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- 1. EDMA 612 Rolyn V.Manansala CHANGING WORK ENVIRONMENTS AND FUTURE TRENDS Presenter Dr. Lilian Uy Professor
- 2. OVERVIEW: • Benefits ofpermitting employees to work from home • Disadvantages of permitting employees to work from home • Ethical dilemmas related to telecommuting and some of the solutions • Workplace Campuses Workplace of Yesterday Workplace of Present Workplace of Future • The Ethical Challenges presented by the use of Artificial Intelligence
- 3. Continuing technological changeshave further altered the way people work and even the time and place where they do so. Growing numbers of people now spend some of their time working at home. Job sharing and flexible work schedules have emerged as alternatives to traditional patterns of work. INTRODUCTION
- 4. • The termtelecommuting emerged in the 1970s to describe the practice of working at a specific location, whether the employee’s home or an alternate office, to reduce commuting time to a centrally located office space or store. TELECOMMUTING AND ITS ADVANTAGES
- 5. TELECOMMUTING AND ITSADVANTAGES The most recent Census data reveal that almost four million U.S. employees skip the commute for at least part of each week, and according to a 2018 poll, worldwide, one in five workers telecommutes frequently, with approximately 10 percent working from home every day. Clearly, employers are embracing telecommuting as a tool for flexibility, on a scale from occasional use to full-time implementation.
- 6. BENEFITS OF PERMITTINGEMPLOYEES TO WORK FROM HOME • Flexibility and Agility Home working enables more agility and flexibility in working arrangements. With employees no longer tied to an office, they may be better placed and more willing to work flexible hours such as earlier or later in the day or even at weekends. This may help you meet certain business needs eg if you are trading with customers residing in a different time zone.
- 7. BENEFITS OF PERMITTINGEMPLOYEES TO WORK FROM HOME • Improved employee retention Home working can help retain employees as the flexibility of home working can help them meet childcare needs, reduce their commute and enable them to fit their work around their personal life. Being allowed to work from home, staff will also feel increased levels of trust from their employer, which can contribute greatly to staff loyalty.
- 8. BENEFITS OF PERMITTINGEMPLOYEES TO WORK FROM HOME • Increased productivity Due to fewer interruptions, which would normally occur in an office environment. By contrast, working from home allows for a quieter environment that can facilitate more focused work. You may also find that some employees may wish to increase their paid contractual hours as they save time that was previously spent commuting to and from the workplace.
- 9. BENEFITS OF PERMITTINGEMPLOYEES TO WORK FROM HOME • Increased staff motivation By working from home staff will feel more trusted by their employer as the working relationship isn't as closely monitored and employees are allowed a degree of autonomy to get on with their work. Staff will also be happier developing a home working routine that suits them better and this can contribute towards them feeling more motivated to give their best.
- 10. BENEFITS OF PERMITTINGEMPLOYEES TO WORK FROM HOME • Improved staff health and wellbeing Working from home eliminates the need for a commute to work that can be stressful to your employees. Time savings such as this also enables staff to get extra health benefits such as additional sleep, spending more time with family, exercising, or preparing healthier meals.
- 11. BENEFITS OF PERMITTINGEMPLOYEES TO WORK FROM HOME • Financial benefits Savings on office space, office supplies, utility bills and other facilities. Staff may also be able to take advantage of the tax relief available from HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC) for working from home - see claim tax relief for your job expenses - working from home
- 12. BENEFITS OF PERMITTINGEMPLOYEES TO WORK FROM HOME • Better work/life balance Savings on office space, office supplies, utility bills and other facilities. Staff may also be able to take advantage of the tax relief available from HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC) for working from home - see claim tax relief for your job expenses - working from home
- 13. BENEFITS OF PERMITTINGEMPLOYEES TO WORK FROM HOME • Technology makes it easier The internet has made it possible for staff to be continually connected to the office. Tools such as Skype have made communication between colleagues and teams much easier and at times can lead to more efficient and effective meetings.
- 14. BENEFITS OF PERMITTINGEMPLOYEES TO WORK FROM HOME • Lower sickness absences Staff are more likely to feel happier and more energised working from home and therefore less chance of their immune system being negatively impacted by burnout. Also the fact that employees are working in isolation there is less chance of infections spreading as would be the case within an office environment.
- 15. DISADVANTAGES OF EMPLOYEESWORKING FROM HOME • Working from home doesn't suit everyone • Staff feeling isolated • Difficulty monitoring performance • Home distractions • Cost of working from home • Information security risk
- 16. DISADVANTAGES OF EMPLOYEESWORKING FROM HOME • Negative impact on mental health • Decreased staff morale • Poor broadband speeds
- 17. ETHICAL DILEMMAS RELATEDTO TELECOMMUTING AND SOME OF THE SOLUTIONS Privacy Concerns Fair Compensation Work-Life Balance Isolation and Loneliness Security Risks
- 18. ETHICAL DILEMMAS RELATEDTO TELECOMMUTING AND SOME OF THE SOLUTIONS Performance Monitoring Environmental Impact Work-Life Balance Isolation and Loneliness Security Risks Performance Monitoring
- 19. WORKPLACE CAMPUSES Physical Presence WORKPLACEOF YESTERDAY (HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE): In the workplace of yesterday, physical presence at a centralized office location was the norm. Employees typically worked fixed hours and commuted daily. Hierarchical Structure Hierarchies were prevalent, with clear chains of command and limited opportunities for collaboration across departments or teams.
- 20. WORKPLACE CAMPUSES Paper-Based Processes WORKPLACEOF YESTERDAY (HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE): Documentation and communication relied heavily on physical paperwork, resulting in slower processes and limited accessibility to information. Rigid Workspaces Employees often had assigned desks or cubicles, and there was little flexibility in terms of where or how work could be done.
- 21. WORKPLACE CAMPUSES Limited Technology WORKPLACEOF YESTERDAY (HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE): Technology was basic, with limited access to computers, the internet, and digital tools. Communication primarily occurred through phone calls and in-person meetings. Job Security Job security was often high, and long-term employment with a single company was common.
- 22. WORKPLACE CAMPUSES Remote andHybrid Work WORKPLACE OF TODAY (CURRENT PERSPECTIVE) Remote work and flexible work arrangements have become more common, allowing employees to work from different locations and offering greater work-life balance. Flatter Organizations Many companies have moved towards flatter organizational structures, promoting teamwork, cross-functional collaboration, and a more agile approach.
- 23. WORKPLACE CAMPUSES Digital Transformation WORKPLACEOF TODAY (CURRENT PERSPECTIVE) The workplace of today relies heavily on digital tools and platforms for communication, project management, and collaboration. Flexible Workspaces Open office plans, co-working spaces, and hot desking are more common, providing employees with more choice in where they work.
- 24. WORKPLACE CAMPUSES Technology Integration WORKPLACEOF TODAY (CURRENT PERSPECTIVE) Advancements in technology, including AI, automation, and cloud computing, have reshaped how work is done, with a focus on efficiency and data-driven decision-making. Gig Economy The gig economy has grown, with more contract and freelance workers, and a shift away from traditional full-time employment.
- 25. WORKPLACE CAMPUSES Hybrid WorkNorm WORKPLACE OF THE FUTURE (PREDICTED TRENDS): The future workplace is expected to continue embracing hybrid work models, with employees splitting their time between remote and office work. AI and Automation: Artificial intelligence and automation will play a larger role, handling routine tasks and allowing employees to focus on creative and strategic work.
- 26. WORKPLACE CAMPUSES Virtual andAugmented Reality WORKPLACE OF THE FUTURE (PREDICTED TRENDS): These technologies will enable virtual meetings, training, and simulations, reducing the need for physical presence Wellness and Mental Health Employers will prioritize employee well-being, offering mental health resources and flexible schedules to support a healthier work-life balance.
- 27. WORKPLACE CAMPUSES Sustainability WORKPLACE OFTHE FUTURE (PREDICTED TRENDS): There will be a greater emphasis on sustainable and eco- friendly practices in the workplace, from energy-efficient buildings to eco-conscious supply chains. Diversity and Inclusion Companies will strive for more inclusive and diverse workforces, promoting equity and belonging among employees.
- 28. WORKPLACE CAMPUSES Continuous Learning WORKPLACEOF THE FUTURE (PREDICTED TRENDS): Lifelong learning and upskilling will be essential as job roles evolve rapidly due to technological advancements. Data Privacy and Security: Protecting sensitive data and ensuring privacy in an increasingly digital workplace will be a top priority.
- 29. WORKPLACE CAMPUSES Continuous Learning WORKPLACEOF THE FUTURE (PREDICTED TRENDS): Lifelong learning and upskilling will be essential as job roles evolve rapidly due to technological advancements. Data Privacy and Security: Protecting sensitive data and ensuring privacy in an increasingly digital workplace will be a top priority.
- 30. THE ETHICAL CHALLENGES PRESENTEDBY THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies are rapidly transforming society and will continue to do so in the coming decades. This social transformation will have deep ethical impact, with these powerful new technologies both improving and disrupting human lives.
- 31. 1. UNEMPLOYMENT The hierarchyof labour is concerned primarily with automation. WHAT HAPPENS AFTER THE END OF JOBS?
- 32. 2. INEQUALITY Our economicsystem is based on compensation for contribution to the economy, often assessed using an hourly wage. The majority of companies are still dependent on hourly work when it comes to products and services. HOW DO WE DISTRIBUTE THE WEALTH CREATED BY MACHINES?
- 33. 3. HUMANITY Machines havetransformed the way we communicate, access information, perform tasks, make decisions, and maintain our health. While these changes offer numerous benefits, they also present challenges that require careful consideration and responsible use. HOW DO MACHINES AFFECT OUR BEHAVIOUR AND INTERACTION?
- 34. 4. ARTIFICIAL STUPIDITY Intelligencecomes from learning, whether you’re human or machine. Systems usually have a training phase in which they "learn" to detect the right patterns and act according to their input. Once a system is fully trained, it can then go into test phase, where it is hit with more examples and we see how it performs. HOW CAN WE GUARD AGAINST MISTAKES?
- 35. 5. RACIST ROBOTS Thoughartificial intelligence is capable of a speed and capacity of processing that’s far beyond that of humans, it cannot always be trusted to be fair and neutral. HOW DO WE ELIMINATE AI BIAS?
- 36. 6. SECURITY The morepowerful a technology becomes, the more can it be used for nefarious reasons as well as good. HOW DO WE KEEP AI SAFE FROM ADVERSARIES?
- 37. 7. EVIL GENIES Themore powerful a technology becomes, the more can it be used for nefarious reasons as well as good. HOW DO WE PROTECT AGAINST UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES?
- 38. 8. SINGULARITY Human dominanceis almost entirely due to our ingenuity and intelligence. We can get the better of bigger, faster, stronger animals because we can create and use tools to control them: both physical tools such as cages and weapons, and cognitive tools like training and conditioning. HOW DO WE STAY IN CONTROL OF A COMPLEX INTELLIGENT SYSTEM?
- 39. 9. ROBOT RIGHTS Whileneuroscientists are still working on unlocking the secrets of conscious experience, we understand more about the basic mechanisms of reward and aversion. HOW DO WE DEFINE THE HUMANE TREATMENT OF AI?
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