Rigging and slinging presentation

1. Rigging and
Slinging
Training
1
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House Rules:
 Fire alarm/exits
 Toilets
 Smoking
 Drinks
 Breaks
 Lunch
 Questions
 Talking over others.
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As a courtesy to others
please set your phone to
SILENT MODE.
House Rules:
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4. CRANES, SLINGS & YOU
They can do a lot of work
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5. They can do a lot of damage
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6. Altered Cranes
• Cranes that have been altered or repaired must be
inspected and tested.
• If load sustaining parts are altered or repaired, a load
test should be conducted to verify the rated load
capacity of the crane.
• Report issued by a qualified person and kept on file.
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7. Load Testing
• When load testing, the test load
cannot exceed 125 percent of the
rated load.
• Hoists & cranes should be operated
a number of times at various
positions.
• Report issued by testing
organization giving the conditions
under which system was load
tested.
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8. Preventive Maintenance
1. Clean & lube wire rope & chain
2. Adjusting brakes
3. Checking & filling gear cases levels
4. Replacing any contaminated oils
5. Lube bearings, gears, pinions, linkages, & shafts
6. Adjusting operation of limit switches
7. Clean & replace pitted/burned electrical contacts
8. Cleaning or replacing air & fluid filters
9. Inspecting all controls & warning systems
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9. General Pre-Op Test
1. Disconnects are known before any test
2. Get help if you’re not familiar with the cranes
3. Follow manufacturers recommendations
4. Follow Checklist
5. Inspect electrical controls
6. Check for obstructions in crane’s travel path
7. Test proper operation of controls
8. Observe for smooth operation of components
9. Never unwind spool completely
10.Check upper & lower limit switches
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10. Hook Pre-op Test
1. Replace if deformed or cracked
2. Check for proper function of safety latch
3. Inspect for twists from plane of unbent hook
4. Check for proper swivel
5. Hook repair is not recommended
6. Emergency hook repair must be performed only under
competent supervision
7. After any hook repairs, hook must be load tested before
being returned to normal service
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11. Rope Pre-op Test
1. Reduction in rope diameter
2. Broken or worn outside wires
3. Corroded or broken wires at end of connections
4. Severe kinking, crushing, cutting or un-stranding
5. Corroded, cracked, bent, worn, or improperly applied
end connections
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12. Lockout-Tagout
1. Review individual crane requirements
2. Integrate lockout & maintenance
requirements
3. Lockout-tagout training
4. Written program established &
reviewed
5. Ask manufacturer for lockout device
recommendations
6. Devices not always interchangeable
between different cranes
LOCKED
OUT
This Lock/Tag may
only be removed by
NAME: __________
DEPT : __________
COMPLETION
DATE: ___________
TIME: ____________
DON’T OPERATE
DANGER
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13. General Safety
Procedures
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14. Crane Safety Basics
Never allow a co-worker
between a fixed object
and a load! 2
TON
DANGER
WORKING
CRANES
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15. The feeder was
lowered to the ground,
resting in an unsecured
position. The feeder
rolled on its side,
pinning the victim
against the wall of an
adjacent control booth.
Fatalgram
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16. Example:
The employee was in the process of loading a
conveyor onto the trailer of his truck using the
truck's crane. The cable attached to the conveyor
slipped off the hook of the crane causing the
conveyor to bounce off the trailer and crush the
victim who was standing between the crane and the
trailer. He died from crushing injuries.
Fatalgram
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17. Know the safe travel
radius of the crane.
Contact with
electrical sources or
other hazards can
result in catastrophic
consequences.
Safe Working Radius
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18. Load Chart
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19. • Even when properly trained, equipment properly
maintained, & employees work in a safe manner,
accidents can still occur because crane operations
are dependent on mechanical devices that can
fail.
• The results can be catastrophic.
• You are the only controlling influence that can
minimize the hazard. Your life literally is in your
own hands!
Crane Safety Basics
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20. 1. No history of unsafe acts in workplace
2. Mature & safe attitude
3. Ability to react quickly in an emergency
4. Drug & alcohol free
5. Good depth perception
6. Good hearing and vision
7. Thoroughly trained
8. Understand lift requirements
9. No medication that will interfere with operation
Operator Requirements
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21. Safe Practices
1. Test controls & brakes at start of shift
2. Don’t operate unsafe cranes or hoists
3. Test brakes by a short lift to ensure control
4. Move loads only after being signaled by designated,
qualified signaler
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22. 5. Never carry loads over anyone.
6. Never carry loads past anyone.
7. Signalers in line-of-sight of operator.
8. No riders on loads or hooks.
9. No unauthorized person operating crane.
10. Lockout before maintenance or repairs.
11. Frequently inspect cranes.
Safe Practices
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23. 12. Hook directly over load before lifting
13. Document & maintain inspection records
14. Check warning devices & signals
15. Signalers must watch load
16. Operators must watch signalers
17. Know travel path in advance of lift
18. Know where to set down load
Safe Practices
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24. 1. Only one person is designated signaler
2. Maintain line-of-sight with operator
3. Operator acknowledges every signal
4. Stop operation if comprehension is lost
5. Operators must watch signalers
6. Plan in advance where load is going
7. Will new location will support the weight
Signaler Safe Practices
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25. 1. Raise hooks to limit switches
2. Place controls in “off” position
3. Place main power switch in “off” position
4. Visual check for dangerous conditions
5. Report defects immediately
6. Tagout defective equipment immediately
7. Report cranes not in operation
8. Follow manufacturer’s recommendations.
Leaving or Parking
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26. 1. Size, weight, & center of gravity of load
2. Number of sling legs
3. Angle sling makes with horizontal line
4. Rated capacity of sling
5. History of care & usage of sling
Lifting Factors
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27. 1. Crane hook must be directly above center of
gravity
2. If crane hook is too far to one side of center of
gravity, dangerous tilting and unequal stress to
sling leg will result
Size, Weight, & Center
of Gravity
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28. 1. Rated capacity varies depending upon type of
sling, size of sling, & type of hitch
2. Consult with manufacturer
3. Older slings must be used with additional
caution
4. Sling charts based on new sling usage.
Capacity of Sling
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29. 1. Mishandling & misuse of slings are leading
cause of sling-related accidents.
2. Proper care essential for maximum service &
safety.
3. Always protect slings with cover saddles,
burlap padding or wood blocking to prevent
sharp bends & cutting edges.
Care & Usage
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30. 1. Use a Dynamometer
2. Check shipping papers
3. Check nomenclature plates
4. Use industry standard tables or charts
5. Consult equipment manufacturer
6. Estimate using weights of similar loads
7. Never lift based on a guess
8. Stay within 50% of cranes rated capacity when
estimating loads
Estimating Load Weight
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31. 1. Chains
2. Wire Rope
3. Fiber Rope
4. Synthetic Web
5. Cargo Nets.
Rigging & Slings
Each type has
advantages and
disadvantages!
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32. Chain Sling
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33. Wire Rope Sling
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34. Fiber Rope
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35. Synthetic Web Sling
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36. Cargo Nets
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37. Consult with manufacturer concerning
load capacities, usage methods,
restrictions and other pertinent data for
specific types of slings
Rigging & Slings
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38. 1. Never load in excess of rated capacity
2. Never use a damaged sling
3. Never pull sling from a suspended load
4. Never shorten with knots
5. Suspended loads clear of everyone
6. Suspended loads clear of obstructions
7. Hands & fingers clear of loads
8. Protect slings from sharp edges of load
9. Think before you affect a load.
Rules for Slings
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39. Remove from service if:
Wire Rope Inspection
1. 10 distributed broken wires
2. Five broken wires on one strand
3. Kinking, crushing, or bird caging
4. Evidence of heat damage
5. End attachments cracked, deformed,
or worn
6. Hooks opened > 15% of the normal
throat opening or twisted > 10%
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40. Remove from service if:
1. Defective or questionable welds
2. Bending or elongation of chain links
3. Cracked or deformed links
4. Missing or removed identification tags
5. End attachments cracked, deformed, worn
6. Other suspected unsafe conditions
Chain Inspection
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41. Remove from service if:
1. Acid or caustic burns
2. Age deterioration (drying/cracking).
3. Melting or charring of sling surface.
4. Snags, tears or cuts exposure of colored
thread.
5. Missing or removed identification tags.
6. Other suspected unsafe conditions.
Web Sling Inspection
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42. 1. Clean sling
2. Check for damage
3. Follow proper storage rules
4. Leave in good condition for next lift
5. Report damaged or defective slings
6. Follow proper disposal or
replacement procedures
After The Lift
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43. 1. Dry environment, out of sunlight
2. Off floor or ground
3. Hung from hooks to prevent tangling and easy
access
4. Away from electrical sources
5. By type - don’t mix steel chain slings with
synthetics
6. In a controlled area
Slings Storage
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44. Consult with the sling manufacturer
concerning how sling angles affect load
capacities for different types of slings.
Sling Angles
1000lb 1000lb 1000lb
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45. 1. Angle of sling affects sling load capacity
2. Greater sling angle, greater stress
3. Multiple sling affects load capacity
4. Type of sling used is a factor
5. Consult with manufacturer for proper usage.
1000lb 1000lb 1000lb
Sling Angles
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46. Two Slings
The use of two
slings, each
supporting the
same amount of
weight and
having the same
support angle
results in equal
distribution of the
load weight.
500lbs 500lbs
1000lb
0 Angle
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47. Sling Angle
With Vertical
Stresses Per Sling Leg
1000 lbs Total Load
0 500
5 502
10 508
15 518
20 532
25 552
30 577
35 610
40 653
45 707
50 778
55 872
60 1000
80 2880
1000lb
30
577lbs 577lbs
30 Angle
Sling Angles
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48. 1000lb
707lbs 707lbs
45 Angle
1000lbs 1000lbs
1000lb
60 Angle
Sling Angles
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49. B
A
1. Measure the distance on one sling for the same number
of units as the capacity of the sling in tons (Distance A).
2. Measure the vertical distance from the point located in to
the load in tons. (Distance B).
3. The number of units in this vertical distance (B) is the
working load for the sling.
Sling Angles
The carrying capacity decreases as the spread between the
slings increases. To determine the capacity of each sling in a
bridle hitch:
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50. B
A
A = 2 ft. (or any unit) (2 Ton Sling Capacity)
B = 1.5 ft.
Working Capacity of Each Sling = 1.5 Tons
Note: The individual sling capacity must be more
than half of the total load weight
Sling Angles
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51. Protecting Slings
Protect slings
against sharp
edges
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52. HAND SIGNALS
Hoist load:
1. Forearm vertical
2. Forefinger pointing up
3. Move hand in small
horizontal circular motion
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53. Lower load:
1. Arm downward
2. Forefinger pointing
down
3. Move hand in small
horizontal circular
motion
HAND SIGNALS
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54. Boom Travel:
1. Arm extended forward
2. Hand open and slightly
raised
3. Make pushing motion in
the direction of travel
HAND SIGNALS
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55. Stop:
1. Arm extended
2. Palm down
3. Move arm sideways,
rapidly back & forth
HAND SIGNALS
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56. Emergency stop:
1. Both arms extended
2. Palms down
3. Move both arms
sideways rapidly
back & forth
HAND SIGNALS
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57. Protective Equipment
1. Appropriate for the particular hazards
2. Maintained in good condition
3. Properly stored when not in use
4. Kept clean, fully functional, and sanitary
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THANK YOU FOR
STAYING ALERT, AWARE
AND PROACTIVE!!