This document is a prospectus for a research project examining the life course of political activists from the "68ers Generation" in Denmark. Specifically, it will focus on activists involved in the 1968 student revolt at the University of Copenhagen. The project aims to understand how the values and activism of these individuals evolved over their lifetimes as they diffused into other social movements. Through explanatory interviews and analysis of microdata, the research seeks to provide the first sociological account of this influential generation and inform debates about their lasting significance on Danish society and culture. The prospectus outlines the context of the Danish student movement in the 1960s, reviews relevant literature on social movements, generations, and culture, and describes the proposed research design utilizing life history
This document summarizes an ongoing research project studying labor migrant discontent in Russia. The project aims to study discontent sociologically by (1) defining it as a shared, long-term emotion determined by structural conditions and social interaction, and (2) developing methods to measure it. Field research involved interviews and surveys with migrants in several Russian cities. Preliminary findings identified three potential sources of discontent: poor working conditions, interactions with authorities, and behavior of local communities. The researchers aim to further examine how discontent emerges from collective emotions and is sustained over time through social networks. Key challenges discussed are defining and measuring discontent as a sociological concept.
This document discusses alternative periodicals that emerged in the Soviet Union between 1987-1991 during Perestroika. It summarizes that these periodicals originated as unofficial publications during the liberalization of censorship laws. They both continued the tradition of underground "samizdat" publications from previous decades but also represented the beginning of a new independent press in Russia. By the early 1990s, there were over 1,000 such political publications distributed across the USSR, which had a significant influence on events like the dissolution of the Soviet Union and development of Russia's multi-party political system. The course presented is intended to cover this unique phenomenon through 4 blocks and 12 lectures on topics like the bulletins of democratic clubs, publications of political organizations,
This document provides a dissertation submitted for an MSc degree at the University of Oxford. It examines anti-religious propaganda during the New Economic Policy period in the early Soviet Union. It argues that the propaganda reflected the process of Soviet modernization, displaying elements of modernity like a new historical narrative, attempts at social engineering, and scapegoating of religion. The dissertation analyzes images from publications like Bezbozhnik to identify recurring themes of manipulating religious symbolism over time, constructing a new social ideal, and blaming religion. It claims this showed the prerequisites for the Stalinist system and construction of a new political religion based on modernity.
The comparative and historical method of sociologyHumayunKobir6
This document discusses the comparative and historical method of sociology. It defines sociology and comparative sociology. Comparative historical sociology analyzes large-scale societal transformations like revolutions, capitalism, and the development of nation-states and welfare states. The method uses detailed case studies and comparisons to uncover causal patterns in infrequent or long-term societal changes. It compares different cases and analyzes narratives and sequences of events. The method allows interpreting general patterns from specific examples and has the advantage of studying phenomena in context over time, though validity can depend on available sources.
The European elections showed support for radical left and green parties on the continent but not in Britain. The results underscore the need to build a new socialist party as an alternative to Blairism. Where militant left organizations with a significant presence existed, like in France, Italy and Spain, they gained seats. In Britain, the lack of a similar nationwide socialist force meant the left vote was weak, with the exception of Scotland. The elections point to growing space for a left alternative as Blairism continues to falter but building a new party will not be easy given differing conditions between Scotland and England/Wales.
The Origin of the non-governmental sector in Russia during the presidencies o...Maciej Behnke
Apart from the public (first) and business (second) sectors, the third sector is one
of the pillars constituting the modern democratic society. All the social interests
are concentrated within the third sector and they are being implemented by the
numerous non-governmental organizations cooperating with the state as well
as business world. The birth of the third sector in Russia can be associated with
the beginning of Mikhail Gorbachev reforms called the perestroika. The mental
changes that the Russian society underwent influenced by the policy of glasnost
led to the origin of public involvement into the social and political life, taking
upon the role of the often ineffective state. The degree to which the citizens were
involved in the activity of the NGOs was first of all associated with their quality
of life and it depended on the attitude of the decision-makers towards the idea
of social organizations. The time of Boris Yeltsin presidency was characterized
by two phenomena: a drop in the standard of living accompanied by the
intensification of criminalization within the public life and the positive attitude
towards the introduction of the third sector. After the new president assumed
the post, the approach of the new authority changed in a negative way and
the politics implemented led to gaining full control over public associations.
The so-called liberalization of the law in respect to the third sector was only
a display of Kremlin’s political will and did not signify serious treatment of the
principles of the democratic and civic society. The third sector, one of the pillars
supporting the civil society is at present in the state of consolidation, dealing
with numerous amendments of legal norms. After the period of mimicking
western solutions, the Russian NGOs became a power that must be taken into
account by the Russian decision-makers.
Do workers work enough? International comparison of working hours and wage di...Malte Nyfos Mathiasen
This document is a paper written by Malte Nyfos Mathiasen for Professor Annette Bernhardt at the University of California, Berkeley. The paper reviews literature on working hours in selected OECD countries since the 1970s, with a focus on the United States. It finds that working hours have stagnated or decreased for low-income workers in the U.S. but increased for high-income workers. The paper aims to conduct an international comparison to see if these trends are also observed in other developed nations and how working hours relate to wage inequality across countries.
This document summarizes an ongoing research project studying labor migrant discontent in Russia. The project aims to study discontent sociologically by (1) defining it as a shared, long-term emotion determined by structural conditions and social interaction, and (2) developing methods to measure it. Field research involved interviews and surveys with migrants in several Russian cities. Preliminary findings identified three potential sources of discontent: poor working conditions, interactions with authorities, and behavior of local communities. The researchers aim to further examine how discontent emerges from collective emotions and is sustained over time through social networks. Key challenges discussed are defining and measuring discontent as a sociological concept.
This document discusses alternative periodicals that emerged in the Soviet Union between 1987-1991 during Perestroika. It summarizes that these periodicals originated as unofficial publications during the liberalization of censorship laws. They both continued the tradition of underground "samizdat" publications from previous decades but also represented the beginning of a new independent press in Russia. By the early 1990s, there were over 1,000 such political publications distributed across the USSR, which had a significant influence on events like the dissolution of the Soviet Union and development of Russia's multi-party political system. The course presented is intended to cover this unique phenomenon through 4 blocks and 12 lectures on topics like the bulletins of democratic clubs, publications of political organizations,
This document provides a dissertation submitted for an MSc degree at the University of Oxford. It examines anti-religious propaganda during the New Economic Policy period in the early Soviet Union. It argues that the propaganda reflected the process of Soviet modernization, displaying elements of modernity like a new historical narrative, attempts at social engineering, and scapegoating of religion. The dissertation analyzes images from publications like Bezbozhnik to identify recurring themes of manipulating religious symbolism over time, constructing a new social ideal, and blaming religion. It claims this showed the prerequisites for the Stalinist system and construction of a new political religion based on modernity.
The comparative and historical method of sociologyHumayunKobir6
This document discusses the comparative and historical method of sociology. It defines sociology and comparative sociology. Comparative historical sociology analyzes large-scale societal transformations like revolutions, capitalism, and the development of nation-states and welfare states. The method uses detailed case studies and comparisons to uncover causal patterns in infrequent or long-term societal changes. It compares different cases and analyzes narratives and sequences of events. The method allows interpreting general patterns from specific examples and has the advantage of studying phenomena in context over time, though validity can depend on available sources.
The European elections showed support for radical left and green parties on the continent but not in Britain. The results underscore the need to build a new socialist party as an alternative to Blairism. Where militant left organizations with a significant presence existed, like in France, Italy and Spain, they gained seats. In Britain, the lack of a similar nationwide socialist force meant the left vote was weak, with the exception of Scotland. The elections point to growing space for a left alternative as Blairism continues to falter but building a new party will not be easy given differing conditions between Scotland and England/Wales.
The Origin of the non-governmental sector in Russia during the presidencies o...Maciej Behnke
Apart from the public (first) and business (second) sectors, the third sector is one
of the pillars constituting the modern democratic society. All the social interests
are concentrated within the third sector and they are being implemented by the
numerous non-governmental organizations cooperating with the state as well
as business world. The birth of the third sector in Russia can be associated with
the beginning of Mikhail Gorbachev reforms called the perestroika. The mental
changes that the Russian society underwent influenced by the policy of glasnost
led to the origin of public involvement into the social and political life, taking
upon the role of the often ineffective state. The degree to which the citizens were
involved in the activity of the NGOs was first of all associated with their quality
of life and it depended on the attitude of the decision-makers towards the idea
of social organizations. The time of Boris Yeltsin presidency was characterized
by two phenomena: a drop in the standard of living accompanied by the
intensification of criminalization within the public life and the positive attitude
towards the introduction of the third sector. After the new president assumed
the post, the approach of the new authority changed in a negative way and
the politics implemented led to gaining full control over public associations.
The so-called liberalization of the law in respect to the third sector was only
a display of Kremlin’s political will and did not signify serious treatment of the
principles of the democratic and civic society. The third sector, one of the pillars
supporting the civil society is at present in the state of consolidation, dealing
with numerous amendments of legal norms. After the period of mimicking
western solutions, the Russian NGOs became a power that must be taken into
account by the Russian decision-makers.
Do workers work enough? International comparison of working hours and wage di...Malte Nyfos Mathiasen
This document is a paper written by Malte Nyfos Mathiasen for Professor Annette Bernhardt at the University of California, Berkeley. The paper reviews literature on working hours in selected OECD countries since the 1970s, with a focus on the United States. It finds that working hours have stagnated or decreased for low-income workers in the U.S. but increased for high-income workers. The paper aims to conduct an international comparison to see if these trends are also observed in other developed nations and how working hours relate to wage inequality across countries.
Enhancing Sensitivities and Peak Capacities for UHPLC-MS Fast Gradient Analys...Sandy Simmons
When compared to 1.7 μm fully porous materials, the ultra-high
efficiency and low backpressures provided by Kinetex core-shell
2.6 μm columns, provides users opportunities to go beyond what
is traditionally accepted for UHPLC runs
Courtney Young is a graphic design student who recently moved from Ohio to Tallahassee, Florida. Her brand mantra is "Evoke Emotion through Design" and she believes designers have the ability to subconsciously lead people to decisions through choices in color, layout, texture and other design elements. She enjoys art and creating, and her main talents include versatility and strong social skills. Her goal is to use design to lead in a more artistic direction.
This document reviews methodological approaches to studying neighborhood effects on choice and well-being. It summarizes the original concepts from the Chicago School of urban sociology and critiques their assumptions. It then describes two prominent contemporary studies: the Moving to Opportunity social experiment, which used randomized controlled trials to study the effects of relocating families from high-poverty to low-poverty neighborhoods; and Sampson's work using statistical analysis and social network theory to understand neighborhood influences. The document argues these modern approaches partially address earlier critiques but questions remain about fully accounting for institutional and structural factors.
This document provides an analysis of why a powerful labor party and union emerged in Denmark but not in the United States between 1880-1920. It first reviews previous research on this topic and establishes the research question. It then compares labor party and union dynamics in the US, New Jersey, and Denmark over this period. Specifically, it examines factors like state power structures, industrialization, union membership/strategies, and reciprocal party/union support. The analysis finds that high membership density and inclusive strategies created strong reciprocal support between Danish unions and labor parties, enabling the emergence of a powerful labor movement there unlike in the US or New Jersey.
USP 621 Allowable Adjustment to Chromatography HPLC MethodsSandy Simmons
Effective August 1st 2014, the United States Pharmacopoeia (USP) published the latest revision to General Chapter <621> mapping out the "allowable adjustments" that can be made to USP methods without having to re-validate these methods. Articles provided by industry leaders in separation sciences, pharmacology and chemistry.
El juego de la torre de Hanói consiste en mover discos de diferentes tamaños entre tres varillas siguiendo dos reglas: solo se puede mover un disco a la vez y los discos más grandes no pueden estar encima de los más pequeños. Según la leyenda, sacerdotes indios deben transferir 64 discos de oro entre tres agujas de diamante sin romper las reglas. Aunque originalmente un juego matemático, la torre de Hanói se ha convertido en una herramienta útil para la ciencia computacional.
Column care for your Aeris Widepore HPLCSandy Simmons
Aeris WIDEPORE and Aeris PEPTIDE columns are specifically designed
for the reversed phase separation of biomolecules. By optimizing
particle size, shell thickness, and bonding chemistry, Aeris columns
provide excellent resolution of proteins and peptides in a wide range of
molecular weights.
El método de Lagrange es un procedimiento para encontrar máximos y mínimos de funciones sujetas a restricciones. Reduce el problema restringido a uno sin restricciones mediante la adición de términos multiplicados por "multiplicadores de Lagrange". Estos multiplicadores representan la tasa de cambio en la utilidad relativa al cambio en la restricción. El método se aplica en optimización, física, economía y otras áreas para determinar valores óptimos dados límites o restricciones.
Overall the Kent State University registrar site scored well, with strengths including clean design, limited colors, and appropriate language. However, it was found to be outdated and lacked visibility of system status such as breadcrumbs. Recommendations included notifying users of browser requirements, simplifying the class lookup, and generally cleaning up the design to be more accessible.
The document describes an app called Lunch Money Buddy that allows parents to fund and manage school lunch accounts for their children. The app goals include allowing parents to add payment methods and manage account balances, view upcoming school lunch menus and favorites, check subsidy account statuses, and close accounts. Additional features are designed to help busy families share financial responsibilities and receive alerts about balances and favorite lunches.
Learn all the essentials of building Angular 2 applications right here.
https://www.udemy.com/angular-2-training/?couponCode=UANGULAR2
This is a beginner level course aimed at those new to Angular 2 and Typescript. No previous knowledge of either is required before starting this course.
This course combines slides, projects and quizzes in a clear, concise and engaging way to guide you through the core concepts of Angular 2 and Typescript.
You will gain a solid foundation for building real-world applications following best practices and the Angular 2 style guide. This includes how to build components, create shared services, navigate between views, manage data, and managing user and system events.
The document discusses historiography and environmental analysis.
1) Historiography is the study of how history has been recorded and interpreted over time. It examines how historical texts are influenced by social and intellectual contexts. Understanding historiography is important for conducting historical research.
2) A company's environment includes internal factors like departments as well as external factors such as customers, competitors, and societal trends. Understanding these environmental factors is crucial for business planning and decision making.
3) Demographic and economic changes in society, like population aging, education levels, and income patterns can significantly impact businesses and require an adaptive response.
Jobs Essay. Essay on quot;What is a Good Jobquot; MGMT2718 - Human Resource ...Yvonne Porter
My ideal job essay sample - 564 Words - NerdySeal. 002 Job Application Essay Template Sample Teaching ~ Thatsnotus. Essay On My Career Plan. Employment Essay. IPhone and Steve Jobs - Essay - Free Essay Example | PapersOwl.com. Essay about a Job, Career or Business: A Thesis-Based Essay .... Types of jobs Essay Example | StudyHippo.com. 020 Essay Example Career ~ Thatsnotus. Choosing A Career Essay – Telegraph. How To Write Personal Essay For Job – Coverletterpedia. 008 Essay Example Future Career Plan Sample 617907 ~ Thatsnotus. 025 Career Plan Essay Example Year Development Template Ideas Of .... About my job essay. My Career Goals Essay Example Free Essay Example. Essay on "What is a Good Job" | MGMT2718 - Human Resource Management .... Essays For Employment. 009 Educational And Career Goals Essay Examples Example Graduate School .... Essay On Career | Career Essay for Students and Children in English - A .... Unforgettable Job Essay ~ Thatsnotus. Career Essay. 019 Career Plan Essay Example ~ Thatsnotus. Job Application Essay Sample | PDF Template. How to Write My Future Career Plans Essay: Example Included!. 016 Essay Example On My Career Goals Sample Mba Essays Custom .... ⛔ How to write a professional goals essay. How To Write An Essay About .... Essays For Employment1 Jobs Essay
Research Proposal Sample Online, PhD, Charles Sturt University, AustraliaAjeet Singh
Do you need research proposal sample online? Download free sample on Research Proposal, PhD, Charles Sturt University, Australia. This is Ph.D research proposal sample, which is for Charles Sturt University.
If you are looking for research proposal help, you can connect with experts at The Student Helpline.
Website: www.thestudenthelpline.com
This paper presents a framework informed by two disciplines, Social Innovation and Applied Ethics, to be used in an on-going analysis of territorial democratic systems. The time frame chosen for the case studies is the period before and after the 2008 global crisis. In Iceland the crisis had an economic and political aspect
affecting the self-understanding of the territory as a whole. In the Basque Country it also deals with the current peace process to settle down political violence and its causes. In both cases there are deep underlying value issues, but this paper introduces the results obtained in Iceland. While its democratic system has proven to be able to contest the causes of the crisis, there is no definitive evidence that the re-examination process that was opened on 6th October 2008 is resolved yet.
Futures, communication and social innovationMario Guillo
This paper presents the results of a comparative pilot study of images of the future in youngsters from 2 different European countries: Spain and Finland. The survey of two groups of university students -from both countries- tries to look into identified cultural values and the message sources that can influence the way we look at the (expected and desired) future.
The importance of this project, that has been developed using the web platform www.F212.org, a pilot project funded by FECYT (Spanish Foundation for Science and Technology), relies on the idea that communication and exchange of information about images of the future through social networks will empower new generations for facing the challenge of building a desired future.
The @Filosoclips project: teaching feminist philosophy through popular cultur...eraser Juan José Calderón
The @Filosoclips project: teaching feminist philosophy through popular culture in Spain
Laura Triviño-Cabrera , Asunción Bernárdez-Rodal & Alba Velázquez-Felipe
The Trouble of Cultural Values in Science Education: Towards the Construction of the European Model of Science in Society. Communication presented as co-author ¬at the XIV IOSTE Symposium: “Socio-cultural and Human Values in Science and Technology Education”.
A knowledge-based society - Can we still afford it? Or can we afford not hav...Giuseppe De Nicolao
Presentazione di José Mariano Gago al II Convegno Roars: “Higher Education and Research Policies in Europe: Challenges for Italy”, 21 febbraio 2014
CNR, Piazzale A. Moro 7, Roma
1) This document reviews the third edition of the anthology "Communications in Canadian Society" edited by Benjamin D. Singer.
2) It finds that the new edition contains several new and revised essays that make it more topical and scholarly than previous editions.
3) Specifically, it praises five essays that provide insightful yet concise overviews of their topics in an accessible way for students.
Three grand sociological theoriesWhich of the three grand so.docxjuliennehar
This document provides an overview of structural functionalism, one of the three main theoretical perspectives in sociology for analyzing the relationship between individuals and society. Structural functionalism, as developed by Talcott Parsons, views society as composed of institutions called subsystems that function to meet society's needs and maintain stability. These subsystems include the economy, education, family, government, and religion. The document also outlines Parsons' hierarchy of four interacting systems - biological organism, personality, social system, and cultural system - to explain human behavior and interaction from individual to societal levels.
Enhancing Sensitivities and Peak Capacities for UHPLC-MS Fast Gradient Analys...Sandy Simmons
When compared to 1.7 μm fully porous materials, the ultra-high
efficiency and low backpressures provided by Kinetex core-shell
2.6 μm columns, provides users opportunities to go beyond what
is traditionally accepted for UHPLC runs
Courtney Young is a graphic design student who recently moved from Ohio to Tallahassee, Florida. Her brand mantra is "Evoke Emotion through Design" and she believes designers have the ability to subconsciously lead people to decisions through choices in color, layout, texture and other design elements. She enjoys art and creating, and her main talents include versatility and strong social skills. Her goal is to use design to lead in a more artistic direction.
This document reviews methodological approaches to studying neighborhood effects on choice and well-being. It summarizes the original concepts from the Chicago School of urban sociology and critiques their assumptions. It then describes two prominent contemporary studies: the Moving to Opportunity social experiment, which used randomized controlled trials to study the effects of relocating families from high-poverty to low-poverty neighborhoods; and Sampson's work using statistical analysis and social network theory to understand neighborhood influences. The document argues these modern approaches partially address earlier critiques but questions remain about fully accounting for institutional and structural factors.
This document provides an analysis of why a powerful labor party and union emerged in Denmark but not in the United States between 1880-1920. It first reviews previous research on this topic and establishes the research question. It then compares labor party and union dynamics in the US, New Jersey, and Denmark over this period. Specifically, it examines factors like state power structures, industrialization, union membership/strategies, and reciprocal party/union support. The analysis finds that high membership density and inclusive strategies created strong reciprocal support between Danish unions and labor parties, enabling the emergence of a powerful labor movement there unlike in the US or New Jersey.
USP 621 Allowable Adjustment to Chromatography HPLC MethodsSandy Simmons
Effective August 1st 2014, the United States Pharmacopoeia (USP) published the latest revision to General Chapter <621> mapping out the "allowable adjustments" that can be made to USP methods without having to re-validate these methods. Articles provided by industry leaders in separation sciences, pharmacology and chemistry.
El juego de la torre de Hanói consiste en mover discos de diferentes tamaños entre tres varillas siguiendo dos reglas: solo se puede mover un disco a la vez y los discos más grandes no pueden estar encima de los más pequeños. Según la leyenda, sacerdotes indios deben transferir 64 discos de oro entre tres agujas de diamante sin romper las reglas. Aunque originalmente un juego matemático, la torre de Hanói se ha convertido en una herramienta útil para la ciencia computacional.
Column care for your Aeris Widepore HPLCSandy Simmons
Aeris WIDEPORE and Aeris PEPTIDE columns are specifically designed
for the reversed phase separation of biomolecules. By optimizing
particle size, shell thickness, and bonding chemistry, Aeris columns
provide excellent resolution of proteins and peptides in a wide range of
molecular weights.
El método de Lagrange es un procedimiento para encontrar máximos y mínimos de funciones sujetas a restricciones. Reduce el problema restringido a uno sin restricciones mediante la adición de términos multiplicados por "multiplicadores de Lagrange". Estos multiplicadores representan la tasa de cambio en la utilidad relativa al cambio en la restricción. El método se aplica en optimización, física, economía y otras áreas para determinar valores óptimos dados límites o restricciones.
Overall the Kent State University registrar site scored well, with strengths including clean design, limited colors, and appropriate language. However, it was found to be outdated and lacked visibility of system status such as breadcrumbs. Recommendations included notifying users of browser requirements, simplifying the class lookup, and generally cleaning up the design to be more accessible.
The document describes an app called Lunch Money Buddy that allows parents to fund and manage school lunch accounts for their children. The app goals include allowing parents to add payment methods and manage account balances, view upcoming school lunch menus and favorites, check subsidy account statuses, and close accounts. Additional features are designed to help busy families share financial responsibilities and receive alerts about balances and favorite lunches.
Learn all the essentials of building Angular 2 applications right here.
https://www.udemy.com/angular-2-training/?couponCode=UANGULAR2
This is a beginner level course aimed at those new to Angular 2 and Typescript. No previous knowledge of either is required before starting this course.
This course combines slides, projects and quizzes in a clear, concise and engaging way to guide you through the core concepts of Angular 2 and Typescript.
You will gain a solid foundation for building real-world applications following best practices and the Angular 2 style guide. This includes how to build components, create shared services, navigate between views, manage data, and managing user and system events.
The document discusses historiography and environmental analysis.
1) Historiography is the study of how history has been recorded and interpreted over time. It examines how historical texts are influenced by social and intellectual contexts. Understanding historiography is important for conducting historical research.
2) A company's environment includes internal factors like departments as well as external factors such as customers, competitors, and societal trends. Understanding these environmental factors is crucial for business planning and decision making.
3) Demographic and economic changes in society, like population aging, education levels, and income patterns can significantly impact businesses and require an adaptive response.
Jobs Essay. Essay on quot;What is a Good Jobquot; MGMT2718 - Human Resource ...Yvonne Porter
My ideal job essay sample - 564 Words - NerdySeal. 002 Job Application Essay Template Sample Teaching ~ Thatsnotus. Essay On My Career Plan. Employment Essay. IPhone and Steve Jobs - Essay - Free Essay Example | PapersOwl.com. Essay about a Job, Career or Business: A Thesis-Based Essay .... Types of jobs Essay Example | StudyHippo.com. 020 Essay Example Career ~ Thatsnotus. Choosing A Career Essay – Telegraph. How To Write Personal Essay For Job – Coverletterpedia. 008 Essay Example Future Career Plan Sample 617907 ~ Thatsnotus. 025 Career Plan Essay Example Year Development Template Ideas Of .... About my job essay. My Career Goals Essay Example Free Essay Example. Essay on "What is a Good Job" | MGMT2718 - Human Resource Management .... Essays For Employment. 009 Educational And Career Goals Essay Examples Example Graduate School .... Essay On Career | Career Essay for Students and Children in English - A .... Unforgettable Job Essay ~ Thatsnotus. Career Essay. 019 Career Plan Essay Example ~ Thatsnotus. Job Application Essay Sample | PDF Template. How to Write My Future Career Plans Essay: Example Included!. 016 Essay Example On My Career Goals Sample Mba Essays Custom .... ⛔ How to write a professional goals essay. How To Write An Essay About .... Essays For Employment1 Jobs Essay
Research Proposal Sample Online, PhD, Charles Sturt University, AustraliaAjeet Singh
Do you need research proposal sample online? Download free sample on Research Proposal, PhD, Charles Sturt University, Australia. This is Ph.D research proposal sample, which is for Charles Sturt University.
If you are looking for research proposal help, you can connect with experts at The Student Helpline.
Website: www.thestudenthelpline.com
This paper presents a framework informed by two disciplines, Social Innovation and Applied Ethics, to be used in an on-going analysis of territorial democratic systems. The time frame chosen for the case studies is the period before and after the 2008 global crisis. In Iceland the crisis had an economic and political aspect
affecting the self-understanding of the territory as a whole. In the Basque Country it also deals with the current peace process to settle down political violence and its causes. In both cases there are deep underlying value issues, but this paper introduces the results obtained in Iceland. While its democratic system has proven to be able to contest the causes of the crisis, there is no definitive evidence that the re-examination process that was opened on 6th October 2008 is resolved yet.
Futures, communication and social innovationMario Guillo
This paper presents the results of a comparative pilot study of images of the future in youngsters from 2 different European countries: Spain and Finland. The survey of two groups of university students -from both countries- tries to look into identified cultural values and the message sources that can influence the way we look at the (expected and desired) future.
The importance of this project, that has been developed using the web platform www.F212.org, a pilot project funded by FECYT (Spanish Foundation for Science and Technology), relies on the idea that communication and exchange of information about images of the future through social networks will empower new generations for facing the challenge of building a desired future.
The @Filosoclips project: teaching feminist philosophy through popular cultur...eraser Juan José Calderón
The @Filosoclips project: teaching feminist philosophy through popular culture in Spain
Laura Triviño-Cabrera , Asunción Bernárdez-Rodal & Alba Velázquez-Felipe
The Trouble of Cultural Values in Science Education: Towards the Construction of the European Model of Science in Society. Communication presented as co-author ¬at the XIV IOSTE Symposium: “Socio-cultural and Human Values in Science and Technology Education”.
A knowledge-based society - Can we still afford it? Or can we afford not hav...Giuseppe De Nicolao
Presentazione di José Mariano Gago al II Convegno Roars: “Higher Education and Research Policies in Europe: Challenges for Italy”, 21 febbraio 2014
CNR, Piazzale A. Moro 7, Roma
1) This document reviews the third edition of the anthology "Communications in Canadian Society" edited by Benjamin D. Singer.
2) It finds that the new edition contains several new and revised essays that make it more topical and scholarly than previous editions.
3) Specifically, it praises five essays that provide insightful yet concise overviews of their topics in an accessible way for students.
Three grand sociological theoriesWhich of the three grand so.docxjuliennehar
This document provides an overview of structural functionalism, one of the three main theoretical perspectives in sociology for analyzing the relationship between individuals and society. Structural functionalism, as developed by Talcott Parsons, views society as composed of institutions called subsystems that function to meet society's needs and maintain stability. These subsystems include the economy, education, family, government, and religion. The document also outlines Parsons' hierarchy of four interacting systems - biological organism, personality, social system, and cultural system - to explain human behavior and interaction from individual to societal levels.
Revision of Comparison of Theories” At the doctoral level, wr.docxhealdkathaleen
Revision of “Comparison of Theories”
At the doctoral level, writing is a continual process of revision as individuals improve skills and build subject matter expertise. This notion of writing, reflecting, and revising carries forward through the dissertation process to the publication of professional materials. In this assignment, you will reflect on the written work you submitted in Topic 3 and the feedback provided by your instructor to create a revised version of the paper “Comparison of Theories.”
General Requirements:
Use the following information to ensure successful completion of the assignment:
· This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
· Doctoral learners are required to use APA style for their writing assignments. The APA Style Guide is located in the Student Success Center.
· Refer to Chapters 2-4 of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (6th ed.) for specific guidelines related to doctoral level writing. These chapters contain essential information on manuscript structure and content, clear and concise writing, and academic grammar and usage.
· This assignment requires that at least two additional scholarly research sources related to this topic, and at least one in-text citation from each source be included.
· You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the LopesWrite Technical Support articles for assistance.
Directions:
Reflect on your writing and the feedback from your instructor on the paper “Comparison of Theories” that you submitted in Topic 3. What could you do to improve the academic quality of the content and the writing of the submitted paper?
Write a revised version (1,500-1,800 words total) of the paper “Comparison of Theories” that makes improvements in the caliber of the writing and incorporates instructor feedback regarding content and writing. Include the following in your submission:
1. A reflection (250-300 words) that provides a bulleted list of the changes you made to the paper and discusses your revision process including how you incorporated your instructor's feedback into the revised version. Similar to an abstract, this section will receive its own page following the title page and preceding the introduction to the paper.
2. The revised paper that incorporates instructor feedback; clarifies the thesis statement and solidifies supporting arguments; edits for grammar, spelling, and punctuation; adjusts word choice to display professional and scholarly language; and adjusts sentence structure for improved readability.
CHAPTER 2
MORAL EDUCATION, LIBERAL EDUCATION
AND THE VOICE OF THE INDIVIDUAL
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Similar to Research Project Prospectus - The 60s Generation’s Life Course of Political Participation in Denmark (20)
Research Project Prospectus - The 60s Generation’s Life Course of Political Participation in Denmark
1. Professor Kim Voss SOC 280S: Social Movements
Malte Nyfos Mathiasen (maltenyfos@berkeley.edu) May 15, 14
The
60s
Generation’s
Life
Course
of
Political
Participation
in
Denmark
Prospectus
for
a
research
project.
I would be happy to receive any comments that could help me in the process.
2. Professor Kim Voss SOC 280S: Social Movements
Malte Nyfos Mathiasen (maltenyfos@berkeley.edu) May 15, 14
Table
of
Contents
Research
question
......................................................................................................................
3
Context
.........................................................................................................................................................
5
Literature
review
and
theoretical
framework
.................................................................
6
Culture
.........................................................................................................................................................
6
Generation
..................................................................................................................................................
8
Activism
.......................................................................................................................................................
9
Research
design
.......................................................................................................................
10
Storytelling
and
life
courses
as
a
method
...................................................................................
11
Data
.............................................................................................................................................................
12
Comparison
and
measurement
.......................................................................................................
13
Expected
findings
and
arguments
..................................................................................................
13
Literature
...................................................................................................................................
15
3. Professor Kim Voss SOC 280S: Social Movements
Malte Nyfos Mathiasen (maltenyfos@berkeley.edu) May 15, 14
Research
question
In Denmark when the talk is about social movements and change, the refer-
ence point always seems to be the 68’ers generation and the happy but childish life of
the hippies. The concept of generations is in many accounts continuously used to cat-
egorize the 60s and early 70s, where the baby boomers as the first generation after
WW2 have been classified as a qualitative different generation or even the first youth
generation. Illustratively, many scholars of New Social Movements have celebrated
Inglehardt’s claim that the post WW2 western generations were less materialistic and
more idealistic and cultural, because they never experienced material sufferings and
hunger (Inglehardt, 1971). At the same time I believe one can fairly say that the dis-
cursive power of “generation” is more powerful in some countries rather than in oth-
ers, and in Denmark the concept of the ‘generation’ is often reified, as new emerging
groups of youth claim an identity, and older voices outcry over state of affairs in pub-
lic media.
As a side note I believe that an examination of the ‘68’ers could create re-
newed interest and parallels to the arguably lack of activism today. I therefore set out
to ask a research question, which can be answered through a thick contextualization
of a movement:
How did the activists in the ‘68’ers Generation and the University of Copen-
hagen evolve their values and diffuse into other movements over their life
course?
The relationship under investigation implies to compare the specificity of the
activist in the movement over a long period with non-activist at the same time. Also
the activists of the ‘68’ers Generation and the student revolt in ‘68’ overlap but ana-
lytically needs to be disentangled.
The research design is very open, and I have no elaborate thesis on, what the
results will look like. I have some prior indications that the population in Denmark at
large tends to have quite consistent values over time, especially on a left-to-right po-
litical scale (Gundelach, 2011). I am therefore very eager to find out, if the sample of
activist in the ‘68’ers Generation at the University of Copenhagen diverges profound-
ly, and if they tend to have larger social and sustained (activist) networks, earn less
4. Professor Kim Voss SOC 280S: Social Movements
Malte Nyfos Mathiasen (maltenyfos@berkeley.edu) May 15, 14
(or more), maintain a leftist political attitude and continuously organize movements,
as they become older.
Until today there exist no sociological or systematic account on the ‘68’ers
Generation, though there is much written by popular media and historians depicting
the ‘68’ers in the period from 1962-82 or 1945-89 (Scandinavian Journal of History,
33(4), 2008; Gildea et al., 2013; Stewart, 2014). The problem I see with the current
historical accounts are that they put to much emphasis on individuals, single events
and a cohesive narrative of decay without telling how the activists integrated and in-
fused other institutions with their values. No doubt it was a decisive period in Danish
history both culturally and institutional, where the welfare state and student numbers
expanded and even a new university was created to address the demand of the time
and the students. Thus, I believe, there is a dual purpose of the research project. First-
ly, to examine the life course of activist with explanatory interviews and very accurate
micro data and secondly, to inform a very contested dispute over the significance of
the ‘68ers Generation, before the activists die, and the data disappears. As one of the
activist at the 1964 Free Speech Movement at Berkeley recalled at the 40 year com-
memoration, for the students of today, the 60s are as far a past, as the WWI was for
them.
The ‘68’ers Generation is a very prominent case of activism in Denmark and,
therefore comparable to the Civil Rights Movement in the U.S., a natural reference
point and an opportunity to disseminate and test the social movement literature in a
Danish context. But it is also relevant, because the historical path can set landmarks
for repertoires and contestation for future activists and social movement organiza-
tions.
5. Professor Kim Voss SOC 280S: Social Movements
Malte Nyfos Mathiasen (maltenyfos@berkeley.edu) May 15, 14
Context
The Danish Student revolt developed from the Institute of Psychology at the
University of Copenhagen in 19'. The students were inspired by events in Germany,
France, a bit of Italy and the U.S., but events only happened in the capital city of Co-
penhagen and not in the three other largest cities of Denmark. I will investigate why
none events happened in the other cities and universities. For this purpose I will ex-
amine records at Aarhus University, which is the second largest city and conducts the
most similar history as Copenhagen. In Copenhagen the activism was relatively short
and lasted for some months. It later returned in 1970 but did not have the same suc-
cess and impact. Their main objective was to increase participation and influence at
the university and diminish the importance of professors and management. In this re-
gard they generally succeeded and have had a large impact, until some recent setbacks
in democratic student governance from 2001 It has often been related to prior event,
such as the youth rebellion in the 60s, the collective movement, anti-nuclear move-
ments, anti-war movement emerging from the Vietnam war
Even Thylejren and Roskilde festival (the largest Northern European Musical
festival), have since 1972 had camps and festivals and a persistent impact developed
by groups of ‘68’ers’ students from Copenhagen.
6. Professor Kim Voss SOC 280S: Social Movements
Malte Nyfos Mathiasen (maltenyfos@berkeley.edu) May 15, 14
Literature
review
and
theoretical
framework
The following section elaborates the main theoretical concepts and discussion
in the canon of social movement literature and relevant for the activists in the 68’ers
Generation and student revolt in Copenhagen.
Gilda et. al set a new standard for the scholarship with oral life history inter-
views from 500 transnational activists in Europe’s ‘68’ (2013), but their selected
sample only include 12 Danes derived from the Women’s movement and “The New
Society”, which is not representative for the whole movement, the student revolt and
cultural shift. Also Gildea et. al ask whether there was a transnational European ‘68’
without a clear definition of transnationalism and an answer to the insinuation that the
‘68’ers were the first global Generation (ibid.: 1; Fietze, 1997). Another relevant part
is their discussion of the absence of a Scandinavian ‘68’, which is complicated by the
Danish case and definitely not appreciated by Danish historians (Gildea et. al, 2013:
4; Scandinavian Journal of History, 33(4), 2008). Nevertheless, I pursue a similar
method and adopt their framework for where ‘68’ happens and where it does not, but
I want to inform the analysis with sociological concept related to the cultural shift,
biographical junctures and a more rigorous analysis of all available activist student in
Copenhagen 1968.
I start out with considerations about culture, cultural shifts and kinship to other
concepts and I then discuss generation and activism, which by scholars and commen-
tators retrospectively have been applied to understand the activities in ‘68’.
In the second part I turn to the research design and describe my data and ex-
pected findings, including some methodological issues concerning the unit of analy-
sis, a feasible control group and activists’ storytelling.
Culture
In Culture Moves Rochon (2000) links the political and social world through
culture. Moral language and conceptual categories change over time and move from
consensus to contention. Culture is closely linked to language and what scholars tend
to call ‘discourse’ to stress the linguistic expression of a system of thoughts (Ibid.:
14f, 33) The problem for social research is that discourses and cultural change are de-
centralized phenomenon and difficult to observe, though Rochon’s method is instruc-
tive for how to observe cultural shift through consumption culture, public media and
polls and for issues such as gender and race inequalities. These sources all possess
7. Professor Kim Voss SOC 280S: Social Movements
Malte Nyfos Mathiasen (maltenyfos@berkeley.edu) May 15, 14
strengths and weaknesses and I believe that especially the use of a general value sur-
vey and newspaper and media stories will be useful in my case. Ferrer (2003) uses
newspaper stories to compare United States and Germany and indicate a difference in
their master frames and, how ‘radicalism’ and belief niches are constructed differently
in the two countries. Perianal (2006) discusses that law and legislative frames shall be
incorporated to the body of culture, and by emphasizing the staging of social protest
in court and moral language and conceptual categories, I find her argument very com-
patible with Rochon (2000), who demonstrated how moral and judicial categories
loop back to the political, and through varying institutions impact distribution of re-
sources and political power.
In the Making of the Stonewall Myth Armstrong & Crage (2006) argue that
movements are remembered, when 1) activists consider them commemorable and 2)
have sufficient mnemonic capacity. The ‘68’ers Generation meet these standard in the
following decade by having many persons in influential jobs in cultural and economic
institutions, such as media and private business. Post facto we can end that the activist
considered the ‘68’ers movement commemorable, since it is remembered. But I hope
to shed further light on the memory by interviews with different target groups, such as
the activists themselves, audience in Copenhagen and at the University and the gen-
eral public. This is particularly relevant, since the memory of the ‘68’ers have been
highly contested since 80’s, and the interviews might contextualize whether this is an
effect of the subsequent decades or the events around ‘68’ itself. It might turn up that
the 68’ers were remembered just as much by their opponents and audience.
I do not wish depict the ‘68’ers Generation as one of identity politics in con-
trast to class-based and material struggles as other scholars have done writing about
New Social Movements (Inglehardt, 1971; Bernstein & Taylor, 2005). Instead I see
similarities and discontinuities between new and old social movements and the 68’ers
movement. Mainly, the ‘68’ers in the student revolt protested for recognition and a
right to participate and influence in contrast to a materialistic demand for redistribu-
tion.
Bernstein & Taylor (2005) encapsulate, how culture and identity can shape ac-
tivities and social ties. But their policy sphere concerns primarily gay and lesbian
rights and more broadly human and civil rights. It might therefore be interesting to
see, how their framework apply in recognition and right to participate and influence
8. Professor Kim Voss SOC 280S: Social Movements
Malte Nyfos Mathiasen (maltenyfos@berkeley.edu) May 15, 14
other policy arenas. Here Amenta (2006) finds that the possibilities for cultural and
political change are limited when a group’s democratic right and influence over poli-
cy are restricted, which point us in the direction that it is by the cultural and political
changes over time, whereby scholars and the general public will evaluate the ‘68’ers
movement.
Poletta and Jasper (2001) add the dimension of collective identities as an al-
ternative explanation to structural and rationalist account of participation. Polletta
takes a starting point in the literature of framing (Snow et. al, 1986) to describe how
narratives and identity created a distinctive collective action frame, which was im-
portant for the student movement sit-in campaigns in the U.S. 60s. The narrative con-
struction of the repertoire, the sit-ins, as local, spontaneous and moral imperative
made them disseminate the campaign and create a activists identity, event though the
narrative often not fit the strategic planning and bureaucratic coordination of the ac-
tivists (Polenta, 1998).
Generation
Karl Mannheim founded the concept of ‘generation’ in 64’ right around the
moment, where ‘68’ers evolved (Manheim, 1964). For him generation was a dynamic
process, which best can be identified by how it impacted social life through biological
processes of life and death. It implies that new participants continuously arise in cul-
tural processes and former participants disappear. One can only participate temporally
in historical process, and consequently, cultural heritage is transmitted continuously
from one generation to another (ibid. 170). Kertzer (1983) clarifies that the use of
generation to describe a people living in a given period tend to be more used in Histo-
ry than in Sociology, and the literature applies age, young cohorts and life stages to
concretize it). Whether a generation is remembered and valued depend, as Armstrong
and Crage (2006) substantiated above, on the movements commemoration capacity
but also on other generations and social factors, such as the socialization and values of
subsequent generations (Kertzer, 1983: 135f).
Taylor (2014) argues that generations tend to emerge every 20 year (Taylor,
2014), but with the long sixties and the ‘68’ers as last weighty reference point and no
commemorable youth generations before that time and today’s constant claim makers
of new emerging generations, this fact appears very volatile. If we assume the genera-
tions grow in numbers, as youth and school years are prolonged, and university (and
9. Professor Kim Voss SOC 280S: Social Movements
Malte Nyfos Mathiasen (maltenyfos@berkeley.edu) May 15, 14
high school) cohorts dramatically grow in the latter part of the 20th
Century, it is diffi-
cult to separate a central feature of a generation. Thus, it tends to be a slippery con-
cept, which can be different to distinguish from a cohort or the context. Broadly
speaking, Banton (1979) approach this problem as a trade-off between folk concepts
and analytical concepts, where a science, such as sociology, must pursue the concise
analytical concept and derogate from popular media and resonating stereotypes. Con-
cordant, Pilcher (1994) argues that generation is a concept of everyday life, which is
used widespread in society but for too long have been disregarded by sociologists. I
must say that I find the public stereotypes problematic and somehow want feed into
the public discussion of collective memory. Thus, it appeals to me to tracks in the pro-
ject, where one is sociological rigorous and one is more journalistic and dramatize
and tell the story of the ‘68’ Generation with their own words.
As a concept ‘generation”’ tend to function as an empty container and overlap
with a broader contextualization of the period, since a generation is often defined by a
distinctive feature from the period. E.g. the 60’s had the baby boom and a culture of
consumption and a hippie counter reaction, and the 00’s had September 11, the Mille-
nials and a boom of internet technology (Taylor, 2014). As mentioned above in case I
use the concept my project needs a clear demarcation of “generation” to prevent it
from tautologies, such as the ‘68’ers in Copenhagen were more students and higher
than ever before and therefore demanded free speech and democracy at the Universi-
ty.
Activism
Gildea et. al (2013) summarize three trajectories of activist in the following
paragraph, though I am not convinced that it an adequate description of the Danish or
European case, it can be a starting point:
“Some kept heir leftist dreams alive, despite the risk of seeming naïve or dan-
gerous. Others remade their politics and rejected the leftism of their youth for
liberalism or ne-conservatism. Many more, however, reinvented their activ-
ism, channeling it into the cultural sphere or into their political life” (ibid.: 2)
None of the participants in the ‘68’ers student revolt considered themselves
activists. Contrastingly, the social movement literature often equates participants and
10. Professor Kim Voss SOC 280S: Social Movements
Malte Nyfos Mathiasen (maltenyfos@berkeley.edu) May 15, 14
activist, though activism tends to be more extra-parliamentary and non-institutional
action. Precisely, the ‘68’ ers students revolt were lead by neat students, who in the
60s often wore suits and met with Rector. Thus, there must be taken some cautions to
clarify, how ascribing activism will shed a particular light on the circumstances and
rewrite the movement’s self-image.
Corrigall-Brown approaches the question as a balancing of identity, naming
and socializing into a group (2012: 106). She reveals that (leftist) ideology often is
formative for an (activist) ideology. The awkward conclusion is that some right-
winged activists in social movement organizations are not activist and do not operate
in social movement organization, because they do not like the connotations of social
movements and activism. Thus, I risk biasing my project and repelling right-winged
readers.
Corrigall-Brown acknowledges the problem but according to her these move-
ment persons still are activists, because they fit the analytical definition. I still wonder
where to come down on this problem and apply the concept of activism. I believe a
pragmatic solution would be to be open for other concept of participation and let the
empirical evidence guide me in whether to categorize it as protestors, members, crit-
ics or organizers.
Research
design
McAdam compares in Freedom Summer (1990) the activist with a control
group of non-participating but applying students. Taking this and Munson’s (2010)
method of sampling through referrals of non-activists as an instructive method I plan
to compare the activist group of students at the University of Copenhagen, primarily
with a control group of friends and students at the same time and place, either sam-
pled by random assignment from the cohort of student in ‘68’ or through referrals
from student activists in ‘68’ and secondly with a national sample.
The social movement readings on biographical junctures and participation
(McAdam, 2010; Corrigall-Brown, 2012 and Munson, 2010) made me think about the
misconception that people generally tend to think that social movement activism is a
part of teenage revolts against reproduced patriarchal structures and that perceived
grievances calm down over time and life course. The underlying logic is that as peo-
ple get older and have work nine to five, they tend to be more conservative and not
11. Professor Kim Voss SOC 280S: Social Movements
Malte Nyfos Mathiasen (maltenyfos@berkeley.edu) May 15, 14
engage in contentious politics. I do not claim that this is absolutely false. But I believe
there is more to grasp and that people’s life trajectory and social network are better
predictors of activism. My hypothesis would be, instead of an average petty bourgeois
life after the initial (youthful) activism, the activist involved in social movement ac-
tivities in the 60s also were core actors in the 70s and 80s movements against war,
nuclear power etc. and their values were quite consistent over time. This could reveal
that activist identities, when first established, were stabile and reinforced through so-
cial ties.
As far as my research review goes I have not met any sociological accounts of
the ‘68’ers in a Danish context. My scope would therefore primarily build on histori-
cal accounts and research from Germany or the US case of Berkeley, where the scope
conditions can translate to a small country with 5 million citizens and the capital’s
university of Copenhagen with 10-20.000 students in 1968.
Storytelling
and
life
courses
as
a
method
It is difficult to filter accounts of storytelling and post justification that people
add to their earlier speech and act, which can make it appear more rational or directed
against a revised target or interest. On one hand I want some biographical and move-
ment story telling, but on the other hand I want a realistic rather than altruistic ac-
count. The following attempts to uncover, how I can better separate the meaning,
which activists’ attribute to their activity, and the activity and cultural meaning, which
other perceived it by.
People are revisionist and especially, when it comes to values and identity
lifestyle they possessed but might not align how they consider themselves today. To
prevent and triangulate a revisionist bias, it might be useful to search for measure-
ments of, what the movement and activists did rather than what they say. Archival
material of meetings, minutes and activities and extrovert public repertories might be
preferable sources to meet these ends. By this approach I hope to encapsulate the in-
teraction between storytelling in the movement and the activists’ actions and values
(Poletta, 1998).
Petitt &Western (2004) use a framework of life cycles to explore how impris-
onment (or military service) by chock and socializing mechanisms can alter people
12. Professor Kim Voss SOC 280S: Social Movements
Malte Nyfos Mathiasen (maltenyfos@berkeley.edu) May 15, 14
life trajectories. Their work is instructive to inform how different socioeconomic
groups and generational cohorts with 5-year time-spans and are affected by common
life events. I hope to be able to create a similar index, though my sample probably has
fewer individuals and thus a statistical analysis might end up insignificant. Therefore,
the robustness of my analysis depend on a success to have a fairly large sample and
also have some data on the sampled population.
Data
I will find interview participants through a snowballing method from historical
accounts at the University of Copenhagen and the University Councils record. I ex-
pect participants, who have already stated their opinion about the generation and stu-
dent revolt to be leading and readily available account, which need to be countered by
more restrained voices.
There also exist a fairly amount of historical account related to the 40 years
commemoration of the Student Rebellion (Andersen & Olsen, 2004; Frei, 2008; Jen-
sen & Jørgensen, 2008; Scandinavian Journal of History, 33(4), 2008; Gildea et al.,
2013). I also encountered a very informative radio series with many oral histories
from the public Danish Broadcasting Corporation (where several of the activists later
have worked and one became the Director General) (68 dengang og nu, 2008).
1. Review the historical records and archival material in order find out more accurate-
ly, how people at the time talked about the ‘68’ers movement and student revolt and
who and where the central actors and activities unfolded.
2. Survey send to 50-500 political activists and corresponding non-participants. To
establish a control group I will firstly, ask the surveyed to refer me to a non-
participating friend from the University and crosscheck for duplicates and secondly,
try to find records of the cohort from ‘68’ at the University and randomly assign peo-
ple to the survey. I depend upon one of the above sampling strategies to establish a
most similar control group. The second option is preferable, since I achieve a control
group without sampling on the depending variable and thereby skewing the student
sample by the fact that activist and referred friends tend to be more alike than aver-
age. As a last step, I need a national statistical survey to compare the students and
general population. In contrast to the student sample, a culture and value survey exist
13. Professor Kim Voss SOC 280S: Social Movements
Malte Nyfos Mathiasen (maltenyfos@berkeley.edu) May 15, 14
over time and thus I can substantiate a cultural shift, which often have been attributed
to the ‘68’ers.
3. Biographical interviews with 50 political activists in the ‘68’ers student and univer-
sity protest. With biographical interviews and the survey above I also seek to identify,
if they activist student were different beforehand or became different due to the activi-
ties and social processes of activism.
4. Statistics Denmark has very detailed register data from the 70s (or maybe first in
the 80s). To the extend, I can and am allowed access, I will have data on an individual
level for the activists and firms, in which they have worked. The data can be coupled
with other data. I do not know yet, if this gives me a unique opportunity or only limits
me, since I have to meet sociological standards of confidentiality and anonymization
and thus cannot connect all the dots without identifying the individuals.
Comparison
and
measurement
1. A Comparative discourse analysis of the ’68’ers Generation in 68, 78, 88, 98
and 2008.
2. A general comparative value and culture survey conducted by Statistics Den-
mark from 1960 to 2010.
3. A comparison between the activist student and the control group of 1) either a)
student friends referrals or b) randomized sampled student from Copenhagen
University in 68’
Expected
findings
and
arguments
Until a year ago the Danish minister of Business Affairs Ole Sohn was criti-
cized for his past being a former leader of the communist party until the fall of the
Berlin Wall and collapse of the Soviet Republic in 89’. Before him the Minister of
Welfare Karen Hækkerup and her husband become infamous for her shift from the
Socialist Left to the largest conservative-liberal party over a 40 years time span. Me-
dia and public opinion gloat over this inconsistency or hypocrisy but also contribute
to produce a myth of political conformism over time, which I do not expect to be true
except from among some top politician. I anticipate my study will show larger varia-
tion and that the average student activist in the ‘68’ers movement had quite consistent
political and cultural belief
14. Professor Kim Voss SOC 280S: Social Movements
Malte Nyfos Mathiasen (maltenyfos@berkeley.edu) May 15, 14
Munson (2010) showed that a third of Pro-Life Activists earlier tended to-
wards the opposite Pro-Choice belief, and he also contested value and belief coher-
ence over time. I believe this is a far-reaching finding, which needs to be replicated in
other settings. Instead, I would hypothesize that a more consistent value and belief
system exist among the participating activists. It will also show up recurrent activism
over time acquired and maintained through social ties.
I also have a an issue with how Munson unilaterally states that belief does not
matter, when I would hypothesize there exist much evidence, which suggest that ac-
tion shapes activists and other participants’ beliefs. My inquiry to review the concept
of activists, generation and culture is driven by an urge to revise his theory about be-
lief, and instead I will communicate the social movement theory in a prominent Dan-
ish case and deliver a stronger argument that culture, identity or ideology have been
shaped through the ‘68’ers activism, action and social processes.
15. Professor Kim Voss SOC 280S: Social Movements
Malte Nyfos Mathiasen (maltenyfos@berkeley.edu) May 15, 14
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