PVA polishing wheels are elastic grinding wheels made of polyvinyl alcohol as the bonding agent. They have a porous structure and elasticity that allows for precision polishing and mirror finishes on surfaces. Common applications include polishing watch cases, audio/video heads, cylinders, and automotive and surgical equipment. PVA wheels can polish ferrous and non-ferrous metals as well as other materials like glass and stone. Manufacturers often have foreign technical collaborations to produce PVA wheels and achieve polishing down to a 0.03 micron finish.