This document summarizes the procedures for responding to a civil complaint filed in Kansas state court. It addresses the timeline for filing a response, options for extending the deadline, and types of allowable responses such as an answer, motion to dismiss, or motion for a more definite statement. It provides details on filing pre-answer motions and the procedures that apply, including requirements for papers, the plaintiff's response, optional reply, and whether oral argument or discovery are stayed pending the decision. If a pre-answer motion is denied, the defendant must file a response within 14 days.
The document summarizes the statutes of limitation for various commercial claims under Kansas law, including:
- The statute of limitations is 3 years for account stated and antitrust claims, 5 years for express contracts, 3 years for oral contracts, 4 years for UCC breach of contract claims, and 2 years for breach of fiduciary duty, conversion, and fraud claims.
- The limitations period begins at the time of the breach for most contract and commercial claims, and when the injury becomes reasonably ascertainable for tort claims like conversion and fraud. Discovery rules and tolling may also apply to determine accrual date in some cases.
CONTEMPORNEA EXPOSITIO EXTERNAL AID TO INTERPRETATIONShreya Chaurasia
Interpretation means the art of finding out the true sense of an enactment by giving the words of the enactment their natural and ordinary meaning.
It is the process of ascertaining the true meaning of the words used in a statute.
The Court is not expected to interpret arbitrarily and therefore there have been certain principles which have evolved out of the continuous exercise by the Courts. These principles are sometimes called ‘rules of interpretation’.
The object of interpretation of statutes is to determine the intention of the legislature conveyed expressly or impliedly in the language used.
Contempornea Expositio means that the meaning of words in a document are to be understood in the sense which they bore at the time of the document.
Contemporaneous exposition is the best and strongest in law. It is said that the best exposition of a statute or any other document is that which it has received from contemporary authority.
Contemporanea expositio est optima means usage or practice developed under a statute is indicative of the meaning ascribed to its words by contemporary opinion.
External Aid includes Historical Background,The original bill drafted and introduced,Legal Dictionaries,Debates in the Legislature,Judicial Construction etc.
Injuria sine Damnum or Damnum sine Injuria.pptxanandrickyduke
This document discusses the legal concepts of injuria sine damno and damnum sine injuria. Injuria sine damno refers to an infringement of a legal right without actual loss or damage, such as when a qualified voter is denied their right to vote. Damnum sine injuria refers to damage caused without violation of a legal right, such as when a teacher opens their own competing school and students transfer from the plaintiff's school. The document provides examples of cases where these concepts were applied, such as denying a bank customer access to their funds being injuria sine damno, and draining water from one's land via a well being damnum sine injuria.
Bail and Personal Bond Application - Suma SebastianNaveen Bhartiya
The document discusses bail and personal bonds in Indian law. It provides definitions of bail and personal bond and outlines the relevant provisions in the Indian Criminal Procedure Code. It discusses how the legal system of bail has been implemented in India, noting statistics that 67% of prisoners are under-trial and unable to furnish bail bonds. The role of judges like Justice Krishna Iyer in establishing bail as a fundamental right and pushing for greater use of personal bonds over monetary bonds is examined through key cases. Overall the implementation of bail provisions is seen as incomplete and not satisfying the spirit of the constitution.
- Recurso Especial em Agravo de Instrumento, elaborado recentemente pelo Office Peças Processuais. Peça Master disponibilizada gratuitamente para demonstração dos trabalhos feitos pelo Escritório Virtual Peças Processuais.
The document provides an overview of key definitions and concepts from the Code of Civil Procedure in India across 5 units.
Unit I defines key terms like decree, suit of civil nature, and jurisdiction of courts. It notes a decree can be preliminary, final, or partly preliminary and partly final. A preliminary decree requires further steps, while a final decree completely resolves a suit.
The document outlines the structure of the Code of Civil Procedure and provides definitions of important terms from Section 2 like plaintiff, defendant, suit, and decree. It distinguishes decrees from orders.
This document outlines the Pakistan WAPDA Employees (Restriction on Marriages with Foreign Nationals) Rules from 1965. It defines key terms and establishes that WAPDA employees are prohibited from marrying foreign nationals unless they obtain prior permission from the authority. The rules were later amended in 2011 to allow employees to marry foreign nationals of any country recognized by the federal government with permission. It shares communications sent to remind employees to comply with these marriage rules and restrictions.
Preliminary decree for partition (article)arjun randhir
1. A preliminary decree in a partition suit only decides the rights and shares of the parties. Equities are adjusted in the final decree after considering a tentative partition scheme.
2. For agricultural lands assessed to revenue, the civil court only declares parties' shares and the authority concerned effects the actual partition by boundaries.
3. Where a preliminary decree relates to agricultural land, the court directs partition to be made by the Collector according to the rights declared and provisions of Section 54 of the Code of Civil Procedure.
The document summarizes the statutes of limitation for various commercial claims under Kansas law, including:
- The statute of limitations is 3 years for account stated and antitrust claims, 5 years for express contracts, 3 years for oral contracts, 4 years for UCC breach of contract claims, and 2 years for breach of fiduciary duty, conversion, and fraud claims.
- The limitations period begins at the time of the breach for most contract and commercial claims, and when the injury becomes reasonably ascertainable for tort claims like conversion and fraud. Discovery rules and tolling may also apply to determine accrual date in some cases.
CONTEMPORNEA EXPOSITIO EXTERNAL AID TO INTERPRETATIONShreya Chaurasia
Interpretation means the art of finding out the true sense of an enactment by giving the words of the enactment their natural and ordinary meaning.
It is the process of ascertaining the true meaning of the words used in a statute.
The Court is not expected to interpret arbitrarily and therefore there have been certain principles which have evolved out of the continuous exercise by the Courts. These principles are sometimes called ‘rules of interpretation’.
The object of interpretation of statutes is to determine the intention of the legislature conveyed expressly or impliedly in the language used.
Contempornea Expositio means that the meaning of words in a document are to be understood in the sense which they bore at the time of the document.
Contemporaneous exposition is the best and strongest in law. It is said that the best exposition of a statute or any other document is that which it has received from contemporary authority.
Contemporanea expositio est optima means usage or practice developed under a statute is indicative of the meaning ascribed to its words by contemporary opinion.
External Aid includes Historical Background,The original bill drafted and introduced,Legal Dictionaries,Debates in the Legislature,Judicial Construction etc.
Injuria sine Damnum or Damnum sine Injuria.pptxanandrickyduke
This document discusses the legal concepts of injuria sine damno and damnum sine injuria. Injuria sine damno refers to an infringement of a legal right without actual loss or damage, such as when a qualified voter is denied their right to vote. Damnum sine injuria refers to damage caused without violation of a legal right, such as when a teacher opens their own competing school and students transfer from the plaintiff's school. The document provides examples of cases where these concepts were applied, such as denying a bank customer access to their funds being injuria sine damno, and draining water from one's land via a well being damnum sine injuria.
Bail and Personal Bond Application - Suma SebastianNaveen Bhartiya
The document discusses bail and personal bonds in Indian law. It provides definitions of bail and personal bond and outlines the relevant provisions in the Indian Criminal Procedure Code. It discusses how the legal system of bail has been implemented in India, noting statistics that 67% of prisoners are under-trial and unable to furnish bail bonds. The role of judges like Justice Krishna Iyer in establishing bail as a fundamental right and pushing for greater use of personal bonds over monetary bonds is examined through key cases. Overall the implementation of bail provisions is seen as incomplete and not satisfying the spirit of the constitution.
- Recurso Especial em Agravo de Instrumento, elaborado recentemente pelo Office Peças Processuais. Peça Master disponibilizada gratuitamente para demonstração dos trabalhos feitos pelo Escritório Virtual Peças Processuais.
The document provides an overview of key definitions and concepts from the Code of Civil Procedure in India across 5 units.
Unit I defines key terms like decree, suit of civil nature, and jurisdiction of courts. It notes a decree can be preliminary, final, or partly preliminary and partly final. A preliminary decree requires further steps, while a final decree completely resolves a suit.
The document outlines the structure of the Code of Civil Procedure and provides definitions of important terms from Section 2 like plaintiff, defendant, suit, and decree. It distinguishes decrees from orders.
This document outlines the Pakistan WAPDA Employees (Restriction on Marriages with Foreign Nationals) Rules from 1965. It defines key terms and establishes that WAPDA employees are prohibited from marrying foreign nationals unless they obtain prior permission from the authority. The rules were later amended in 2011 to allow employees to marry foreign nationals of any country recognized by the federal government with permission. It shares communications sent to remind employees to comply with these marriage rules and restrictions.
Preliminary decree for partition (article)arjun randhir
1. A preliminary decree in a partition suit only decides the rights and shares of the parties. Equities are adjusted in the final decree after considering a tentative partition scheme.
2. For agricultural lands assessed to revenue, the civil court only declares parties' shares and the authority concerned effects the actual partition by boundaries.
3. Where a preliminary decree relates to agricultural land, the court directs partition to be made by the Collector according to the rights declared and provisions of Section 54 of the Code of Civil Procedure.
These slides contain the introduction of the Civil Procedure Code and other important Sections, Orders and Rules. Associate and beginners of the law need knowhow about CPC and procedures of the courts.
This document provides an introduction to the Law of Equity and Trust at Kalinga University. It discusses that Equity developed as a separate system from Common Law to provide fair remedies that Common Law did not. The Court of Chancery was established to handle cases not covered by Common Law writs. The key principles of Equity include that where there is a right, there must be a remedy; Equity follows but also overrides law when needed; those seeking Equity must do Equity themselves; unreasonable delay can defeat a claim; and Equity looks at intent over rigid legal form.
1. Jagannath Prasad was initially recorded as the khatedar of the land after it was allotted to him. He later sold portions of the land to others and they were recorded as khatedars. As the original allottee, Jagannath Prasad had rights as a malik under the relevant acts.
2. There was no condition that the land would revert if an orchard was not developed. The allotment to Jagannath Prasad and subsequent transactions were valid.
3. The appeal to the Board of Revenue challenging orders related to cancelling entries was not maintainable as the issue of khatedari rights had already been decided in favor of the appellants in an earlier court case.
This document discusses the doctrines of fixtures and profit a prendre under Indian law. It defines fixtures as things attached to land that become part of the land based on two maxims - whatever is planted in the earth becomes part of the earth, and whatever is built into or attached to the soil becomes part of the land. There are exceptions if there is a contract stating otherwise. Profit a prendre is defined as the right to enter another's land to take something of value, like crops, minerals, or game. It must involve an interest in the land and relate to the produce or profits of the soil. Various cases are used to illustrate what constitutes a fixture or profit a prendre under Indian law.
Maneka Gandhi Vs. Union Of India and Impact on GovernanceBibhu Manik
The Maneka Gandhi case established important precedents that expanded fundamental rights and judicial review in India. It ruled that the Passport Act allowing the impounding of Maneka Gandhi's passport without due process was unconstitutional. The Supreme Court broadened the scope of personal liberty under Article 21, established that any law depriving liberty must conform with Articles 14, 19 and 21, and introduced the principles of natural justice and due process into Indian law. This landmark case expanded judicial activism and paved the way for the development of public interest litigation in India.
Article 13 of the Indian Constitution deals with the supremacy of the Constitution and voidness of laws inconsistent with fundamental rights. It establishes that pre-constitutional laws that are inconsistent with fundamental rights will be void. It also prohibits the state from making any laws that take away or abridge fundamental rights. The article establishes various doctrines related to severability of valid and invalid parts of laws, eclipse of inconsistent laws, and waiver of fundamental rights. It was debated whether constitutional amendments fall under the definition of "law" in Article 13(2) but the supreme court ultimately held that amendments are not laws under this article.
O documento apresenta uma introdução sobre os recursos no processo do trabalho, abordando suas normas aplicáveis, natureza jurídica e pressupostos. Em seguida, descreve os principais recursos trabalhistas como embargos, recurso ordinário, recurso de revista e agravos, explicando seus requisitos, efeitos e tramitação. Por fim, expõe temas relacionados a embargos declaratórios, prequestionamento e agravos de instrumento e regimental.
The document discusses the concept of rule of law in India. It outlines three key elements of the rule of law as propounded by A.V. Dicey: (1) absence of arbitrary power, (2) equality before the law, and (3) the primacy of individual rights enforced by courts. It then notes some exceptions to equality before the law, including legal immunities for the President, Governors, and members of Parliament. Article 31-C is also discussed as an exception that allows laws implementing directive principles to override Article 14's guarantee of equality.
The Anglo-Norwegian Fisheries Case centered around a dispute between the UK and Norway over fishing rights in waters surrounding Norway. Norway claimed exclusive fishing rights based on its system of baselines, while the UK argued this violated international law. The ICJ ultimately ruled in Norway's favor, finding that Norway's baselines and claims of exclusive fishing rights were consistent with international law. Some judges dissented from parts of the ruling. The case established that a state can gain customary fishing rights through long practice accepted by other states.
This summary provides an overview of 3 landmark Supreme Court cases:
1. Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala (1973) established the "basic structure doctrine", holding that the Parliament can amend any part of the Constitution as long as it does not alter the basic structure or framework.
2. Indira Gandhi v. Raj Narain (1975) struck down the 39th Amendment for violating free and fair elections, an essential feature of the basic structure.
3. T.M.A. Pai Foundation v. State of Karnataka (2002) empowered states to fix quotas for minority students while also upholding minority institutions' autonomy in admissions.
The maritime belt refers to the part of the sea under the jurisdiction of coastal states. It extends up to 12 nautical miles from shore, within which the coastal state can exercise sovereignty. Historically, the width of the maritime belt varied depending on the range of cannons, but international agreements in the 20th century standardized it at 12 miles. Within this zone, coastal nations have control over resources and activities as recognized under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.
PRESUMPTIONS UNDER THE INDIAN EVIDENCE ACT, 1872.pptxisha423717
The document summarizes key sections of the Indian Evidence Act related to presumptions. It discusses the definitions of presumption and the different types - presumptions of fact and presumptions of law, which can be rebuttable or irrebuttable. It provides examples and explanations of key sections like Section 4, 105, 111-A, 113-A, 113-B and 114 that deal with presumptions that the court "may presume", "shall presume" or are "conclusive proof". The document analyzes the case laws and essential conditions required to invoke different presumptions under these sections related to abetment of suicide, dowry death, disturbed areas and possession of stolen goods.
The document outlines the framework and functions of Singapore's higher judiciary. It discusses the meaning of judicial power and independence. Key aspects include the structure of the court system, appointment and removal of judges, contempt of court powers, and limits on scandalizing the judiciary.
The second law commission consisting of seven members was appointed in 1853 under the chairmanship of Sir John Romilly. In its second report submitted in 1855, the commission agreed with the first law commission that substantive civil law should be adopted for inhabitants of mofussil areas. The commission expressed that only portions of English law that did not offend native customs and traditions should be adopted. The commission also suggested matters not covered by codified English law be decided based on equity, justice and good conscience. The commission opposed codification of Hindu and Mohammedan personal law.
1. A petição inicial deve conter informações sobre as partes, os fatos alegados, os fundamentos jurídicos e os pedidos feitos.
2. As partes devem ser qualificadas com nome completo, documentos de identidade, profissão e endereço.
3. Deve-se narrar os fatos alegados e fundamentá-los com disposições legais, além de especificar claramente os pedidos feitos.
Right to equality is guaranteed under Article 14 of the Indian Constitution. It provides that the state shall not deny any person equality before the law or equal protection of the laws. Article 14 ensures equality among equals by prohibiting class legislation that discriminates without a reasonable basis. While Article 14 allows reasonable classification, it prohibits discrimination that is arbitrary, artificial, or evasive. Certain exceptions to the right to equality are permitted under the Constitution, such as affirmative action for women, children, Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and other backward classes.
1) Section 438 of the Criminal Procedure Code allows individuals to apply for anticipatory bail if they believe they may be arrested for a non-bailable offense.
2) The High Court or Court of Session has jurisdiction to grant anticipatory bail and may impose conditions to ensure justice and prevent obstruction.
3) Courts have wide discretion in deciding anticipatory bail applications on a case by case basis due to the impossibility of laying down rules for all possible cases.
LLB LAW NOTES ON INTERPRETATION OF STATUTES
FREE AFFIDAVITS AND NOTICES FORMATS
FREE AGREEMENTS AND CONTRACTS FORMATS
FREE LLB LAW NOTES
FREE CA ICWA NOTES
FREE LLB LAW FIRST SEM NOTES
FREE LLB LAW SECOND SEM NOTES
FREE LLB LAW THIRD SEM NOTES
FREE LLB LAW FOURTH SEM NOTES
FREE LLB LAW FIFTH SEM NOTES
FREE LLB LAW SIXTH SEM NOTES
FREE CA ICWA FOUNDATION NOTES
FREE CA ICWA INTERMEDIATE NOTES
FREE CA ICWA FINAL NOTES
KANOON KE RAKHWALE INDIA
HIRE LAWYER ONLINE
LAW FIRMS IN DELHI
CA FIRM DELHI
VISIT : https://www.kanoonkerakhwale.com/
VISIT : https://hirelawyeronline.com/
Este documento presenta conceptos clave sobre la teoría y práctica del color como tono, luminosidad, armonía, saturación, complementariedad y triadas. Explica que el tono se refiere a la longitud de onda dominante del color, la luminosidad a la cantidad de luz emitida o reflejada, y la saturación a la pureza del color. Además, describe las armonías cromáticas, colores complementarios y triadas como herramientas para la combinación de colores.
La animación 2D se logra dando la ilusión de movimiento a imágenes mediante técnicas como el dibujo animado o la animación con recortes. En el dibujo animado, cada fotograma se dibuja a mano y se fotografía para crear la ilusión de movimiento al reproducirlos secuencialmente. La animación en volumen o stop motion anima objetos tridimensionales capturando fotogramas con pequeños cambios de posición entre cada uno para simular el movimiento al reproducirlos.
These slides contain the introduction of the Civil Procedure Code and other important Sections, Orders and Rules. Associate and beginners of the law need knowhow about CPC and procedures of the courts.
This document provides an introduction to the Law of Equity and Trust at Kalinga University. It discusses that Equity developed as a separate system from Common Law to provide fair remedies that Common Law did not. The Court of Chancery was established to handle cases not covered by Common Law writs. The key principles of Equity include that where there is a right, there must be a remedy; Equity follows but also overrides law when needed; those seeking Equity must do Equity themselves; unreasonable delay can defeat a claim; and Equity looks at intent over rigid legal form.
1. Jagannath Prasad was initially recorded as the khatedar of the land after it was allotted to him. He later sold portions of the land to others and they were recorded as khatedars. As the original allottee, Jagannath Prasad had rights as a malik under the relevant acts.
2. There was no condition that the land would revert if an orchard was not developed. The allotment to Jagannath Prasad and subsequent transactions were valid.
3. The appeal to the Board of Revenue challenging orders related to cancelling entries was not maintainable as the issue of khatedari rights had already been decided in favor of the appellants in an earlier court case.
This document discusses the doctrines of fixtures and profit a prendre under Indian law. It defines fixtures as things attached to land that become part of the land based on two maxims - whatever is planted in the earth becomes part of the earth, and whatever is built into or attached to the soil becomes part of the land. There are exceptions if there is a contract stating otherwise. Profit a prendre is defined as the right to enter another's land to take something of value, like crops, minerals, or game. It must involve an interest in the land and relate to the produce or profits of the soil. Various cases are used to illustrate what constitutes a fixture or profit a prendre under Indian law.
Maneka Gandhi Vs. Union Of India and Impact on GovernanceBibhu Manik
The Maneka Gandhi case established important precedents that expanded fundamental rights and judicial review in India. It ruled that the Passport Act allowing the impounding of Maneka Gandhi's passport without due process was unconstitutional. The Supreme Court broadened the scope of personal liberty under Article 21, established that any law depriving liberty must conform with Articles 14, 19 and 21, and introduced the principles of natural justice and due process into Indian law. This landmark case expanded judicial activism and paved the way for the development of public interest litigation in India.
Article 13 of the Indian Constitution deals with the supremacy of the Constitution and voidness of laws inconsistent with fundamental rights. It establishes that pre-constitutional laws that are inconsistent with fundamental rights will be void. It also prohibits the state from making any laws that take away or abridge fundamental rights. The article establishes various doctrines related to severability of valid and invalid parts of laws, eclipse of inconsistent laws, and waiver of fundamental rights. It was debated whether constitutional amendments fall under the definition of "law" in Article 13(2) but the supreme court ultimately held that amendments are not laws under this article.
O documento apresenta uma introdução sobre os recursos no processo do trabalho, abordando suas normas aplicáveis, natureza jurídica e pressupostos. Em seguida, descreve os principais recursos trabalhistas como embargos, recurso ordinário, recurso de revista e agravos, explicando seus requisitos, efeitos e tramitação. Por fim, expõe temas relacionados a embargos declaratórios, prequestionamento e agravos de instrumento e regimental.
The document discusses the concept of rule of law in India. It outlines three key elements of the rule of law as propounded by A.V. Dicey: (1) absence of arbitrary power, (2) equality before the law, and (3) the primacy of individual rights enforced by courts. It then notes some exceptions to equality before the law, including legal immunities for the President, Governors, and members of Parliament. Article 31-C is also discussed as an exception that allows laws implementing directive principles to override Article 14's guarantee of equality.
The Anglo-Norwegian Fisheries Case centered around a dispute between the UK and Norway over fishing rights in waters surrounding Norway. Norway claimed exclusive fishing rights based on its system of baselines, while the UK argued this violated international law. The ICJ ultimately ruled in Norway's favor, finding that Norway's baselines and claims of exclusive fishing rights were consistent with international law. Some judges dissented from parts of the ruling. The case established that a state can gain customary fishing rights through long practice accepted by other states.
This summary provides an overview of 3 landmark Supreme Court cases:
1. Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala (1973) established the "basic structure doctrine", holding that the Parliament can amend any part of the Constitution as long as it does not alter the basic structure or framework.
2. Indira Gandhi v. Raj Narain (1975) struck down the 39th Amendment for violating free and fair elections, an essential feature of the basic structure.
3. T.M.A. Pai Foundation v. State of Karnataka (2002) empowered states to fix quotas for minority students while also upholding minority institutions' autonomy in admissions.
The maritime belt refers to the part of the sea under the jurisdiction of coastal states. It extends up to 12 nautical miles from shore, within which the coastal state can exercise sovereignty. Historically, the width of the maritime belt varied depending on the range of cannons, but international agreements in the 20th century standardized it at 12 miles. Within this zone, coastal nations have control over resources and activities as recognized under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.
PRESUMPTIONS UNDER THE INDIAN EVIDENCE ACT, 1872.pptxisha423717
The document summarizes key sections of the Indian Evidence Act related to presumptions. It discusses the definitions of presumption and the different types - presumptions of fact and presumptions of law, which can be rebuttable or irrebuttable. It provides examples and explanations of key sections like Section 4, 105, 111-A, 113-A, 113-B and 114 that deal with presumptions that the court "may presume", "shall presume" or are "conclusive proof". The document analyzes the case laws and essential conditions required to invoke different presumptions under these sections related to abetment of suicide, dowry death, disturbed areas and possession of stolen goods.
The document outlines the framework and functions of Singapore's higher judiciary. It discusses the meaning of judicial power and independence. Key aspects include the structure of the court system, appointment and removal of judges, contempt of court powers, and limits on scandalizing the judiciary.
The second law commission consisting of seven members was appointed in 1853 under the chairmanship of Sir John Romilly. In its second report submitted in 1855, the commission agreed with the first law commission that substantive civil law should be adopted for inhabitants of mofussil areas. The commission expressed that only portions of English law that did not offend native customs and traditions should be adopted. The commission also suggested matters not covered by codified English law be decided based on equity, justice and good conscience. The commission opposed codification of Hindu and Mohammedan personal law.
1. A petição inicial deve conter informações sobre as partes, os fatos alegados, os fundamentos jurídicos e os pedidos feitos.
2. As partes devem ser qualificadas com nome completo, documentos de identidade, profissão e endereço.
3. Deve-se narrar os fatos alegados e fundamentá-los com disposições legais, além de especificar claramente os pedidos feitos.
Right to equality is guaranteed under Article 14 of the Indian Constitution. It provides that the state shall not deny any person equality before the law or equal protection of the laws. Article 14 ensures equality among equals by prohibiting class legislation that discriminates without a reasonable basis. While Article 14 allows reasonable classification, it prohibits discrimination that is arbitrary, artificial, or evasive. Certain exceptions to the right to equality are permitted under the Constitution, such as affirmative action for women, children, Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and other backward classes.
1) Section 438 of the Criminal Procedure Code allows individuals to apply for anticipatory bail if they believe they may be arrested for a non-bailable offense.
2) The High Court or Court of Session has jurisdiction to grant anticipatory bail and may impose conditions to ensure justice and prevent obstruction.
3) Courts have wide discretion in deciding anticipatory bail applications on a case by case basis due to the impossibility of laying down rules for all possible cases.
LLB LAW NOTES ON INTERPRETATION OF STATUTES
FREE AFFIDAVITS AND NOTICES FORMATS
FREE AGREEMENTS AND CONTRACTS FORMATS
FREE LLB LAW NOTES
FREE CA ICWA NOTES
FREE LLB LAW FIRST SEM NOTES
FREE LLB LAW SECOND SEM NOTES
FREE LLB LAW THIRD SEM NOTES
FREE LLB LAW FOURTH SEM NOTES
FREE LLB LAW FIFTH SEM NOTES
FREE LLB LAW SIXTH SEM NOTES
FREE CA ICWA FOUNDATION NOTES
FREE CA ICWA INTERMEDIATE NOTES
FREE CA ICWA FINAL NOTES
KANOON KE RAKHWALE INDIA
HIRE LAWYER ONLINE
LAW FIRMS IN DELHI
CA FIRM DELHI
VISIT : https://www.kanoonkerakhwale.com/
VISIT : https://hirelawyeronline.com/
Este documento presenta conceptos clave sobre la teoría y práctica del color como tono, luminosidad, armonía, saturación, complementariedad y triadas. Explica que el tono se refiere a la longitud de onda dominante del color, la luminosidad a la cantidad de luz emitida o reflejada, y la saturación a la pureza del color. Además, describe las armonías cromáticas, colores complementarios y triadas como herramientas para la combinación de colores.
La animación 2D se logra dando la ilusión de movimiento a imágenes mediante técnicas como el dibujo animado o la animación con recortes. En el dibujo animado, cada fotograma se dibuja a mano y se fotografía para crear la ilusión de movimiento al reproducirlos secuencialmente. La animación en volumen o stop motion anima objetos tridimensionales capturando fotogramas con pequeños cambios de posición entre cada uno para simular el movimiento al reproducirlos.
El documento describe las ventajas del lápiz como el instrumento de dibujo más manejable debido a su forma, peso y tamaño. Explica que se pueden lograr diferentes tonos desde negro intenso hasta gris suave y trazar líneas finas con lápices de mina blanda o dura, respectivamente. Además, el lápiz se borra fácilmente y no requiere de un pulso excepcional. La goma de borrar de miga de pan es la mejor para dibujar y la marca más común es Milán.
Yousef Asheer introduces himself and provides details about his birthplace, family, interests including fishing and volleyball, skills such as circuit training, and future plans which include getting a job and masters degree. He offers advice to students to not waste time, think before acting, and that no pain no gain. In his closing, he asks if students have any questions and thanks the audience.
Actividad sobre la unidad 3 - Dibujo del conjunto del curso Dibujo de ingeniería - UNAD. Dibujo de un tajalápiz en tres vistas, en la siguiente presentación aparece la imagen real del objeto, el dibujo a mano alzada y el dibujo CAD del tajalápiz y de los elementos que lo componen (cuchilla y tornillo).
El documento describe diferentes instrumentos de dibujo, incluyendo lápices de grafito (que vienen en grados de dureza), lápices de carbón compuesto, carboncillos, sanguinas, plumillas y tinta. Explica que cada instrumento tiene características diferentes en términos de precisión, estabilidad, facilidad de uso y tipo de trazo producido, lo que los hace más adecuados para diferentes tipos de dibujos y técnicas.
This document discusses pencil paintings and contains copyrighted images belonging to the original artist Linda Huber. It provides the name of the artist who created the pencil paintings and notes that all images belong to the original author under applicable copyrights. Background music is provided by Omar Akram.
El documento describe un proyecto realizado por estudiantes del IES Garci Méndez para crear un mural con una frase motivadora sobre la educación y la paz. Los estudiantes votaron por la frase de Nelson Mandela "La educación es el arma más poderosa para cambiar el mundo". Luego diseñaron el fondo y distribución de la frase en el mural de diez paneles. Finalmente, los estudiantes pintaron el mural en la escuela con la frase y un retrato de Mandela.
El documento describe la técnica de la pintura al pastel, incluyendo una breve historia, artistas destacados como Rosalba Carriera, Edgar Degas y Claude Monet, y detalles sobre los materiales como las barras de pigmento y papeles utilizados como soporte. La pintura al pastel se desarrolló como una técnica rápida para el retrato y capturar el movimiento, siendo popular entre los artistas desde el siglo XVII hasta la actualidad.
El documento describe las técnicas y materiales del dibujo artístico. Explica que el dibujo se diferencia de otros tipos de dibujo en que busca transmitir un mensaje personal más allá de los materiales usados. Luego detalla los materiales comunes como lápices, sanguina, pastel y tinta, y las técnicas como dibujo a lápiz, sanguina, pastel y con tinta. Finalmente, menciona algunas aplicaciones del dibujo como la comunicación y la representación de la realidad.
El documento habla sobre el dibujo artístico. Explica que es una forma de expresión gráfica que representa figuras y objetos de manera abstracta o realista. Define los términos clave como dibujante, dibujo, dibujo lineal y la psicología del dibujo artístico. También describe los elementos básicos del dibujo como el apunte, boceto, encajado, línea, valorización y color. Finalmente, detalla diferentes técnicas y materiales para el dibujo artístico.
Este documento presenta el portafolio final de dibujo de Robert Stiven Bello Forero y Dirley Montaño Viuche del grupo 212060_26. El portafolio incluye fotografías tomadas por los estudiantes, dibujos a mano alzada de cada uno, y dibujos CAD en conjunto y despiezados realizados por Robert Bello y Dirley Montaño.
El documento presenta una guía para dibujar el cuerpo humano mediante un método modular fácil de memorizar. Se comienza dibujando una circunferencia para la cabeza y dividiéndola en cuadrantes, donde el radio será el módulo base para las proporciones. Luego se detallan los pasos para dibujar la cabeza, rostro, tórax y extremidades usando líneas verticales y horizontales con divisiones de un tercio del módulo. El objetivo es que los estudiantes puedan dibujar figuras humanas pro
The document summarizes the steps and parts of a watercolor art lesson. It is divided into 3 parts: 1) Practice watercolor techniques, 2) Complete 3 small postcards, 3) Create 2 larger paintings interpreting the same subject realistically and creatively. Examples of professional watercolor paintings are also provided.
Presentación: Introducción al curso de dibujo del natural técnica de grafitoOlga Tahtiana Coq
Este documento presenta las normas y materiales requeridos para el taller de artes visuales. Incluye 11 reglas de conducta como llegar puntualmente, usar el uniforme, participar en clase, y mantener limpio el aula. También describe ejercicios de dibujo con técnicas como grafito, perspectiva y escorzos. Finalmente, lista los materiales necesarios como libretas, lápices, tijeras y una impresora.
The document discusses several artworks and artists, including "Magic Ballet of Liu Yi" by Steve Hanks, a rainy watercolor by Ching Lin Che, "The charm of Paris" works by Thierry Duval, pieces by Arusha Votsmusha including "Boiling fantasy", "Rustic morning" by Christian Fringe, and "Evening calm" by Joseph Zbukvich.
Este documento contiene un tratado del Tomo 3 del Tratado de Ozain con varios cantos dedicados a Ozain para la Ocha (religión yoruba). El tratado incluye 16 secciones con diferentes cantos y coros dedicados a ensalzar a Ozain y otros orishas como Elegguá y Orunmila. Los cantos se usan para abrir el ritual de Ozain y echar agua como parte del ritual de limpieza.
Este documento describe los fundamentos del dibujo artístico. Explica que el dibujo permite representar formas a través de líneas y sombras, y define los materiales básicos como lápices, papel y otros útiles. También describe los pasos del proceso de dibujo, incluyendo la observación, el encajado, el trazado de detalles y el sombreado.
Este documento presenta la unidad 3 de representación de formas del departamento de dibujo para 4o de ESO. La unidad se centra en el análisis y representación de formas a través de la línea y diferentes técnicas como la representación icónica, abstracta y técnica. Se estudiarán conceptos como la estructura, proporción y comparación de formas así como su representación en obras de arte.
El documento explica los conceptos de escala de dibujo, reducción y ampliación. Las escalas de dibujo son proporciones entre los objetos reales y sus representaciones gráficas que permiten modificar el tamaño sin alterar las proporciones. Las escalas de reducción se usan cuando los objetos son muy grandes, y las de ampliación cuando son muy pequeños para ver detalles.
This document summarizes the process for appealing court decisions in Kansas. It discusses the types of rulings that can be appealed as of right, such as final judgments, injunctions, and orders involving the constitution. It also outlines the process for appealing these decisions, which involves filing a notice of appeal within 30 days. The document also discusses appealing interlocutory orders by permission, which requires the trial court to state the order involves a controlling legal issue and could expedite the case, and then filing an application for permission to appeal within 14 days. The appellate courts in Kansas are limited to reviewing questions of law and whether facts are supported by evidence.
know-how that gives lawyers a
This document summarizes the process for appealing a decision of an intermediate appellate court to the highest court in Kansas. It addresses starting an appeal as of right or by permission, obtaining a stay pending appeal, submitting briefs and an appendix, and participating in oral arguments. The summary provides that a party can appeal as of right if a constitutional question is raised for the first time, and can appeal by permission for other rulings. It outlines the procedures for filing a petition for review, responding, and submitting supplemental briefs. Oral argument is available unless the case does not present a new legal question or argument would not be helpful. Parties have 30 minutes or less for oral argument
This document provides a summary of litigation procedures and court structure in Kansas. It discusses the state's appellate courts (Supreme Court and Court of Appeals), trial courts (District Courts and Municipal Courts), and key statutes and rules governing litigation procedures. Direct appeals can generally be made from District Courts to the Court of Appeals, and from the Court of Appeals to the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court has discretion to review Court of Appeals decisions. To become a member of the Kansas bar, attorneys must graduate from an ABA-accredited law school, pass the bar exam, and prove good moral character and mental fitness. Kansas offers reciprocity to attorneys admitted in other states.
This order from a district court concerns a motion to dismiss or for summary judgment that has been filed in a civil case. As one of the defendants is representing himself without an attorney, the court directs the clerk to send him materials to explain summary judgment procedure and relevant extracts from Rules 12 and 56. The defendants have 34 days to respond to the motion. The order also provides guidance on the requirements for affidavits submitted in opposition to summary judgment.
In this talk from Balisage 2017, I present my paper, "Automatically Denormalizing Document Relationships." Abstract: "Native XML databases provide no exception to the problem that data may not be easily contained by any single data storage idiom. Many-to-many relationships, in particular, present a unique problem for documents, as strategies for joining across documents are a potential minefield of software maintenance and performance problems. Automatic denormalization shifts the responsibilty for managing relationships to write-time, making an explicit trade-off for simplicity and speed at runtime. This paper discusses existing strategies for managing relationships across documents and explores design patterns and use cases for performing automatic denormalization and their trade-offs."
This document is a response opposing an application for an extension of time to file a brief. It summarizes that the appellants, who are appealing an order adding them as judgment debtors, have already received 60 days of extensions for filing their brief, totaling 120 days. The response argues the appeal does not require unusually complex factual or legal analysis. It asserts the appellants' claims that the appeal involves issues of probate, taxation, and irrevocable trusts are not properly within the scope of the appeal. The response requests the court deny any further extensions.
This document provides an overview of pre-trial motions, including the pros and cons of filing pre-trial motions, options after a pre-trial motion is lost, the basics of filing motions, and types of common pre-trial motions such as motions to quash, motions to strike, demurrers, judgment on the pleadings, summary judgment motions, and motions in limine. It discusses the requirements and purpose of each type of motion, and provides concrete examples to illustrate how each motion may be used.
UNITED STATES' ABUSE OF THE 'SERIAL LITIGATOR' DEFENSEVogelDenise
17 USC § 107 Limitations on Exclusive Rights – FAIR USE
This document has been prepared in support of DEPRIVATION OF JURY TRIAL(S) - i.e. as “For depriving us in many cases, of the benefits of Trial by Jury” – as set forth in the United States of America’s DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE. Furthermore, provides a copy of a Court Order FALSELY accusing Newsome of RACIAL and ANTI-SEMITIC SLURS for addressing for what are KNOWN to be Terrorist Acts, War Crimes, Apartheid Practices/Crimes Against Humanity, and other Criminal Acts launched against her by the United States of America’s NAZI’S and/or WHITE Jews/Zionists/Supremacists!
IMPORTANT TO NOTE: Are those WHO played ROLES in the FOUNDING of Israel as the Nazis and/or WHITE Jewish/Zionists/Supremacists Law Firms as Baker Donelson Bearman Caldwell & Berkowitz: https://www.slideshare.net/VogelDenise/baker-donelson-founder-of-state-of-israel
The DENIAL of JURY TRIAL is also a defense that may be used in seeking INTERNATIONAL Judicial Review, INVESTIGATIONS and PROSECUTIONS, etc. – i.e. in taking matter(s) before INTERNATIONAL Tribunals!
Attachment Trustee Process & ExecutionMikeProsser
Slideshow from presentation to District Court Clerk-Magistrates and Asst. Clerk-Magistrates intended to promote understanding of the topics from both an "in court" and "out of court" perspective.
The Supreme Court of Kansas heard a case regarding the constitutionality of a Kansas statute that caps noneconomic damages in medical malpractice cases at $250,000. The Court upheld the statute as constitutional, finding that: (1) the statute and broader medical malpractice legislation further a valid public interest in promoting public welfare and healthcare availability; and (2) the legislature substituted an adequate statutory remedy for any modification of common law rights. The Court also rejected claims that the statute violated separation of powers, equal protection, or other constitutional provisions. While the cap limits damages awards, the Court found it did not prevent reasonable compensation or obstruct the right to a jury trial.
The document discusses strategies and procedures for removing a case from state to federal court, including:
- Cases that can be removed include those involving diversity of citizenship, federal questions, and certain civil rights cases.
- Defendants must file a notice of removal within 30 days of receiving the state court filing and establish federal jurisdiction.
- The notice of removal can be amended within 30 days to correct deficiencies but not assert new grounds for removal.
- Cases arising from state workers' compensation laws cannot be removed to federal court.
The Department of Justice advocates for ICE's right to place children in solitary confinement if their mother engage in protests against their unlawful detention.
This document is a memorandum filed by federal defendants in opposition to plaintiffs' motion for a temporary restraining order and preliminary injunction. It argues that the court should deny the plaintiffs' motion because: (1) the plaintiffs have not established that the court has jurisdiction over their claims, as they have not shown a waiver of sovereign immunity; (2) even if jurisdiction exists, the plaintiffs have failed to state a claim under the First Amendment as non-resident aliens; and (3) ICE's actions regarding hunger strikes are reasonably related to legitimate interests in operating family residential facilities safely. The memorandum also provides background on the plaintiffs and legal standards regarding reinstatement and withholding-only removal proceedings.
The Court of Appeals of North Carolina held that the federal Animal Welfare Act does not preempt a claim brought under North Carolina law alleging animal cruelty at a zoo. The federal law does not expressly preempt state law, implies no intent to exclusively regulate animal welfare nationwide, and does not conflict with the state law. Therefore, the district court had subject matter jurisdiction over the plaintiffs' claims and its dismissal was reversed and remanded.
The Court of Appeals of North Carolina held that the federal Animal Welfare Act does not preempt a claim brought under North Carolina law alleging animal cruelty at a zoo. The federal law does not expressly preempt state law, implies no intent to exclusively regulate animal welfare nationwide, and does not conflict with the state law. Therefore, the district court had subject matter jurisdiction over the plaintiffs' claims and its dismissal was reversed and remanded.
The document summarizes New Jersey statutes and court rules related to landlord-tenant law and eviction proceedings. It discusses when a landlord can file to transfer an eviction case from a Special Civil Part court to a Law Division court, rebuttable presumptions against landlord retaliation, and grounds for a tenant to obtain a judgment if an eviction is filed for retaliatory reasons. It also covers stays of eviction warrants and when a court must issue a warrant for possession. The document provides an overview of New Jersey laws governing landlord-tenant disputes and eviction cases.
The Impact of the PSLRA on Post-Discovery Amendment of PleadingsWendy Couture
This document summarizes the impact of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act (PSLRA) on amending pleadings after discovery in securities fraud cases. It discusses how the PSLRA requires heightened pleading standards and stays discovery during motions to dismiss. After a claim survives dismissal, courts take different approaches to post-discovery amendment. Some invite amendment if discovery reveals new evidence, while others view amendment as circumventing the PSLRA's pleading requirements. The document analyzes relevant Federal Rules of Civil Procedure and case law on this issue. It concludes by noting an upcoming Ninth Circuit case that could provide guidance on the interaction between the PSLRA and post-discovery amendment.
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