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40. Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia M. Giorgi,1,* V. D’Angelo,2,* Z. Esposito,2 V. Nuccetelli,1 R. Sorge,2 A. Martorana,2 A. Stefani,2 G. Bernardi2,3 and G. Sancesario M. Giorgi,1,* V. D’Angelo,2,* Z. Esposito,2 V. Nuccetelli,1 R. Sorge,2 A. Martorana,2 A. Stefani,2 G. Bernardi2,3 and G. Sancesario Mauro Giorgi, Valeria Nuccetelli, Department of Basic and Applied Biology, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila , Department of Neuroscience, University of Rome Tor Vergata Vincenza D’Angelo Zaira Esposito Roberto. Sorge, Alessandro Martorana Davide Ferrazzoli Francesco Sica Giorgio Bernardi
Editor's Notes
Figure 1. D1 dopamine receptor-mediated phosphorylation of ERK1/2 ( p-ERK1/2 ) in the dopamine-depleted striatum. Unilateral lesion of the nigrostriatal dopamine system is demonstrated by the loss of tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity in the right lesioned striatum ( A ). After treatment (15 min) with the partial D1 dopamine agonist SKF38393 (2 mg/kg, i.p.), p-ERK1/2 is not evident in the dopamine-intact striatum ( B ) but is present in numerous neurons in the dopamine-depleted striatum ( C ). To determine the type of striatal neuron in which p-ERK1/2 is present, sections are processed to display both p-ERK1/2 with a green fluorescent label ( D ) and enkephalin mRNA with a red fluorescent label ( D ). Nearly all p-ERK1/2-immunoreactive neurons ( blue arrows ) are enkephalin negative. Only a small number of enkephalin-positive neurons display p-ERK1/2 immunoreactivity ( yellow arrow ), whereas the vast majority are p-ERK1/2 negative ( orange arrows ). The graph provides quantitative data of the average number of pERK-positive/enkephalin-negative ( blue arrows ), pERK-positive/enkephalin-positive ( yellow ), and pERK-negative/enkephalin-positive ( red ) neurons in a 500 m2 area from the lateral striatum of four animals. Enkephalin provides a marker of indirect projection neurons, with any given striatal area having an equal number of direct projecting, enkephalin-negative neurons (Gerfen and Young, 1988). Data indicate that, in the dopamine-intact striatum, there are few pERK1/2-immunoreactive neurons, whereas in the dopamine-depleted striatum, D1 agonist-induced p-ERK1/2 occurs selectively in enkephalin-negative, direct striatal projection neurons.
![Birkmayer W. [10 years of L-DOPA therapy of Parkinson's syndrome] Wien Klin Wochenschr. 1971 Apr 2;83(13):221-7. Article in German] Lieberman AN, Pedersen B. Levodopa and adventitious movements. Lancet. 1970 Nov 7;2(7680):985.](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)