This document discusses malaria and new generations of anti-malarial drugs. It defines malaria as a sickness caused by the bite of a female Anopheles mosquito, which transmits Plasmodium parasites. The most dangerous species is P. falciparum, which can accumulate in vital organs and cause death. Artemisinin was discovered in the 1960s-1970s and acts by releasing reactive radicals when it comes into contact with iron in the parasite, destroying it. Chloroquine was discovered earlier but became widely used in 1946; it prevents toxic haem groups from accumulating in red blood cells and kills the parasite, though resistance has developed.