La Superintendencia de Competencia (SC) comenzará a analizar los costos de producción, la política de precios y los cálculos de índices internacionales que las distribuidoras de electricidad hacen en El Salvador, con el objeto de determinar si en las condiciones de competencia del sector existen prácticas que limiten o restrinjan la entrada de nuevas empresas al rubro.
La Superintendencia de Competencia (SC) comenzará a analizar los costos de producción, la política de precios y los cálculos de índices internacionales que las distribuidoras de electricidad hacen en El Salvador, con el objeto de determinar si en las condiciones de competencia del sector existen prácticas que limiten o restrinjan la entrada de nuevas empresas al rubro.
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
This article is all about what AI trends will emerge in the field of creative operations in 2024. All the marketers and brand builders should be aware of these trends for their further use and save themselves some time!
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
This article is all about what AI trends will emerge in the field of creative operations in 2024. All the marketers and brand builders should be aware of these trends for their further use and save themselves some time!
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
Presentation_Sysav
1. ETT MILJÖVÄNLIGT
SÄTT FÖR ATT
BEHANDLA
LAKVATTEN
Alessandro Sarno,
Lunds universitet
15 februari 20161
2. Mål och uppgifter
Att avgöra vad som kan förväntas av Hedeskogas
lakvattenbehandlingssystem med avseende på totalkväve- (N-tot) och
ammoniumkväverening (N-NH4) samt kväveomvandlingsvägar året om.
Att utvärdera Hedeskogas lakvattenbehandlingskapacitet, främst i fråga om
ammoniak (NH3) vilket vanligen är en huvudkomponent i lakvatten.
Att jämföra Hedeskogas lakvattenhanteringssystem med andra kända fall.
15 februari 2016 2
3. Frågor
1. Finns det någon bakterieaktivitet i dammarna?
2. Vilka processer föredras i luftningsdammarna för att minska lakvattnets
eventuella toxicitet?
3. Är dammarnas kapacitet, för att reducera ammoniumkvävehalten i
lakvattnet, tillräcklig?
4. Hur effektivt är ”lagooning” i lakvattenhanteringen?
5. Är det möjligt att behandla lakvatten inom anläggningen?
15 februari 2016 / bild 3
5. Svar/Resultat
1. Ja, relaterad till nitrifikation/ denitrifikation.
2. Nitrifikation/ denitrifikation, ammoniakavflyttning, sedimentering,
algassimilering.
3. Ja...om vi kollar upp några siffror.
4. Luftnings- och lagringsdammarna är lämpliga och effektiva i jämförelse
med lakvattenkvaliteteten och de mängder som produceras i Hedeskoga.
5. Ja, om ungefär samma lakvattenmängder och kvalitet observeras året om.
15 februari 2016 / bild 5
7. (2)
15 februari 2016 / bild 7
AA+S
D
N
AV
N= nitrifikation
D= denitrifikation
AV= ammoniakavflyttning
AA + S= algassimilering + sedimentering av
död biomassa
8. (3)
15 februari 2016 / bild 8
Luftningsdamm (”aerated lagoon”):
Ca 180 dgr = lakvattenhanteringsperiod
(Maj till Oktober)
17 dgr= partikelns uppehållstid i ”lagoon”
5 000 m3 = ”lagoon” volym
55 000 m3= Total lakvattenvolym som
renas i IL3 under
lakvattenhanteringsperioden
...Vad händer med resten av lakvattnet?
12. (5)
15 februari 2016 / bild 12
SRWC= short-rotation willow coppice
Högbytorp, 5 ha bevattnigsytor, 2-3 mm per dag i
växt säsongen (Maj-Sept)
- Bevattningsområde= 1 ha
- Avkastning= 10-12 ton (1Kg≡1KWh)
- 15 000 sticklingar/ ha
- Vide (vuxen)= 7 SEK/st
105 000 SEK/ 3 år +
Inga växthusgaser, ingen lakvatten infiltrering,
inget surt regn
13. Slutsats
Uppehållstider och kapaciteten är tillräcklig för att lagra och förbehandla
lakvatten året om och för att reducera kvävemängden, främst genom
nitrifikation-denitrifikation och sedimentering, då temperaturen inte är
lämplig för nitrifikationsprocesser. Ammoniakavflyttningen är obetydlig.
Ammoniumkväve är inte ett problem såvida lakvattnet som lagras i
dammarna används antingen för bevattning eller återcirkulering inom
anläggningen. Kväve i form av ammonium (N-NH4) eller nitrat (N-NO3)
upptas och behålls i rötterna.
Lakvatten kan definitivt hanteras inom anläggningen utan att det behöver
skickas till det lokala reningsverket.
15 februari 2016 / bild 13
Lakvattenhanteringssystemet i Hedeskoga består av 5 bassänger: 4 med luftare och en sedimenteringsbassäng.
Det finns också två bevattningsytor: en som består av vide och en annan (norrut i bilden) som består av gräs.
För att inte slösa tid, här kommer svaren till frågorna (här måste du ha en lapp med frågorna. Läs frågorna en gång till och svara direkt):
Hur vet man att det är nitrifikation?
Till vänster (peka på), här visas det naturliga kväveskretsloppet som några bakterier är ansvariga för. I en syrerik miljö är aerobiska processer, så som nitrifikation, ansvariga för ammoniakomvandlingen till nitrat. I en miljö utan molekylärt syre (dvs. Anaerobisk) använder de denitrifierande bakterierna nitrat för att producera kvävegas (paus) som slutligen släpps ut i luften.
Till höger (peka på), diagrammet visar i vilka dammar bakterieaktiviteten som är relaterad till nitrifikation-denitrifikation mäts. Här är dessa processer indikerade som ammoniumkväveförbrukning per timme. Intressant med detta är att, bland bakterierna som testades, har IL3 den högsta ammoniumkväveförbrukningen (det betyder alltså att de omvandlar ammonium till nitrat snabbare).
Varför är detta så intressant? (paus) Jo, för att IL3 är den luftningsdamm som är specifikt utformad för att reducera ammoniumkväve i lakvatten...
...Varför är man så rädd för ammoniumkväve, alltså den upplösta formen av ammoniak? Var kommer dess toxicitet ifrån?
Ammoniak i lakvatten finns i många olika koncentrationer. Detta beror på hur mycket ammoniak som avges efter antingen nedbrytning av det organiska materialet eller upplösning av produkter som innehåller ammoniumsalt (t.ex. tvättmedel). Ammoniak orsakar problem i de anläggningar som baserar sina hanteringsmetoder på mikrobiska aktiviteter. Typiska hämmande ammoniumkoncentrationer för de biologiska processerna som används för att reducera ammoniakhalten i vattnet är vanligtvis mellan 80 och 100 mg/L.
Processer som sker i bassänger vilka hjälper till att reducera ammoniakhalten i Hedeskoga är av två olika slag: biologiska och obiologiska.
Bland de biologiska finns det:
Nitrifikation och denitrifikation (peka på)
Algassimilering (peka på). Algerna formeras genom fotosyntes: ljus + koldioxid= kolhydrat, syre och vatten. I den processen tas ammoniak in i cellerna som utgör algerna medan de växer upp på grund av fotosyntesen. Under sommaren, när det finns längre ljustid och varmare klimat, är det möjligt att se lakvattnet bli grönare på ytan.
Bland de obiologiska finns det:
Ammoniakavflyttning (peka på). I den processen förflyttas ammoniak via luften i form av gas, då pH-värdet är högre än nio och temperaturen är över 20°C.
Sedimentering (peka på): döda alger och bakterier sjunker ner långsamt på botten på grund av gravitation.
Fokuseringen är på IL3, kärnan i systemet. ”Lagooning” är en gammal teknologi från 70-80-talet som används för att lufta smutsigt vatten så som avloppsvatten (hushålls och industriellt) genom att pumpa in luft i bassängen (vanligen 1 till 3m djup). Syftet är att säkra den biologiska nedbrytningen.
Om vi dividera 180 med 17 får vi 10,5. Det här nummret representerar hur många gånger en ny partikel, som är upplöst i vatten, är behandlad under hela hanteringsperioden. Om en fullständig omblandning kan garanteras, behandlas ungefär 55 000 m3 lakvatten i den här luftningbassängen genom nitrifikation-denitrifikation.
Varje år produceras i Hedeskoga ca 110 000 m3 lakvatten. Hälften behandlas i lagoon och resten lagras och förbehandlas (luftarna finns också i de andra utjämningsdammarna) under hösten och vintern då förhållanderna inte är förmånliga för nitrifikation och denitrifikation.
- Kvävebalansen (alltså den uträkningen som visar hur mycket Kg kväve som kommer in och ut från systemet) bevisar att en stor del av ammoniumkvävet kommer från P0, trots allt är koncentrationerna som mäts högre i P5B. Detta kan betyda att området där vattnet slutligen samlas ihop i P0, är rikare på ammoniak, antagligen på grund av mer vatteninfiltration eller högre mikrobisk aktivitet inuti avfallet.
- (gå in med diagrammet) Ett tecken till för nitrifikation/denitrifikation i dammarna är den högre nitrit och nitrat nivån under behandlingsperioden i P4, output av systemet.
Andra resultat som har funnits på två olika ställen i Storbritannien indikerar att ”lagooning” är effektivt som hanteringsmetod. Bra ammoniumkvävereduceringar har nåtts inom ungefär samma temperaturintervaller men med olika pH-värden. Det är viktigt att konstatera att koncentrationerna kan vara ett tecken på vad som händer i dammarna, men det är inte det enda man kan lita på eftersom koncentrationerna är relativa till hur mycket lakvatten som produceras och samlas ihop innan provtagningen.
(paus) I Hedeskoga bildas majoriteten av lakvattnet i P0 och inte i P5B, antagligen beror detta på att lakvattnet kommer från ett område som inte har sluttäckts enligt moderna kriterier. Från Maj till Oktober (peka på P4) tas en stor lakvattensmängd bort från systemet för bevattning...
...Lakvatten används för bevattning av vide och vanligt gräs. Vide växter bra under vintern och i fuktiga områden, den behåller salt så som ammonium eller klorid (lakvatten är rikt på båda), är snabb att växta och har stor avkastning av biomassa. Dessutom kan videytorna behålla 200 Kg total kväve/ha/år. Ett bra exempel hittades i Högbytorp där lakvattnet först behandlades i luftningsdammarna och sen användes för bevattning mellan Maj och September.
En hektar bevattningsmark som plogats med ungefär 15 000 sticklingar, producerar ca 10-12 ton trä; detta kan senare säljas eller förbrännas för att få varmvatten eller elektricitet.
(gå in med resultat) Resultatet är cirka 105 000 SEK och inga växthusgaser eller surt regn eftersom samma koldioxidmängd som följer efter förbränning används från videt för att öka biomassan. Också inget lakvatten infiltreras i grundvattnet.