This lesson describes the development of the patient, as they grow older from infancy to late adulthood. Presentation is over 55 slides in length. Recommended classroom time is 2 hours. Meets or exceeds USDOT NHTSA 2009 training requirements.

1. PREVIEW OF
LIFESPAN DEVELOPMENT
POWERPOINT TRAINING
PRESENTATION

2. INFANCY
Birth to 1 year

3. HEART RATE
Normal heart rate in newborns is between 140
and 160
Settling around 120 beats per minute

4. RESPIRATORY RATE
Initially 40-60
Dropping to 30-40 after first few minutes of life
Slowing to 20-30 by one year
Tidal volume
6-8 ml/kg initially
Increasing to 10-15 ml/kg by 1 year

5. BLOOD PRESSURE
Average systolic blood pressure increases from
70 at birth to 90 at 1 year

6. TEMPERATURE RANGE
98 to 100 degrees Fahrenheit is the
thermoneutral range

7. WEIGHT
Normally 3.0-3.5 kg 9 (7-8 pounds)at birth
Normally drops 5 to 10 percent in the first week
of life
Infants head equal to 25 percent of the total
body weight

8. PULMONARY SYSTEM
Airways, shorter, narrower, less stable, more
easily obstructed
Infants primarily nose breathers until four weeks
Lung tissue is fragile and prone to trauma from
pressure
Fewer alveoli with decreased collateral
ventilation

9. PULMONARY SYSTEM
Accessory muscles immature, susceptible to
early fatigue
Chest wall less rigid
Diaphragmatic breathing
Rapid respiratory rates lead to rapid heat, and
fluid loss

10. IMMUNE SYSTEM
Passive immunity retained through the first six
months of life
Based on maternal antibodies

11. NERVOUS SYSTEM
Strong, coordinated suck and gag
Well flexed extremities
Extremities move equally when infant is
stimulated
Reflexes

12. FONTANELLES
Posterior fontanelle closes
at three months
Anterior fontanelle closes
between 9 and 18
months
Fontanelles may provide
an indirect estimate of hydration

13. GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT
OVER THE FIRST YEAR
Two months
Tracks objects with eyes
Recognizes familiar faces
Six months
Sits upright in a highchair
Makes one syllable sounds (e.g., ma, mu, da, di)
12 months
Walks with help
Knows own name

14. PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
Crying
Basic cry
Anger cry
Pain cry
Situational crisis – parental separation reactions
Protest
Despair
Withdrawal

15. TODDLER & PRE-SCHOOL
Toddler 12-36 months old
Pre-School 3-5 years old

16. SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN
6-12 years old

17. VITAL SIGNS
Normal heart rate is between 70 and 110 beats
per minute
Normal respiratory rate is between 20 and 30
breaths per minute
Normal systolic blood pressure is between 80
and 120 mmHg
Normal temperature is 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit

18. ADOLESCENCE
13-18 years old

19. DEVELOPING IDENTITY
Peer pressure increases
Interest in the opposite sex increases
Want to be treated like adults
Anti-social behavior peaks around eighth or
ninth grade
Body image of great concern
Continual comparison amongst peers
Eating disorders are common

20. EARLY ADULTHOOD
20-40 years old

21. VITAL SIGNS
Heart rate—average 70 beats per minute
Respiratory rate—average 16 to 20 breaths per
minutes
Blood pressure—average 120/80 mmHg
Temperature—98.6 degrees Fahrenheit

22. LATE ADULTHOOD
61 years & older

23. VITAL SIGNS
Heart rate—depends on patient’s physical and
health status
Respiratory rate—depends on patient’s physical
and health status
Blood pressure—depends on patient’s physical
and health status
Temperature—98.6 degrees Fahrenheit

24. RENAL SYSTEM
50 percent of nephrons (kidney structure) lost
Abnormal glomeruli (blood capillaries in the
kidneys) more common
Decreased elimination

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