The document discusses several important inventions and discoveries throughout history. The airplane is highlighted as one of the most important inventions as it allows for fast travel over long distances. The mobile phone is also described as a great invention as it enables communication anywhere. Fire was a pivotal early discovery that allowed humans to become sedentary and advance technologically. Electricity was another breakthrough discovery that powered machinery and provided light at night. Cameras allow the capture and preservation of memories through images. Medicine is also cited as a critical invention without which many lives would have been lost to common illnesses and quality of life would be much lower.