring therapeutic drug levels and
detecting drug abuse.
• Importance in managing drug therapy and
compliance.
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19. Methodologies in Laboratory Testing
• Overview of lab techniques:
spectrophotometry, immunoassays, PCR.
• Importance of methodology in test accuracy
and reliability.
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20. Sample Collection and Handling
• Proper procedures for sample collection,
handling, and processing.
• Impact on test results' accuracy.
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21. Quality Control in Laboratory Testing
• Internal and external quality controls for
reliable results.
• Importance of standardization in lab testing.
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22. Interpreting Lab Results
• Understanding reference ranges and the
significance of results outside these ranges.
• The role of clinical context in interpretation.
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23. Case Studies
• Detailed patient scenarios highlighting the
clinical application of routine lab tests.
• Discussion of test selection, results
interpretation, and clinical decision-making.
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24. Challenges in Laboratory Medicine
• Common issues: pre-analytical, analytical,
post-analytical errors.
• Strategies for minimizing errors and improving
outcomes.
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25. The Future of Laboratory Testing
• Trends: automation, artificial intelligence,
personalized medicine.
• Potential impacts on efficiency, accuracy, and
patient care.
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26. Improving Patient Outcomes
• Role of routine testing in early diagnosis,
treatment monitoring, and enhancing treatment
efficacy.
• Case examples demonstrating impact on
patient health.
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27. Ethical Considerations
• Ethical issues: informed consent,
confidentiality, and data protection in lab
testing.
• Balancing technological advancements with
ethical responsibilities.
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28. Summary
• Recap of major points: types of tests,
methodologies, quality control, future
directions.
• Reemphasize the importance of lab testing in
patient care.
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29. Slide 30: Q&A
• Invite audience questions.
• Provide clarifications and additional insights
based on audience interest.
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