The document summarizes the chemical resistance of GEHR PVC-U at room temperature and 60°C. It lists various chemicals and their concentrations and rates PVC-U as resistant (+), partly resistant (o), or non-resistant (-) to each chemical. It also notes that the ratings are approximate and can depend on factors like temperature, stress level, and contact time. PVC-U is resistant to many acids, alkalis, and oils but not resistant to aromatic hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons, or ketones.
PerkinElmer: The Determination of Benzene, Toluene, Ethyl Benzene, Xylenes an...PerkinElmer, Inc.
Levels of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes and styrene (BTEXS) find their way into olive trees and hence into the olives and olive oil mainly as a result of the presence of vehicle exhaust in ambient air. Although there is widespread concern about the presence of these carcinogenic compounds in olive oil, no definitive methods or limits have yet been prescribed.
Various methods have been developed to detect and quantify these compounds down to levels of 5ng/g (5 ppb w/w). In this work, we have developed a simple method to determine these components in olive oil using headspace (HS) extraction and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS).
Sample preparation simply comprises dispensing and sealing 10g of olive into a standard 22-mL headspace vial and sampling the headspace vapor after being equilibrated at 90°C. The vapor is introduced into a Carbowax capillary column for chromatographic separation. Detection, identification and quantification is performed using a quadrupole MS system with a novel ionizer and detection system that enables detection limits, in single ion monitoring (SIM) mode, down to below 0.5ng/g without the need for headspace vapor preconcentration. The analysis is fully automated and takes just 10.5 minutes for the chromatography and an additional 3.5 minutes for cool-down and equilibration between analyses.
Excellent quantitative performance has been demonstrated and the system is easily able to see concentrations of these compounds in the range 0.9ng/g to 126.1ng/g in olive oil bought from a local supermarket.
Examples of the chromatography and quantitative performance will be presented.
PerkinElmer: The Determination of Benzene, Toluene, Ethyl Benzene, Xylenes an...PerkinElmer, Inc.
Levels of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes and styrene (BTEXS) find their way into olive trees and hence into the olives and olive oil mainly as a result of the presence of vehicle exhaust in ambient air. Although there is widespread concern about the presence of these carcinogenic compounds in olive oil, no definitive methods or limits have yet been prescribed.
Various methods have been developed to detect and quantify these compounds down to levels of 5ng/g (5 ppb w/w). In this work, we have developed a simple method to determine these components in olive oil using headspace (HS) extraction and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS).
Sample preparation simply comprises dispensing and sealing 10g of olive into a standard 22-mL headspace vial and sampling the headspace vapor after being equilibrated at 90°C. The vapor is introduced into a Carbowax capillary column for chromatographic separation. Detection, identification and quantification is performed using a quadrupole MS system with a novel ionizer and detection system that enables detection limits, in single ion monitoring (SIM) mode, down to below 0.5ng/g without the need for headspace vapor preconcentration. The analysis is fully automated and takes just 10.5 minutes for the chromatography and an additional 3.5 minutes for cool-down and equilibration between analyses.
Excellent quantitative performance has been demonstrated and the system is easily able to see concentrations of these compounds in the range 0.9ng/g to 126.1ng/g in olive oil bought from a local supermarket.
Examples of the chromatography and quantitative performance will be presented.
2. Chemical Resistance
GEHR PVC-U
conc. (%) room temperature 60 °C
Methylene chloride 100 - -
Milk + +
Mineral oils, aromatic free + +
Nitric acid 10 + +
Nitric acid 50 + +
Nitrobenzene - -
Oxalic acid + +
Ozone, gas ca. 0,5 ppm + +
Paraffine oil 100 + o
Perchloroethylene - -
Petroleum ether 100 + +
Petroleum, aromatic free 100 + +
Phenol, aqu ca. 9 o -
Phosphoric acid 50 + +
Potassium hydroxide liquor 50 + +
Premium Fuel - -
Propyl alcohol + o
Pyridine - -
Silicone oil + +
Sodium carbonate, aqu + +
Sodium chloride, aqu + +
Sodium hydroxide liquor 15 o o
Sodium hydroxide liquor 60 o o
Sodium hyrogen sulphite + +
Sodium nitrate, aqu + +
Sodium thiosulfate + +
Sulphuric acid 96 + +/o
Tetrahydrofurane 100 - -
Toluene 100 - -
Transformer oil +
Trichloroethylene 100 - -
Vinegar, standard 5-10 + +
Water + +
Xylene - -
Symbolism for the description of the chemical resistance
+ = resistant (only small changes of the weight, dimensions and properties.
According our experiences there is no permanent damage expect).
o = partly resistant (medium changes of the properties. At longer contact time there are
permanent damages recommended e.g. degradation of the macro
molecular structure).
- = non resistant (strong and permanent degradation in short contact time e.g. stress
cracking).
= not tested (no tests were done, no recommendations are possible).
The figures indicated here are approximate values. They may be affected by the temperature, operating time, concentration and
stress level of the component involved, by mechanical loads, etc., and the user is not released therefore from the obligation of
performing checks and trials of his own. The values indicated here have been compiled on the bases of current experiences and
findings. Any legally binding guarantee of certain properties, or any suitability for a specific application cannot be inferred from
the present data.
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PVC_engl Chem-Best 11.12.2007 QM 2 von 2