1. :
:

3. www.mathsahl.wordpress.com
x = -
2 π r = -
r
: r -
π r ² = -
3,14 : π -

4. www.mathsahl.wordpress.com

5. www.mathsahl.wordpress.com
x =
2 π r

6. www.mathsahl.wordpress.com
+
( + )+
+ π r ² + π r ²
:
2 π r
2 π r + 2 π r ² :

7. www.mathsahl.wordpress.com
+

9. www.mathsahl.wordpress.com
.
1
2

10. www.mathsahl.wordpress.com
:
–
–
–
(–
- (2

11. www.mathsahl.wordpress.com
-1

12. www.mathsahl.wordpress.com
- 2

13. www.mathsahl.wordpress.com
- 2
.

14. www.mathsahl.wordpress.com
=
 =

15. www.mathsahl.wordpress.com
:
.
+ 12

16. :
:
www.mathsahl.wordpress.com