Real estate pre license

Real Estate Pre- License Steve McTyeire SteveMcT@gmail.com 205-807-5200 NewLocationRealty.com AlabamaRealEstateClass.com

Alabama Salesperson License 100 General knowledge questions + 40 Alabama Law Topic # of Questions on Test Session Listing Property 34 1 Selling Property 22 2 Property Management 12 2 Settlement/Transfer 17 3 Financing 12 3 Professional Responsibilities 3 3 Alabama Law 40 4

State Test Schedule with goamp.com 4 days in advance $71 9AM or 1:30PM If 15 minutes late, must reschedule & pay again H&R Block Office Lakeshore by Wal-Mart On Crestwood across from Home Depot 2 forms of ID – Government issued with picture Plus another with signature 3 ½ hours They will give you pencils and paper Can take in calculator only

1A - Listing Legal Description Lot size Physical dimensions of structure Appurtenances Utilities Type of construction Encumbrances Compliance with building codes Ownership of record Homeowners association bylaws and fees Brokerage fee Property Taxes

Metes & Bounds Government, Rectangular or Geodetic Plat – Lot & Block – Subdivision

Legal Description Sufficient that a surveyor can find property boundary Metes and Bounds – 1st system – Pilgrims & Plymouth Rock Metes (Distance) & Bounds (Direction) POB (Point of Beginning) Then describe M&B around the boundary to POB Monument – (natural or artificial) marks POB or corners More important than quoted distance (more or less) Benchmarks – reference point to mark distance Datum – reference point to measure elevation

Legal Description Sufficient that a surveyor can find property boundary Government, Rectangular, or Geodetic Survey Base Lines – township line – Tennessee/Alabama line 6 miles south is another township line & each 6 miles south is another This 6 mile strip from Mississippi to Georgia is a township tier It is called township 1 south or T1S Range Lines – Run north and south every 6 miles Huntsville is the beginning point –Principle Meridian Everything west of Huntsville is labeled W R1W is the 6 mile strip of land to the west of Huntsville Township– Intersection of 2 township lines and 2 range lines

Legal Description Sufficient that a surveyor can find property boundary Hoover is in: T19S R3W Huntsville Meridian

Legal Description Sufficient that a surveyor can find property boundary Section – Each township contains 36 sections Sections are 1 mile X 1 mile Mile is 5,280 feet (Oak Mountain is 5 miles down Hwy 280) Each section contains 640 acres Acre is 43,560 square feet (Ask at the 7-11 store about a acre) Football field is 48,000 square feet, Walmart -2 acres M/L Acre is 208.71 feet X 208.71 feet Correction lines – government check corrects for earth’s curvature 24 miles square – 4 townships X 4 townships West side of this square will lose square footage as the line goes north - creating Fractional sections / government lots – odd size sections

Legal Description Sufficient that a surveyor can find property boundary Section 16 is school section NW1/4 of the SW1/4 of section 12 T19S R3W Huntsville Meridian 640 / 4 = 160 / 4 = 40 acres

Legal Description Sufficient that a surveyor can find property boundary Lot & Block or Recorded Plat - Subdivision Legal Description for Lot & Block Lot # Block # Subdivision Name County State

Legal Description Sufficient that a surveyor can find property boundary Personal Easement ends upon death of either party – get to lake by neighbor Easement Appurtenant – recorded Runs with the land – driveway in this survey Easement by necessity – needed for Ingress & Egress - landlocked Easement by prescription – Claimant uses property HOT CAN Set back lines – on all sides - How close structure can be to property lines Bulk Zoning - - No structure over certain height – Airport approach Sketch Survey – states property’s legal description Spot survey – shows location & shapes of buildings on lot

Calculating physical dimensions of Lot & Structure Lot size 450 X 484 = 217,800 square feet Structure size 60 feet X 40 feet = 2,400 square feet Lot 1 , Block 1, Green Acres 484 feet Spot’s House 40 feet 60 feet 450 feet – Front Foot

Legal Description Sufficient that a surveyor can find property boundary Calculating size Lot is 450’ x 484’ = 217,800 square feet First # is front foot (street) Land in this area sells for about $30,000 per acre What is the market value of this lot? 217,800 / 43,560 = 5 acres x $30,000 = $150,000 Spot’s house is 60’ x 40’ = 2400 square feet Only heated and cooled area above ground is included in living area Comparable homes sell for about $120 per square foot plus land cost What is the market value for this house and land? 2400 x $120 = $288,000 + $150,000 land = $438,000 Market Value, Price, and Cost are not necessarily related

$438,000 Market Value How much is a 10% commission? How much is a 5% commission? Divide the 10% fee in half to $21,900 Listing broker splits 50/50 with selling broker Listing agent gets 60/40 split with company How much was check to agent?

438,000 X .05 = $21,900 total commission 50% to selling broker = $10,950 Listing broker then splits 60% to listing agent = $6,570 40% to listing brokerage = $4,380

New buyer got an 80% LTV mortgage How much was loan?

$438,000 X .8 = $350,400 loan Buyer paid origination fee of 1 point A point is 1 % of loan How much for fee? $3,504 Buyer paid 3 discount points Increases lender’s yield by 3/8 % How much for points? $10,512 Loan points are based on loan amount May be added into loan

Interest rate is 6% on $350,400 How much is payment (amortized loan) of 30 years Rate chart 30 years @ 6% = Factor of 6 350.4 X 6 = $2,102 payment of Principle & Interest Taxes and Insurance will be on top of P&I It’s a PITI the payment is so much

$2,102 monthly payment $350,400 loan X 6% (.06) / 12 = interest first month $21,040 annual interest / 12 months = $1,752 first month interest $2,102 payment - $1,752 interest = $350 principle Entire first year’s principle will only be about $4,200 First year’s interest will be about $21,000 Second month loan balance $350,400 - $350 = $350,050 Second month interest $350,050 X .06 = 21,003 / 12 = $1,750

Proration Closing on 21th of month Use banker’s year of 360 days, 12 months, 30 day month Prepay interest for 10 days, includes day of closing $350,400 X .06 = $21,024 / 360 = $58.40 per day X 10 days = $584.00 Pays interest for balance of month of closing First payment will be due the 1st of second month Will include interest for first month after closing

Legal Description Sufficient that a surveyor can find property boundary Appurtenance – attachment of rights , benefits, that transfer with real property Tangible- touchable – physical Building and improvements Ceiling fan is personal property until attached Intangible – rights and privileges – easements Easement – right to use the land of another May be attached or personal Appurtenant easement Benefits a parcel of real estate Involves two tracts of land owned by two different people Dominate easement benefits Servient easement is burdened – Serves another License – right to use another’s land for a reason – fishing Revocable & Terminates upon death of either party

Water Rights Riparian- Ripples, Rivers Non-navigable own to center Navigable - own to edge of water Littoral – Lunar, Large lakes Own to high water mark Water passing through land May use Must not be stopped, polluted

Property rights include rights below & above surface Subsurface support Subsurface minerals Rights may be sold separately Airspace above property Limited to usable space Owner can’t stop airplanes from flying over property Subject to government controls Solar rights

Legal Description Sufficient that a surveyor can find property boundary Utility – 2 definitions Power, gas, cable services provided to a property Use for a particular reason Encumbrance Any claim, lien, charge or liability that attaches to real estate Not a possessory interest 2 general classifications Lien – usually monetary - mortgage Encumbrance – restriction, easement – utility

Utilities & Availability Power, cable and phone can be underground, if so Will be put in by developer when they put in Water, Sewer, Streets, Curbs, Gutters, & Sidewalks Some older and rural areas may have well water Utility boxes and poles are usually close to property lines May have private sewer system Or Septic Tank – Must be cleaned out about every 5 years Cable sometimes may not be in new community Satellite dishes are normal fixtures in new home community Natural gas may not be available in all areas, if not Propane tanks have restrictions , environmental

Construction Types Site Built Bricks & Sticks Modular Built off site and trucked in modules, assembled Mobile Trailer – Wheel Estate

Construction Exterior - Residential Slab Crawl Foundation Full, Partial Poured concrete Block Exterior Brick Siding Wood Vinyl EFIS – Synthetic Stucco Roof Shingle Metal

Construction Interior - Residential Floors Concrete slab or wood sub-floor Ceramic tile Vinyl tile Wood Real Laminate Carpet

Construction Interior - Residential Walls and ceilings are normally sheetrock Wall studs will be 16” apart Ceiling joist will be 24” apart Ceilings Smooth, Textured Cathedral, 9 foot, Tray

Ownership of Record You are Here

Homeowner’s Association CC&R

Homeowner’s Association FeesSquare Footage in MLS

Brokerage Fee Fee or Commission charged for facilitating transaction Never discuss company’s commission with outside agents Violation of Anti-Trust Law (Sherman Act) Fee may be based on flat charge, percentage, or by hour Commission usually is a percentage of sales price Commission is divided into two parts Listing – Agency that secured the property owner (seller) Selling - Agency that found buyer May be split equally between both agencies or not - DRC Broker splits commission with agent 50/50 to 80/20 Plus fees More sales volume will usually get higher split Some brokers charge a fee to agent each month and pay higher %

Property TaxMillageRates 29,411 / 405,120 = 0.0725 mils Use T formula to solve One of PETE’s powers Police Eminent Domain Tax Escheat

Questions on Legal Description

Is the street address sufficient as a legal description?

What makes a legal description sufficient?

What are the 3 methods of legal descriptions

What is another name for rectangular survey?

Which direction do townships tiers run?

The intersection of township tiers and ranges are what?

Where is T19S, R3W Huntsville Meridian located?

How many sections are in a township?

How many acres are in a section?

640 acres = 1 section = 1 mile X 1 mile

What section is due north of section 1?

Where in the section is NW ¼ of the SW ¼ located?

Where in the section is NW ¼ of the SW ¼ located? X

How many square feet are in an acre?

Ask at the 7-11 about how big an acre is 43,560 Acre is 208.71 feet X 208.71 feet square

How long is one side of a section in feet?

How big is a government check correction?

What elements must be included in a lot & block description?

1 Lot & Block number 2 Name or number of the subdivision plat 3 Name of county and state

Sketch Survey – shows location and dimensions of land Spot Survey – Spot’s house on survey Shows location and size of buildings

What is the difference in an assessment & an appraisal?

How is the priority of liens established?

1B Assessment of property value Location Anticipated Changes Depreciation Deterioration Obsolescence Improvements Economic Trends Market Data

Location – Location - Location RCA IS Zoning Begin with big picture City – Area – Neighborhood – Street Waterfront, Corner, Rural Population centers are based on some natural feature Birmingham was settled due to minerals used to make steel Iron Ore, Coal, Lime When a mining town’s minerals are depleted the town Adapts Dies

Cities will form based on interdependence with others Central Town Performs a variety of services for the surrounding area First based on farming services Transportation Service Town Central point based on ports, rail, rivers, road intersections Special Service Town Mining, Manufacturing, Government

Neighborhoods exist in relation to the communities' Social Economic Political Transportation Resources Topography

Principle of Expectation (anticipation) People base their actions on what they expect to happen If we think property values will increase we buy If we think property values will decrease we rent and wait Based on the town’s direction of growth Toward something Undeveloped land Another town Transportation node Fear that town is in decline Belief that town will grow towards an area

Substitution principle Maximum value of property is set by availability of equally desirable property Foundation of the sales comparison approach

Anticipated changes Land use changes slowly over time Zoning changes from: Agricultural to Industrial Manufacturing Commercial Office Retail Residential Single family Multifamily

Economic Trends Four Phases of neighborhood change Development Stable Decline Renaissance

Depreciation Accounting entry for tax Cost recovery of investment through tax deduction Straight line Same amount over many years Residential investment 39 ½ years Commercial 50 years Accelerated More depreciation up front Not based on actual physical depreciation

Depreciation Actual loss of value due to any cause Land does not ordinarily depreciate Improvements depreciate Deterioration Deferred Maintenance Not painting leads to wood rot

Obsolescence Functional 5 bedroom, 1 bath May be curable if cost to cure is economically feasible Convert a bedroom to a bath Or may be incurable Cost more to upgrade than is worth 6 story office building with no elevator, plumbing or electrical External Obsolescence – Incurable External of property Toxic dump next door

Improvements Too much will add more cost than can be recovered Gold fixtures in a mobile home Progression – Value of modest homes will come up to larger, fancier homes Regression – Larger, fancier homes will not be worth as much as in neighborhood of smaller homes

Law of increasing returns Value will increase until a point Improvements will add to value up to a point Electricity and plumbing in a log home will increase its value Law of diminishing returns Beyond a point improvement will not add to value New vinyl floor in mobile home bathroom will increase value Italian Marble tile in this bathroom will not return investment

Plottage Principle that land will have more value if plots are combined Assemblage – process of combining plots Highest and best use Situs – preference for a site

DUST Demand Utility Scarcity Transferability

Value What you think it should sell for Price What it actually sells for Cost What it cost to build Not necessarily related Closest relationship is new construction

Supply & Demand Supply factors Labor availability Construction Cost Government policy Fiscal policy Demand factors Population growth Demographics Employment rates

Market Data General Data - Secondary Includes social , demographic, economic Collected by government or other agencies Specific Data – Primary - refers to that specific property Collected by appraiser

What are some of the things to consider about location?

What changes would happen if an interstate went 5 miles west of a town and put in an interchange?

What are the zonings classifications?

What would happen if a city raised its taxes too much?

What happens to a mill town when the factory shuts down?

What happens to a country town that gets a new industry with thousands of new jobs?

What happens to the smaller towns around the new factory?

What is depreciation to an accountant?

How does depreciation help the economy?

What will lead to major repairs?

What are some examples of deferred maintenance?

What is an example of functional obsolescence?

What is an example of external obsolescence?

What is the difference in curable & incurable obsolescence?

Would $30,000 worth of landscaping be an over improvement in a neighborhood of modest homes?

Do you think the $30,000 in landscaping is an over improvement for a million dollar home?

Where do appraisers get information?

If home prices have gone up 6% a year for 20 years, will they go up 6% next year?

If a new Walmart Supercenter opened across from your 40 acre farm, how would you feel?

What is an example of an improvement to property?

1C Services to the Seller Responsibilities of the licensee and the listing firm Explain the concept of property subdivision Inquire about hidden defects known by the owner Information about required disclosures Property included in and excluded from the sale Personal property and real property differences Net Proceeds estimation Completion of listing agreement, provision to seller Determination that parties holding title sign listing Explain showing the house and ways to safeguard property

1C Services to the Seller Describe methods of marketing property Presentation of offers to the seller Property tax information Develop and maintain transaction files Deed restrictions and covenants Forms of ownership interest, issues related to conveyance Fair Housing Law Comparative market analysis – sales comparison approach Comparative market analysis – Income derived from use Independent appraisal necessity

1C Services to the Seller Determine when an inspection is necessary Non-ownership interest in real property Planning and zoning

Responsibilities of Licensee and Listing Firm May be Agency or Transaction Broker Agency – Listing – Client –Principle – Fiduciary Work For Client COLD AC Duties Confidentiality – Any information gained in confidence Obedience – Perform all lawful acts Loyalty – Put Clients interest above agent’s Disclosure of Material Facts Accountability of all funds Care – Reasonable

Alabama – Representation Single Agent – Agency – must have signed agreement Works FOR one party Dual Agent - Agency Works FOR both parties – must have signed agreement Transaction Broker (or their agent) – no written agreement Works WITH one or both parties – Non Agency Sub-Agent – works on behalf of listing broker Not used any longer – Agency agreement must be in writing - Express No Implied agency Transaction Broker is default relationship

Listing Agreement usually creates agency between Principle – property owner And Broker – Listing belongs to broker, not agent Unless directed by seller, all offers must be presented

Types of agents Universal Power of Attorney - May sign deed Can do anything permitted in name of principle General Property Manager Can do specific allowed things like have building painted Specific Real Estate Agent Limited authority to do things like show home to buyer Can not sign contract for principle

Subdivisions Subdivider Buys large parcel of land Surveyor and engineer determine best division into lots Puts in roads and utilities Must be approved by government agency Recorded as plat map Book/Page Developer Buys lots from Subdivider and builds homes Subdivider and Developer may be same company

Subdivider or developer will also record Private restrictions Covenants, Conditions & Restrictions – CC&R Restricts use of property to ways that will enhance value May be more restrictive than zoning regulations Zoning may allow 3 homes per acre CC&R may only allow 1

Disclosure – Alabama is “Caveat Emptor” - Buyer Beware No required seller disclosure statement in Alabama Must disclose Known latent defects Latent – hidden, not easily discovered Patent - easily discovered Includes health or safety defects If Agency- must disclose everything known by agent No duty to discover Caveat Emptor does not apply to Health & Safety Assumption of Duty New Construction Direct Question

Alabama required forms: RECAD – Real Estate Consumer Agency Disclosure At first contact before any confidential information is disclosed to another Lead Based Paint Disclosure Pre-1978 homes

Misrepresentation Material Fact not disclosed Fraud if: You made statement, or not Buyer, Seller relied on information Someone was harmed

Property included in or excluded from the sale Real Property Land from center of earth to reasonable height above Includes mineral and water rights These may be sold separately Includes appurtenances – runs with the land All rights, privileges and improvements that transfer with land May be tangible (can touch) easement Or non-tangible - right to use

Personal Property Things that are tangible and moveable, not real property Chattels ( also called personalty) Title to personal property is transferred by “bill of sale”

Seed – personal property Planted seed - real property Tree – real property - Fructus naturales Severed tree – personal property Tree cut into lumber – personal property Lumber nailed to house – real property

Fructus industriales Annual crops are considered personal property - emblements Fructus naturales Uncultivated crops and trees are considered real property Trade fixtures Necessary for business operation – personal property Must be removed prior to lease termination Any damage must be repaired

Listing Agreement May be Agency or Non Agency Must have expiration Date No Automatic renewals Must leave copy with principle Must retain copy for 3 years Net Sheet – not required, but recomended Must be in writing to enforce commission Deed has names of all owners Deed does not prove ownership

Showing Property Clutter Clean Staging Lights Smells Pets Cookies Action – fans running Security

Marketing property MLS Websites Realtor.com Trulia.com Other agents Caravan Postcard to neighbors Flyer Box - Publisher Yard sign Agent open house Public open house Follow up Follow up Follow up

Presentation of offers to seller Must present all written offers unless instructed otherwise Get as much earnest money as possible Not required for valid offer Must prepare net sheet Keep emotions in check Remember who you are working for Multiple offers Have other agent present their offer Counter best in primary position Place time limit on response Any mark other than signature voids offer Counter offer is actually a new offer

Forms of Ownership in Real Estate Easy as 1, 2, 3 1 - One Owner (severalty) severed from others Married person may hold property in severalty 2 - persons may hold title together as: Joint Tenants with right of survivorship Most likely husband and wife PITT – Title passes to other holder upon death of other owner Tenants in common – interest may not be equal Upon death title passes to heirs 3 – Trust 3 parties Trustor (creates trust) Trustee (holder of title) Beneficiary (benefits from trust)

Issues related to conveyance of real property Seller responsible for delivering marketable title Deliver property as contracted Title Insurance Deed must be delivered during Grantor’s lifetime Acknowledgement – Notarize to record- constructive notice Buyer must pay purchase price

Fair Housing Protected Classes FRESH CORN Familial Status – family with children Race – Civil Rights 1866 Equal Opportunity for everyone Sex Handicap – includes AIDS Color O E&O insurance won’t cover violation Religion Nationality

Income Approach Investor requires a return on money

“T” Formula ________Results________$10,000 Commission Paid Base Rate $100,000 Sales Price .10 (or 10%) Commission Rate Rate is expressed as a decimal Multiply bottom #s or divide top # by bottom # Base X Rate or Results / Base or Results / Rate Results / Base = Rate 10,000 / 100,000 = .10 Results / Rate = Base 10,000 / .10 = 100,000 Results = Base X Rate 10,000 = 100,000 X .10 : : : : X X

Capitalization Rate = Return on investment “T” Formula Results Base Rate Investor demands a 10% Return; could be 15% or any number This as the Rate in the “T” Formula - Must change to decimal .10 Rate always goes on bottom right You may not get the net income, but be given the numbers to calculate it The way to calculate net income isGIVEN GI $100,000 Gross Income: 100 apartments renting for $1000 per month V - $5,000Vacancy is 5% (of Gross Income) E- $30,000Expenses are 30% (of Gross Income) N = $65,000 Net Income (Before Taxes) Net income for one month, so multiply by 12 to get annual income = $780,000 $780,000 is the Result,(top #) you know the Rate (bottom right #) is .10 you want the Base (bottom left) Divide the Net Income (Results) of $780,000 by the Rate of .10 : : X

_____________$780,000___________ $7,800,000 .10 Capitalization Rate in this example is 10% This apartment has a market value of $7,800,000 at a capitalization Rate of 10% What if it sold for $5,000,000? This means that the market (investors) require a higher rate of return of 15.6% Calculator said 0.156 With the “T” Formula, if you get an answer that look wrong, swap the Base # with the Result # and recalculate 7,800,000 / 780,000 would give a rate of return of 1000% and you would know that is wrong Remember to move the decimal point two places to the right to get the percent .10 = 10% : : X

Appraisal is an estimate of market value Appraisers are licensed - 2500 hour training Appraisal necessary when: Federally related transaction Residential property above $250,000 Appraisers use verifiable information Allows lender to get independent opinion of value

Inspections are advised in a caveat emptor (buyer beware) Home Inspection Surface look at all systems Many suggest a roofer to evaluate roof is needed Not guaranteed Don’t recommend your one and only favorite inspector Separate inspections – not done by home inspector Wood Infestation Termite Survey is an inspection of the boundaries

Non- ownership interest Lease Interest of tenant Quiet enjoyment Estate for life Reversion interest goes back to grantor of estate Remainder man interest goes to another person Easements

Zoning Boards Variance Change Flood FEMA.gov Shelby County sinkholes

What are the fiduciary duties?

How does a subdivision get started?

What is the name of the subdivision map when it is recorded?

Who puts in the streets in a subdivision?

What is a hidden defect called?

What duty does an agent have to discover latent defects?

What if an agent knows about a structural defect?

What if the seller tells the agent not to disclose the toxic mold in the basement?

What year is the Lead Paint Disclosure required?

Can mineral rights be sold separately from the land?

What happens to the growing crops when a lease expires?

What is the difference between real and personal property?

Who gets a copy of a net sheet?

Who signs a listing agreement?

What must a listing agreement have?

Can the developer impose restrictions you may not like?

What are the different forms of ownership in real property?

What are the bundle of rights in real estate? UPEED

What are the protected classes in Fair Housing? FRESH CORN

Can you discriminate based on credit score?

How does the sales comparison approach work?

How does the income approach work?

What is a capitalization rate?

When is an appraisal required?

Why is a home inspection needed?

If you learn about a latent defect through the inspection, will you need to disclose this to anyone?

What is a less desirable ownership than fee simple?

If a rental property sells, can the new landlord raise the rent?

What is a period to period tenancy?

What is an estate at sufferance?

Can the city restrict how many people can live in a house?

2 Selling Property A - Services to the buyer

Relationship and responsibilities of the licensee Agency COLD AC Non-Agency HARD? Consumer Customer Client

Rights of Ownership UPEED Use Possession Enjoyment Exclusion Disposition

Types of ownership Easy as 123

Buying power Keep it simple Front end debt to income ratio Income per week = monthly payment At 6% interest, each $1000 financed is $6 per month $100,000 loan for 30 years is $600 per month This loan requires $600 per week income

Back end ratio Payments on recurring debt (car loan) Plus New mortgage payment Must be < 36% of income

Buyer income = $4,000 month Ratios are .28 income, front, .36 total debt, back 4,000 X .36 = $2,400 (total debt allowed) Can qualify for $1,120 monthly house payment 28% Can have $1,280 in other debt payments Car Credit Cards Other Loans

How much house payment is allowed for $4,000 monthly income? 4000 X .28 = 1,120 How much loan is possible at 6% interest Interest factor of 6 Only place numbers match is at 6% and a factor of 6 1120 / 6 = $186,666

Closer to the debt ratios, higher the risk (rate)

Finance options VA 100% Guaranteed by government Funding Fee (mortgage insurance) 2-3% FHA down payment of about 3 ½ % Insured (mortgage insurance premium of ½%) added to rate Conventional 80% LTV Not insured

Special Financing Builder Buy downs Closing Cost Rural Bond Owner Balloon Employer assistance NACA.com

Buyer needs & wants Need 2 bedrooms, want 3 Need Heat, want AC Need backyard, want big fenced backyard Need school, want Hoover Schools Our buyer can get a loan of $186,666 Their like the homes priced around $250,000 What can they do?

Trust Accounts – FDIC insured bank in Alabama

Financial Statements for Owner

Actual Eviction When Tenant breaches lease Landlord must file suit for possession Serve notice Court Landlord may not change locks or turn off utilities Constructive Eviction When landlord breaches lease Time to comply Alabama Landlord and Tenant Act

Clauses in Management Agreement Clause in Lease

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