Intellectual Property Rights In India: Patents Trademarks And Copyrights JRA & Associates
Intellectual property (IP) refers to creations of the mind, such as inventions; literary and artistic works; designs; and symbols, names and images used in commerce.
IP is protected in law by, for example, patents, copyright and trademarks, which enable people to earn recognition or financial benefit from what they invent or create. By striking the right balance between the interests of innovators and the wider public interest, the IP system aims to foster an environment in which creativity and innovation can flourish.
Let us try and understand the basics of these intellectual property rights, how they can be applied for in India and understand how and why they are litigated so fiercely.
Intellectual Property Rights In India: Patents Trademarks And Copyrights JRA & Associates
Intellectual property (IP) refers to creations of the mind, such as inventions; literary and artistic works; designs; and symbols, names and images used in commerce.
IP is protected in law by, for example, patents, copyright and trademarks, which enable people to earn recognition or financial benefit from what they invent or create. By striking the right balance between the interests of innovators and the wider public interest, the IP system aims to foster an environment in which creativity and innovation can flourish.
Let us try and understand the basics of these intellectual property rights, how they can be applied for in India and understand how and why they are litigated so fiercely.
“The Harlot’s Progress”: Bell’s Life in London and the Birth of the British ...Dr Ernesto Priego
A slideshow for my 8-minute presentation at the London Lives Unconference, University of Hertfordshire, UK, 5 July 2010
http://londonlives18th.wordpress.com/2010/05/05/conference-programme/
1 Week 1 Visual Culture in the Western World Th.docxjeremylockett77
1
Week 1
Visual Culture in the Western World
The Idea of Cinema
-Fascination with images can be traced back to
Plato (The Republic) in the parable of “The Cave”
Plato raises the danger of being
complacent with the illusion of the image
The dangers of an uncritical
understanding of the image
-The period of Enlightenment:
scientific studies and machinations are developed
to “capture, project and record images.
-17th century:
Athanasius Kircher (1601-1680)
developed the “catoptric lamp.”
German-born Jesuit priest and scientist whose
book Ars magna lucis et umbrae diagramed the
outlines for his reflecting optic machine.
Did not invent the “magic lantern”
He projected and reflected images on the wall
Encouraged scientific explanation to his spectators
so as to demythify images as some sort of magic
or ghostly apparition.
He emphasised that these images were not magic,
but “art.”
The Magic Lantern—17th Century
2
1659—Christiaan Huygens develops the “lanterne
magique”
1664—Thomas Walgensten developed a similar
apparatus in Paris
Unlike Kircher who used sunlight to reflect the
image Huygens and Walgensten used an artificial
light source
Walgensten traveled through Europe with the
“lanterne magique” (Lyons, Rome, and
Copenhagen)
The people who saw the lanterne magique were
initially royalty in these cities
By the end of the century the lantern shows were
exhibited in more popular culture venues such as
fairs and carnivals
18th and 19th CENTURIES
1740— X. Theodore Barber demonstrates the
“Magick Lanthorn” in Philadelphia, New York, and
Boston.
Venues such as private homes and coffee houses
were the favored sites for these exhibitions.
France, however, was where these lantern shows
first gained commercial popularity at the beginning
of the 19th century.
3
Etienne Gaspars Robertson
“Fantasmagorie” capitalized on superstitions and
religious fears
Invoked the “spirits” of Rousseau and Voltaire
It was a theater of apparitions.
Unlike Kirhcer, Robertson did not tell his audiences
that the “Fantasmagorie” was a technological
spectacle
Like contemporary theater and film, Robertson
maintained the illusion of the image
-It was an extremely complicated production to
put on - images size and intensity of light had to
be continuously managed
The Fantasmagorie was internationally popular.
Each traveling show was uniquely packaged
usually attended by an adult urban middle-class
audience.
1803—Barber presented the French Fantasmagoria
in New York
1803—Showmen Bologna and Thomlinson
exhibited the Fantasmagoria in London
Americans saw the ghost of Benjamin Franklin
and exotic figures like the “Egyptian Pygmy Doll”
4
There was sound with these presentations—
ghost’s voices, music
Ticket prices were approximately US$1.
1830
Photography and the Stereopticon
The difference between t ...
Hygiene and food safety are the basic requirement to run or start up a commercial kitchen. In this PPT you will the dos and the donts of the hygiene management.
According to the rules of HACCP these rules are mandatory so be careful.
And be safe.
Fond of wines? want to trace back the history of wines?
This ppt covers the details of the wines from New Zealand. The viniculture and viticulture process. The old and New World wines.
More Related Content
Similar to Rogers vs koons and Jk Rowling defamation case
“The Harlot’s Progress”: Bell’s Life in London and the Birth of the British ...Dr Ernesto Priego
A slideshow for my 8-minute presentation at the London Lives Unconference, University of Hertfordshire, UK, 5 July 2010
http://londonlives18th.wordpress.com/2010/05/05/conference-programme/
1 Week 1 Visual Culture in the Western World Th.docxjeremylockett77
1
Week 1
Visual Culture in the Western World
The Idea of Cinema
-Fascination with images can be traced back to
Plato (The Republic) in the parable of “The Cave”
Plato raises the danger of being
complacent with the illusion of the image
The dangers of an uncritical
understanding of the image
-The period of Enlightenment:
scientific studies and machinations are developed
to “capture, project and record images.
-17th century:
Athanasius Kircher (1601-1680)
developed the “catoptric lamp.”
German-born Jesuit priest and scientist whose
book Ars magna lucis et umbrae diagramed the
outlines for his reflecting optic machine.
Did not invent the “magic lantern”
He projected and reflected images on the wall
Encouraged scientific explanation to his spectators
so as to demythify images as some sort of magic
or ghostly apparition.
He emphasised that these images were not magic,
but “art.”
The Magic Lantern—17th Century
2
1659—Christiaan Huygens develops the “lanterne
magique”
1664—Thomas Walgensten developed a similar
apparatus in Paris
Unlike Kircher who used sunlight to reflect the
image Huygens and Walgensten used an artificial
light source
Walgensten traveled through Europe with the
“lanterne magique” (Lyons, Rome, and
Copenhagen)
The people who saw the lanterne magique were
initially royalty in these cities
By the end of the century the lantern shows were
exhibited in more popular culture venues such as
fairs and carnivals
18th and 19th CENTURIES
1740— X. Theodore Barber demonstrates the
“Magick Lanthorn” in Philadelphia, New York, and
Boston.
Venues such as private homes and coffee houses
were the favored sites for these exhibitions.
France, however, was where these lantern shows
first gained commercial popularity at the beginning
of the 19th century.
3
Etienne Gaspars Robertson
“Fantasmagorie” capitalized on superstitions and
religious fears
Invoked the “spirits” of Rousseau and Voltaire
It was a theater of apparitions.
Unlike Kirhcer, Robertson did not tell his audiences
that the “Fantasmagorie” was a technological
spectacle
Like contemporary theater and film, Robertson
maintained the illusion of the image
-It was an extremely complicated production to
put on - images size and intensity of light had to
be continuously managed
The Fantasmagorie was internationally popular.
Each traveling show was uniquely packaged
usually attended by an adult urban middle-class
audience.
1803—Barber presented the French Fantasmagoria
in New York
1803—Showmen Bologna and Thomlinson
exhibited the Fantasmagoria in London
Americans saw the ghost of Benjamin Franklin
and exotic figures like the “Egyptian Pygmy Doll”
4
There was sound with these presentations—
ghost’s voices, music
Ticket prices were approximately US$1.
1830
Photography and the Stereopticon
The difference between t ...
Hygiene and food safety are the basic requirement to run or start up a commercial kitchen. In this PPT you will the dos and the donts of the hygiene management.
According to the rules of HACCP these rules are mandatory so be careful.
And be safe.
Fond of wines? want to trace back the history of wines?
This ppt covers the details of the wines from New Zealand. The viniculture and viticulture process. The old and New World wines.
How media effects culture and how culture affectsBhavisha Jangid
media affects common people in various ways. media has influenced and become a essential part of our life. let us find out it effects our popular culture and trend
03062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
‘वोटर्स विल मस्ट प्रीवेल’ (मतदाताओं को जीतना होगा) अभियान द्वारा जारी हेल्पलाइन नंबर, 4 जून को सुबह 7 बजे से दोपहर 12 बजे तक मतगणना प्रक्रिया में कहीं भी किसी भी तरह के उल्लंघन की रिपोर्ट करने के लिए खुला रहेगा।
Here is Gabe Whitley's response to my defamation lawsuit for him calling me a rapist and perjurer in court documents.
You have to read it to believe it, but after you read it, you won't believe it. And I included eight examples of defamatory statements/
El Puerto de Algeciras continúa un año más como el más eficiente del continente europeo y vuelve a situarse en el “top ten” mundial, según el informe The Container Port Performance Index 2023 (CPPI), elaborado por el Banco Mundial y la consultora S&P Global.
El informe CPPI utiliza dos enfoques metodológicos diferentes para calcular la clasificación del índice: uno administrativo o técnico y otro estadístico, basado en análisis factorial (FA). Según los autores, esta dualidad pretende asegurar una clasificación que refleje con precisión el rendimiento real del puerto, a la vez que sea estadísticamente sólida. En esta edición del informe CPPI 2023, se han empleado los mismos enfoques metodológicos y se ha aplicado un método de agregación de clasificaciones para combinar los resultados de ambos enfoques y obtener una clasificación agregada.
An astonishing, first-of-its-kind, report by the NYT assessing damage in Ukraine. Even if the war ends tomorrow, in many places there will be nothing to go back to.
04062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
01062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
3. Art Rogers
Art Rogers who is a professional photographer
Black-and white photo of a man and woman sitting on a bench
holding 8 puppies called “Puppies”
Photograph used on various greeting cards and other
generic merchandise.
5. Jeff koons
One of the most important living contemporary artists
Found the postcard
Made a sculpture based on the photograph
Jeff Koons created his work of art in 1988
Entitled it String of Puppies
7. The case : copyrights infringement
The resemblance between the photograph and the sculpture
There are some subtle differences found
The case of the exaggerated noses of the puppies and some
other added elements such as the flowers behind the woman’s
ears
Koons sold three editions for a total of $367,000
May 1989, Rogers came acroos Koons sculpture on the front
page of the Los Angeles Times’ Sunday calendar section
8.
Sue Jeff Koons and the gallery that represented him during
that time i.e. Sonnabend Gallery.
Koons did not deny that he copied the photograph
He claimed that it was fair use by parody.
Parody is defined as the humorous form of social commentary
and literary criticism in which one work imitates another.
9. Procedure
Rogers brought suit against Koons in the United States District Court for the Southern
District of New York
Alleging copyright infringement and unfair competition under § 43(a) of the Lanham
Act and under state law.
District court limited Rogers' motion to the copyright infringement claim.
The court entered a permanent injunction enjoining Koons and Sonnabend Gallery
from making, selling, lending or displaying any copies of, or derivative works based
on, "Puppies,"
Defendants to deliver all infringing articles to plaintiff within 20 days, including the
fourth or artist's copy of "String of Puppies."
12.
Harry Potter author J.K. Rowling is suing the Daily Mail
published an article in September
How JK Rowling’s sob story about her past as a single mother has left the
churchgoers who cared for her upset and bewildered- online
“How JK Rowling’s sob story about her single mother past has surprised
and confused the church members who cared for her” in print.
The article related to a recent piece Rowling had written for a charity
website about the struggles faced by single parents.
This case comes at an interesting time legally, as libel laws in the UK
have recently changed.
14.
Allegation complained of self-evidently of a serious nature
False picture of the claimant’s article on the Gingerbread website
As the defendant’s journalist must have known the claimant had not accused her
fellow churchgoers of ‘stigmatising’ or ‘cruelly taunting’ her.
She had referred to a single occasion involving a woman who had visited the
church one day whilst she was working there.
There was thus no basis in fact for the central premise of the article.