The document discusses hydrogen as a zero emission fuel, noting its lower heating value compared to methane. It also discusses the Paris Agreement's goal of limiting global warming and the role of wind energy in achieving that goal. Several methods of producing hydrogen from wind and solar power are presented, including electrolysis using sea water, storing hydrogen in depleted gas fields or underground caverns, and using hydrogen to reduce the carbon footprint of natural gas or steel production. "Green," "blue," and "grey" hydrogen production methods are defined based on their use of renewable or non-renewable energy sources and carbon capture. Questions are posed about selling the concept of hydrogen from solar power and whether hydrogen or power production would be continuous from intermittent sources.

1. Toolbox Meeting
Venue
Bilfinger Tebodin
Online – Microsoft Teams | 18 June 2020

2. HYDROGEN
page 2
2H2 +O2 2H2O + Energy
LHV of H2 = 120 MJ/kg
LHV of CH4 = 50 MJ/kg
 Hydrogen is Zero Emission Fuel
H2
CH4
LEL
4%
5%
HEL
75%
17%

3. PARIS AGREEMENT & WIND ENERGY
page 3
• Limit the increase of global average temperature to <2°C above pre-industrial
levels and to pursue 1.5°C
• No country is on target to achieve this goal
• Wind & Solar energy play a major role
• Current offshore wind power capacity ~24GW
• Wind Power generation rapidly growing
• Wind Energy to power conversion is challenging due to variability of wind
• Grid cannot cope at high wind conditions

4. • Steel plant need gas, not electricity
• Hydrogen mixed with gas reduces carbon foot print
• High concentration of hydrogen in gas leads to high NOx levels
• Electrolysis to convert purified sea water to H2
• Generated Hydrogen can be stored or injected into existing gas infrastructure
• H2 can be stored in depleted gas fields through wells
• North Sea will be a major activity center with many offshore well platforms that will be
decommissioned
WIND ENERGY TO HYDROGEN
page 4

5. GREEN, BLUE & GREY HYDROGEN
page 5
• Green Hydrogen produced from renewable energy like wind
• Blue hydrogen produced from non – renewable energy source. Can be from
natural gas provided CO2 is captured & stored.
• Grey hydrogen is present day hydrogen production from natural gas using SMR
process. No CO2 capture.
• Electrolysis Technology carbon footprint  0.01 kg CO2/MJ hydrogen
• SMR without CCS carbon footprint 0.09 kg CO2/MJ hydrogen
• Hydrogen mixing in natural gas  15% - 40%
• Electrolysis using electricity from grid has higher carbon foot-print.

6. page 6
Comparison of Electrolysis technologies

7. QUESTIONS
page 7
• How do we sell concept of Hydrogen production from Solar PVs?
• Power is continuous or Hydrogen production is continuous?
• Hydrogen storage in underground caverns? What is the potential?

8. LOHC
page 8
• Overall Effciency is 69% if the surplus energy during dehydrogenation step is not
recovered. If it is recovered somehow, the efficiency will be 88%.
Of course the above assessment does not take into consideration the aspects of the
carrier chemical production.
Efficiency of 69% compares OK with respect to Liquid hydrogen which has 72%
efficiency.

9. Questions
page 9