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Red-Light-Running Camera
The document outlines a study on the effectiveness of red-light running camera (RLC) systems in Opelika, Alabama, focusing on their safety, operational impact, and economic performance. Key findings include a 40% reduction in violation rates and significant changes in crash types, but unclear overall safety effects in the local context. The methodology involved literature review, data collection, and analysis, with a timeline for implementation and reporting set from January 2014 to December 2015.
Red-Light-Running Camera
- 1. Red-Light-Running Camera Dr. Huaguo Zhou FatemehBaratian Isaac Wasilefsky Auburn University, Department of Civil Engineering
- 2. Background • RLR crash,the most common/most severe type of crash • More than 165,000 injuries in 2008 • RLC supplement Law enforcement efforts • No study evaluates the effectiveness of RLCs in AL • National Survey • Opponents: a tool to gather revenue • Sufficient researches • Safety benefits
- 3. Objectives Evaluate the effectivenessof RLC systems in Opelika 1.Safety Impact 2.Operational Impact Quantify the economic performance
- 4. Methodology Literature review Find Required data Data collection Analyze data EB method Study driver’s behavior Calculate capacity reduction Suggestion based on the results Where to install How much fine
- 5. Literature Review 1. Evaluationof camera’s safety effects (16) 2. RLCs Site Selection (6) 3. RLR Behaviors (4)
- 6. 1- Past findingsof safety effects • Reduced violation rate by about 40% during the first year • Reduced right-angle crashes (injury and fatal) 19% - 32% • Increased rear-end crashes (PDO) up to 40% • The costs were offset by benefits
- 7. 2- Studies ofRLCs Site Selection Effective factors: •AADT, high ratio of RA to RE crashes, shorter inter-green periods and cycle length •Collision severity, commercial vehicles, net economic cost, feasibility of site installation •High number of collisions, dispersion of intersections •Larger number of lanes of the primary-street, fully actuated traffic signals
- 8. 3- Studies ofRLR Behaviors • Increase in average traffic speed, and heavy vehicles, reduces RLR in low AADT • Violators under 30, not speeding • 94% within 2 s, between 2 PM and 3 PM • Shorter green-to-cycle time, increase in time to cross, and following another vehicle suggests a lower likelihood
- 9. Two studies inAlabama 1. A pilot study of feasibility for using RLC (2003) 2. A general guideline developed to assist site selection and implementation of RLC program in Alabama (2014)
- 10. RLC in Alabama 8communities in Alabama: •Birmingham •Center Point •Foley •Midfield •Montgomery •Opelika •Phoenix City •Tuscaloosa
- 11. RLC in Opelika,AL • April 1, 2013 • The overall safety effect is not clear.
- 12. Required Information The exactlocation of RLCs Traffic volume for each approach per hour Intersection geometric features Signing and publicity Speed limit ? Program start and end date ? Citation ? Crash and violation frequency (Min 2 weeks for #/h and 3 years before and after for #/year) ? Signal timing and control type
- 13. Crash frequency • Right-angleplus rear-end crashes • Not clearly defined in crash reports • Make an estimate
- 14.
- 15. Next Steps 1. Safetyimpact: CARE, EB method 2. Operational Impact: Field data collection, Lost time 3. Economic performance: CARE, Crash reduction benefit, Cost of the camera
- 16. Timeline • Starting fromJanuary1st , 2014 • Literature Review (April 1st , 2014) • Identify Required Information (May 1st , 2014) • Field Observation (June 15th , 2014) • Data Collection (September 15th , 2014) • Data Analysis (March 1st , 2015) • Interpretation of Results & Recommendation (August 1st , 2015) • Report (December 31st , 2015)
- 17.
Editor's Notes
- #3 No studies were found to evaluate the safety effectiveness of RLCs in Alabama National survey of drivers in communities with and without camera showed that the majority of drivers support this program. opponents claim this system is a tool to gather revenue for government. Considering the controversial nature of RLCs, sufficient researches are needed to prove there is a safety concern in deploying photo enforcement. Safety benefits needs to be realized for selected sites and then sites should be selected for treatment by government officials.
- #5 the severity and risk of RLR crashes is associated with the time vehicle enter the intersection after the onset of red indication on their approach.probability of right-angle crashes is highest when vehicles enter the intersection after the end of all-red interval, because the traffic flow starts from perpendicular approaches. Determine when vehicles stop passing line, define the fine rate Lost time ( Lt ): time during which the intersection is not effectively used by any approach. This occurs during the change interval or the clearance time, (change interval lost time) and at the beginning of each green indication as the first few cars in a standing queue experience start-up delays (start up lost time) The change interval lost time is estimated by the amount of the change interval not used by vehicles; this is generally a portion of the yellow plus all-red intervals. Having camera, vehicles start to brake sooner, so capacity will decrease. For each approach of intersection can calculate the capacity before and after camera installation.
- #6 RLCs Site Selection (6) including 2 guidelines
- #7 The costs from the increase in REs were offset by benefits from decrease in RAs
- #8 Higher traffic volume
- #9 Most violators under 30, were not speeding 94% happened within 2 s of the red light, between 2 PM and 3 PM Shorter green-to-cycle time, an increase in expected time to cross either the stop bar or the intersection, and the following of another vehicle suggests a lower likelihood of drivers to run the red light. presence of a RLC only deters would-be red light runners
- #10 There were two research projects on RLC by ALDOT. A pilot study of feasibility for using RLC for Alabama in 2003 A general guideline developed to assist site selection and implementation of RLC program in Alabama in 2014 The purpose of this document is to provide consistent guidance for ALDOT Region/Division/District Offices as well as local agencies for the implementation of RLR cameras at signalized intersections.
- #12 Beginning April 1, 2013, RLCs were turned on at four different intersections in Opelika, AL. The overall safety effect of the installed RLCs at those intersections is not clear.
- #13 Shorter green-to-cycle time, an increase in expected time to cross either the stop bar or the intersection, and the following of another vehicle suggests a lower likelihood of drivers to run the red light. presence of a RLC only deters would-be red light runners
- #14 crashes in the intersection physical area where violator is running the light plus rear-end crashes that are the consequence of camera installation occurring in the approach queue. Since these types of crashes are not clearly defined in crash reports, a combination of related variables was used to make an estimate