2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
This article is all about what AI trends will emerge in the field of creative operations in 2024. All the marketers and brand builders should be aware of these trends for their further use and save themselves some time!
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
This article is all about what AI trends will emerge in the field of creative operations in 2024. All the marketers and brand builders should be aware of these trends for their further use and save themselves some time!
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
Presentació
1. Wage Inequality across Industries in Spain
Pau Gayà Riera
University of Balearic Islands
February 14, 2013
2. Motivació
1 L’objectiu és mostrar l’evidència de desegualtats salarials a nivell
industrial.
2 Des dels anys 80, i després de Krueger & Summers (1988), el
tema ha despertat l’interès.
3 Simón et al. (2006) varen demostrar l’existència de desigualtats a
nivell regional; nosaltres extendrem l’estudi al nivell industrial.
3. Motivació
1 L’objectiu és mostrar l’evidència de desegualtats salarials a nivell
industrial.
2 Des dels anys 80, i després de Krueger & Summers (1988), el
tema ha despertat l’interès.
3 Simón et al. (2006) varen demostrar l’existència de desigualtats a
nivell regional; nosaltres extendrem l’estudi al nivell industrial.
4. Motivació
1 L’objectiu és mostrar l’evidència de desegualtats salarials a nivell
industrial.
2 Des dels anys 80, i després de Krueger & Summers (1988), el
tema ha despertat l’interès.
3 Simón et al. (2006) varen demostrar l’existència de desigualtats a
nivell regional; nosaltres extendrem l’estudi al nivell industrial.
5. Data
1 Utilitzem les dades de l’INE (Encuesta de Estructura Salarial) de
1995, 2002 i 2006.
2 L’enquesta divideis l’economia espanyola en 19 sectors diferent.
3 Per calcular el salari hora utilitzen el salari brut anual i les hores
trballades a l’Octubre (com a mes base).
6. Data
1 Utilitzem les dades de l’INE (Encuesta de Estructura Salarial) de
1995, 2002 i 2006.
2 L’enquesta divideis l’economia espanyola en 19 sectors diferent.
3 Per calcular el salari hora utilitzen el salari brut anual i les hores
trballades a l’Octubre (com a mes base).
7. Data
1 Utilitzem les dades de l’INE (Encuesta de Estructura Salarial) de
1995, 2002 i 2006.
2 L’enquesta divideis l’economia espanyola en 19 sectors diferent.
3 Per calcular el salari hora utilitzen el salari brut anual i les hores
trballades a l’Octubre (com a mes base).
8. Anàlisi Descriptiva
Sectoral Wage, 1995
1 Els sectors a la part
Mean Std. Dev. superior, Financial
Mining 7.66 3.67
Food, Textile, Leather, and Footwear 5.82 3.34
Intermediation 39%
Wood, Cork, and Paper 5.96 3.04
Publishing and Graphics 7.88 4.08
per sobre de la
Refining, Chemical, and Plastics
Other Minerals
9.00
7.14
5.03
3.62
mitjana, i Energy and
Metallurgy and Metal Products
Machinery and Equipment
7.25
7.62
3.46
3.51
Water 33.5%.
Electrical, Electronic, and Optical Equipment 7.69 3.89
Transport, Furniture, and Recycling 6.80 3.34
Energy and Water
Construction
11.1
6.36
5.05
3.63
2 D’altra banda,
Trade and Repair Vehicles
Retail Trade
6.45
5.19
3.49
2.68
Accommodation i
Accommodation
Shipping
5.16
7.27
2.41
3.08
Retail Trade reben un
Other Transport and Communications
Financial Intermediation
8.90
12.1
4.13
5.10
43% inferior a la
Real Estate and Rental. Business Services 6.68 4.18 mitja.
Observations 153396
9. Anàlisi Descriptiva
Sectoral Wage, 1995
1 Els sectors a la part
Mean Std. Dev. superior, Financial
Mining 7.66 3.67
Food, Textile, Leather, and Footwear 5.82 3.34
Intermediation 39%
Wood, Cork, and Paper 5.96 3.04
Publishing and Graphics 7.88 4.08
per sobre de la
Refining, Chemical, and Plastics
Other Minerals
9.00
7.14
5.03
3.62
mitjana, i Energy and
Metallurgy and Metal Products
Machinery and Equipment
7.25
7.62
3.46
3.51
Water 33.5%.
Electrical, Electronic, and Optical Equipment 7.69 3.89
Transport, Furniture, and Recycling 6.80 3.34
Energy and Water
Construction
11.1
6.36
5.05
3.63
2 D’altra banda,
Trade and Repair Vehicles
Retail Trade
6.45
5.19
3.49
2.68
Accommodation i
Accommodation
Shipping
5.16
7.27
2.41
3.08
Retail Trade reben un
Other Transport and Communications
Financial Intermediation
8.90
12.1
4.13
5.10
43% inferior a la
Real Estate and Rental. Business Services 6.68 4.18 mitja.
Observations 153396
10. Grup Restringit
1 Utilitzem un grup
Average Hourly Wage, 1995
by Sector
restringit amb
Financial Intermediation
Energy and Water
l’objectiu de
Other Transport and Communications
Refining, Chemical, and Plastics
Mining
comparar treballadors
Electrical, Electronic, and Optical Equipment
Machinery and Equipment
Shipping
Transport, Furniture, and Recycling
més homogenis.
Publishing and Graphics
Metallurgy and Metal Products
Other Minerals
Real Estate and Rental. Business Services
Trade and Repair Vehicles
Wood, Cork, and Paper
Construction
Food, Textile, Leather, and Footwear
2 La desigualtat
Retail Trade
Accommodation
persisteix, però en
0 5 10 15
els sectors propers a
General Restricted
la mitjana no es fa
The restricted data only considers men with a fulltime, indefinite contract, and a medium level of education.
Source: 1995 data from INE, Encuesta de Estructura Salarial tan evident.
11. Grup Restringit
1 Utilitzem un grup
Average Hourly Wage, 1995
by Sector
restringit amb
Financial Intermediation
Energy and Water
l’objectiu de
Other Transport and Communications
Refining, Chemical, and Plastics
Mining
comparar treballadors
Electrical, Electronic, and Optical Equipment
Machinery and Equipment
Shipping
Transport, Furniture, and Recycling
més homogenis.
Publishing and Graphics
Metallurgy and Metal Products
Other Minerals
Real Estate and Rental. Business Services
Trade and Repair Vehicles
Wood, Cork, and Paper
Construction
Food, Textile, Leather, and Footwear
2 La desigualtat
Retail Trade
Accommodation
persisteix, però en
0 5 10 15
els sectors propers a
General Restricted
la mitjana no es fa
The restricted data only considers men with a fulltime, indefinite contract, and a medium level of education.
Source: 1995 data from INE, Encuesta de Estructura Salarial tan evident.
12. El Model
ln wi = α + ∑ β j Xi,j + ∑ γk Yi,k + ∑ δp Zi,p + ε i (1)
j k p
1 wi representa el salari de l’individu i.
2 X vector de variables fictícies amb les característiques dels
treballadors.
3 Y vector de variables fictícies amb les característiques de les
empreses.
4 Z representa les fictícies sectorials.
Estimem el model utilitzant MQO amb una restricció, seguint el procés de
Hainsken-DeNew & Schmidt (2000).
13. El Model
ln wi = α + ∑ β j Xi,j + ∑ γk Yi,k + ∑ δp Zi,p + ε i (1)
j k p
1 wi representa el salari de l’individu i.
2 X vector de variables fictícies amb les característiques dels
treballadors.
3 Y vector de variables fictícies amb les característiques de les
empreses.
4 Z representa les fictícies sectorials.
Estimem el model utilitzant MQO amb una restricció, seguint el procés de
Hainsken-DeNew & Schmidt (2000).
14. El Model
ln wi = α + ∑ β j Xi,j + ∑ γk Yi,k + ∑ δp Zi,p + ε i (1)
j k p
1 wi representa el salari de l’individu i.
2 X vector de variables fictícies amb les característiques dels
treballadors.
3 Y vector de variables fictícies amb les característiques de les
empreses.
4 Z representa les fictícies sectorials.
Estimem el model utilitzant MQO amb una restricció, seguint el procés de
Hainsken-DeNew & Schmidt (2000).
15. El Model
ln wi = α + ∑ β j Xi,j + ∑ γk Yi,k + ∑ δp Zi,p + ε i (1)
j k p
1 wi representa el salari de l’individu i.
2 X vector de variables fictícies amb les característiques dels
treballadors.
3 Y vector de variables fictícies amb les característiques de les
empreses.
4 Z representa les fictícies sectorials.
Estimem el model utilitzant MQO amb una restricció, seguint el procés de
Hainsken-DeNew & Schmidt (2000).
16. Premi Salarial en relació a la Mitjana de l’Economia
1995 2002 2006
WP WP WP WP WP WP
(I) (II) (III) (IV ) (V ) (VI)
Mining 0.126∗∗∗ 0.102∗∗∗ 0.086∗∗∗ 0.085∗∗∗ 0.137∗∗∗ 0.139∗∗∗
Food, Textile, Leather, and Footwear -0.160∗∗∗ -0.142∗∗∗ -0.152∗∗∗ -0.133∗∗∗ -0.104∗∗∗ -0.093∗∗∗
Wood, Cork, and Paper -0.158∗∗∗ -0.109∗∗∗ -0.114∗∗∗ -0.085∗∗∗ -0.076∗∗∗ -0.060∗∗∗
Publishing and Graphics -0.033∗∗∗ 0.020∗∗∗ -0.050∗∗∗ 0.002 -0.052∗∗∗ -0.014∗
Refining, Chemical, and Plastics 0.084∗∗∗ 0.079∗∗∗ 0.092∗∗∗ 0.071∗∗∗ 0.106∗∗∗ 0.076∗∗∗
Other Minerals -0.029∗∗∗ -0.016∗∗∗ 0.020∗∗∗ 0.033∗∗∗ 0.046∗∗∗ 0.054∗∗∗
Metallurgy and Metal Products -0.041∗∗∗ -0.023∗∗∗ -0.014∗∗∗ -0.001 -0.009∗ 0.003
Machinery and Equipment -0.057∗∗∗ -0.039∗∗∗ -0.035∗∗∗ -0.021∗∗∗ 0.000 0.000
Electrical, Electronic, and Optical Equipment -0.028∗∗∗ -0.058∗∗∗ -0.026∗∗∗ -0.047∗∗∗ -0.005 -0.026∗∗∗
Transport, Furniture, and Recycling -0.032∗∗∗ -0.101∗∗∗ -0.002 -0.066∗∗∗ 0.028∗∗∗ -0.035∗∗∗
Energy and Water 0.307∗∗∗ 0.211∗∗∗ 0.233∗∗∗ 0.187∗∗∗ 0.197∗∗∗ 0.146∗∗∗
Construction -0.043∗∗∗ 0.022∗∗∗ -0.052∗∗∗ -0.003 -0.022∗∗∗ 0.017∗∗
Trade and Repair Vehicles -0.162∗∗∗ -0.088∗∗∗ -0.111∗∗∗ -0.053∗∗∗ -0.092∗∗∗ -0.045∗∗∗
Retail Trade -0.154∗∗∗ -0.140∗∗∗ -0.138∗∗∗ -0.132∗∗∗ -0.148∗∗∗ -0.134∗∗∗
Accommodation -0.166∗∗∗ -0.115∗∗∗ -0.110∗∗∗ -0.085∗∗∗ -0.122∗∗∗ -0.087∗∗∗
Shipping 0.045∗∗∗ 0.003 0.004 -0.032∗∗∗ 0.018∗∗ 0.025∗∗∗
Other Transport and Communications 0.157∗∗∗ 0.090∗∗∗ 0.050∗∗∗ 0.009∗ -0.009 -0.047∗∗∗
Financial Intermediation 0.200∗∗∗ 0.179∗∗∗ 0.270∗∗∗ 0.256∗∗∗ 0.220∗∗∗ 0.207∗∗∗
Real Estate and Rental. Business Services -0.104∗∗∗ -0.068∗∗∗ -0.144∗∗∗ -0.139∗∗∗ -0.170∗∗∗ -0.157∗∗∗
Observations 153,396 153,396 158,555 158,555 172,469 172,469
F-test, Only Sectors 633.59 444.941 549.68 467.385 344.271 306.222
Prob>F 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Significance Test ∗ 10% level ∗∗ 5% level ∗∗∗ 1% level
17. Què podem explicar?
Introduint totes les variables explicatives, el premia salarial es redueix
significativament:
Energy & Water, 1 L’anànlisi descriptiu,
1995 mostra un premi de prop
del 35%.
2 Incloent les
característiques dels
treballadors es redueix a
un 30%.
3 I amb totes les variables
rellevants, aquest és
d’un 20%.
18. Què podem explicar?
Introduint totes les variables explicatives, el premia salarial es redueix
significativament:
Energy & Water, 1 L’anànlisi descriptiu,
1995 mostra un premi de prop
del 35%.
2 Incloent les
característiques dels
treballadors es redueix a
un 30%.
3 I amb totes les variables
rellevants, aquest és
d’un 20%.
19. Què podem explicar?
Introduint totes les variables explicatives, el premia salarial es redueix
significativament:
Energy & Water, 1 L’anànlisi descriptiu,
1995 mostra un premi de prop
del 35%.
2 Incloent les
característiques dels
treballadors es redueix a
un 30%.
3 I amb totes les variables
rellevants, aquest és
d’un 20%.
20. Evolució al llarg dels anys
Mining Refining, Chemical, and Plastics
.25
.25
.2
.2
.15
.15
.1
.1
.05
.05
0
0
Enery and Water Financial Intermediation
.25
.25
.2
.2
.15
.15
.1
.1
.05
.05
0
0
Observam com en els quatre sectors amb més premi salarial, no hi ha
una tendència a convergir cap a la mitjana.
21. Conclusions
1 Queda provada l’existència de desigualtat salarial a nivell
industrial.
2 Aquesta desigualtat sembla persistir al llarg dels anys,
independentment de comprar un grup homogeni o no de
treballadors.
3 Els efectes empresa semblen explicar part de la desigualtat, però
no podem concloure si són els factors més importants.
4 Altres resultats es presenten en l’article original, com ara els
efectes del capital humà sobre el salari o de les característiques
concretes de les empreses, com influiexen sobre aquesta
desigualtat.
22. Conclusions
1 Queda provada l’existència de desigualtat salarial a nivell
industrial.
2 Aquesta desigualtat sembla persistir al llarg dels anys,
independentment de comprar un grup homogeni o no de
treballadors.
3 Els efectes empresa semblen explicar part de la desigualtat, però
no podem concloure si són els factors més importants.
4 Altres resultats es presenten en l’article original, com ara els
efectes del capital humà sobre el salari o de les característiques
concretes de les empreses, com influiexen sobre aquesta
desigualtat.
23. Conclusions
1 Queda provada l’existència de desigualtat salarial a nivell
industrial.
2 Aquesta desigualtat sembla persistir al llarg dels anys,
independentment de comprar un grup homogeni o no de
treballadors.
3 Els efectes empresa semblen explicar part de la desigualtat, però
no podem concloure si són els factors més importants.
4 Altres resultats es presenten en l’article original, com ara els
efectes del capital humà sobre el salari o de les característiques
concretes de les empreses, com influiexen sobre aquesta
desigualtat.
24. Conclusions
1 Queda provada l’existència de desigualtat salarial a nivell
industrial.
2 Aquesta desigualtat sembla persistir al llarg dels anys,
independentment de comprar un grup homogeni o no de
treballadors.
3 Els efectes empresa semblen explicar part de la desigualtat, però
no podem concloure si són els factors més importants.
4 Altres resultats es presenten en l’article original, com ara els
efectes del capital humà sobre el salari o de les característiques
concretes de les empreses, com influiexen sobre aquesta
desigualtat.