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Hkkjrh;n’kZus

        izkek.;okn%
            MkW-jtuh’k dqekj 'kqDy%
2/28/2008                             1
izkek.;inL;’kCnkFkZfopkj%
            Meaning of the term Validity

              izek;ka izekRoa izkek.;a
                  izekdj.kRoa ok
Validity is a specific quality of valid knowledge or
                    valid mean only

2/28/2008                                         2
izekfuquot;BL;izekRoL; izkek.; laKk
                • izekdj.kRoa u Lohdj.kh;e~A
                      • vfrO;kIR;Rokr~A
                              •
             • izkek.;LFkkus ;kFkkFZka p O;ofâ~;rsA
                                               ;rs
       • vizekfuquot;BL;izekRoL;
                 vizkek.;HkzeRofeR;kfnO;ogkj%A
 2/28/2008                                            3
izek vizek Kkua ija izek u vizek
;|fi KkuRosu izekRokizekRo;ks% lkekukf/kdj.;a O;kI;Roa ok
    KkuksRikfndk lkexzh ,o izeksRikfndk vizeksRikfndk
  KkuksRikfndk lR;fi izektud lkexzh u vizeksRikfndk
 Kkulk/kkj.kksRikfndk lkexzh lkekukf/kdj.k lR;fi uSdk
            lkexzh izekRokizekRo;ks#Hk;kstZfudkA


 2/28/2008                                            4
izkek.;xzg%
mRi|ekuesoKkua izek vizek ok tk;rsA
    izek lŒKkua u dFkefi i’pkr~
          vizkek.;a izfri|rsA
vizek lŒKkua u dFkefi i’pkr izkek.;a
               izfri|rsA
2/28/2008                              5
Izkkek.;kizek.;ks% LorLRoa
                     ijrLRoe~
         Lkek;ka Kkulkexz~;k izekRoe~A
      vU;L; p lekxesu vizekRoa tk;rsA
  lkekU; Kkulkexz~;k ;L;ksRiknLrL; mRiRrkSµ
                   LorLRoe~A
   lkekU; Kkulkexz~;kdL;fpnU;L; lfeJ.ksu
        ;L;ksRikn% rL;ksRirkSµ ijrLRoe~A
2/28/2008                                     6
Izkkek.;kek.;ks’prq/kZk okn% izfl)îfr
            • mHk;ks% LorLRoe~A
             • mHk;ks% ijrLRoe~A
              • izkek.;L; LorLRoe~] vizkek.;L;
                ijrLRoe~A
            •   izkek.;L; ijrLRoe] vizkek.;L;
                LorLRoe~A
2/28/2008                                        7
d% dL; okn%
              • mHk;ks% LorLRoa lka[;kuka ekU;rkµ
                    ¼bfr dqekfjyiknkuqlkj% ½
                 • mHk;ks% ijrLRoa U;k;fonke~A
      •      Izkkek.;L; LorLRoe~] vIzkkek.;L; ijrLRoe~
                        • ehekaldkuke~A
• Izkkek.;L; ijrLRoe~] vIzkkek.;L; LorLRoa ckS)kuke~A
 2/28/2008                                               8
mHk;ks% LorLRookn%
• izek.kRokizek.kRos Lor% lka[;k% lekfJrk%A loZn’kZudkjL; iafDr u
    rq lak[;kuke~A
•   'yksdokfrZdO;k[;kus lqpfjrfeJ% lka[;n’kZuL; LorLRokn bfr
    eU;rsA
•   lka[;L; izfrfquot;Brs iqLrds mHk;r% LorLRokn% u izkI;rsA
•   vr,oa lka[; n’kZuL; mHk;ks% LorLRoa iwoZi{k#is.ksoknj.kh;e~
              [;


    2/28/2008                                                 9
ehekalklEerizkek.;okn%
       fda p fdfena Lor% izkek.;a uke~ 
          1-Lor ,o izkek.;L; tUe 
             2-LokJ;KkutU;Roe~ 
         3-LokJ;KkulkexzhtU;Roe~ 
   4-KkulkekU;lkexzhtU;Kkufo’ksquot;kkfJRoe~ 
 5- KkulkekU;lkexzhek=tU;Kkufo’ksquot;kkfJRoe 
2/28/2008                                 10
2/28/2008   11

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Pramanyvad in Indian Philosophy

  • 1. Hkkjrh;n’kZus izkek.;okn% MkW-jtuh’k dqekj 'kqDy% 2/28/2008 1
  • 2. izkek.;inL;’kCnkFkZfopkj% Meaning of the term Validity izek;ka izekRoa izkek.;a izekdj.kRoa ok Validity is a specific quality of valid knowledge or valid mean only 2/28/2008 2
  • 3. izekfuquot;BL;izekRoL; izkek.; laKk • izekdj.kRoa u Lohdj.kh;e~A • vfrO;kIR;Rokr~A • • izkek.;LFkkus ;kFkkFZka p O;ofâ~;rsA ;rs • vizekfuquot;BL;izekRoL; vizkek.;HkzeRofeR;kfnO;ogkj%A 2/28/2008 3
  • 4. izek vizek Kkua ija izek u vizek ;|fi KkuRosu izekRokizekRo;ks% lkekukf/kdj.;a O;kI;Roa ok KkuksRikfndk lkexzh ,o izeksRikfndk vizeksRikfndk KkuksRikfndk lR;fi izektud lkexzh u vizeksRikfndk Kkulk/kkj.kksRikfndk lkexzh lkekukf/kdj.k lR;fi uSdk lkexzh izekRokizekRo;ks#Hk;kstZfudkA 2/28/2008 4
  • 5. izkek.;xzg% mRi|ekuesoKkua izek vizek ok tk;rsA izek lŒKkua u dFkefi i’pkr~ vizkek.;a izfri|rsA vizek lŒKkua u dFkefi i’pkr izkek.;a izfri|rsA 2/28/2008 5
  • 6. Izkkek.;kizek.;ks% LorLRoa ijrLRoe~ Lkek;ka Kkulkexz~;k izekRoe~A vU;L; p lekxesu vizekRoa tk;rsA lkekU; Kkulkexz~;k ;L;ksRiknLrL; mRiRrkSµ LorLRoe~A lkekU; Kkulkexz~;kdL;fpnU;L; lfeJ.ksu ;L;ksRikn% rL;ksRirkSµ ijrLRoe~A 2/28/2008 6
  • 7. Izkkek.;kek.;ks’prq/kZk okn% izfl)îfr • mHk;ks% LorLRoe~A • mHk;ks% ijrLRoe~A • izkek.;L; LorLRoe~] vizkek.;L; ijrLRoe~A • izkek.;L; ijrLRoe] vizkek.;L; LorLRoe~A 2/28/2008 7
  • 8. d% dL; okn% • mHk;ks% LorLRoa lka[;kuka ekU;rkµ ¼bfr dqekfjyiknkuqlkj% ½ • mHk;ks% ijrLRoa U;k;fonke~A • Izkkek.;L; LorLRoe~] vIzkkek.;L; ijrLRoe~ • ehekaldkuke~A • Izkkek.;L; ijrLRoe~] vIzkkek.;L; LorLRoa ckS)kuke~A 2/28/2008 8
  • 9. mHk;ks% LorLRookn% • izek.kRokizek.kRos Lor% lka[;k% lekfJrk%A loZn’kZudkjL; iafDr u rq lak[;kuke~A • 'yksdokfrZdO;k[;kus lqpfjrfeJ% lka[;n’kZuL; LorLRokn bfr eU;rsA • lka[;L; izfrfquot;Brs iqLrds mHk;r% LorLRokn% u izkI;rsA • vr,oa lka[; n’kZuL; mHk;ks% LorLRoa iwoZi{k#is.ksoknj.kh;e~ [; 2/28/2008 9
  • 10. ehekalklEerizkek.;okn% fda p fdfena Lor% izkek.;a uke~ 1-Lor ,o izkek.;L; tUe 2-LokJ;KkutU;Roe~ 3-LokJ;KkulkexzhtU;Roe~ 4-KkulkekU;lkexzhtU;Kkufo’ksquot;kkfJRoe~ 5- KkulkekU;lkexzhek=tU;Kkufo’ksquot;kkfJRoe 2/28/2008 10