1. Policy
Analysis
Report:
Establishment
of
an
Institute
for
Environmental
Services
Certification
and
Accreditation
in
Ethiopia*
In
view
of
Environmental
Policy
of
Ethiopia,
National
Quality
Infrastructure
(NQI)
and
CRGE
Strategy
Framework
Joan
M
Jahn,
MPH
Report
for
Ministry
of
Environment
and
Forest
(MEF)
Government
of
Ethiopia
*COPYRIGHTS:
This
report
is
a
segment
of
policy
analysis
report
intended
for
publication.
Climate
Science
Centre
(CSC)-­‐
IESCA
PROJECT/Report/1000
Issue
Number
0.1
Date
03/04/2014

2. Policy
Analysis
Report
for
Ministry
of
Environment
and
Forest
Objectives
of
this
report
Rationale:
Why
establish
an
Institute
for
Environmental
Services
Certification
and
Accreditation?
The
objective
of
establishing
an
institute
for
environmental
services
that
conforms
to
standards
for
certification
and
accreditation
follows
a
policy-­‐driven
and
market-­‐based
approach.
It
recognizes
a
need
or
demand
for
independent
third-­‐party
conformity
assessment
in
view
of
environmental
standards
in
order
to
safeguard
the
environment
and
to
ensure
quality
of
life
of
people
as
the
country
drives
its
growth
and
productivity.
In
Ethiopia,
key
strategic
policies,
when
harmonized,
provide
the
enabling
legal
framework
with
a
net
effect
of
climate
resilient-­‐sustainable
growth
—
(1)
the
Ethiopian
Environmental
Policy
provides
a
framework
for
environmental
protection
and
sustainable
use
of
natural
resource;
(2)
the
Climate
Resilient
Green
Economy
(CRGE)
Strategy
for
green
growth
embodies
national
response
to
climate
change
impacts
through
sector-­‐specific
adaptation
and
mitigation
measures
in
line
with
the
(3)
National
Growth
and
Transformation
Plan
(GTP);
and
(4)
the
National
Quality
Infrastructure
(NQI)
Strategy
that
established
an
internationally
recognized
system
designed
to
accompany
economic
growth
with
standards
development,
conformity
assessment,
accreditation,
and
legal
metrology
toward
a
vision
for
quality
and
global
competitiveness.
Objectives
of
this
report—
§ This
report
therefore
aims
to
provide
an
analysis
of
the
enabling
legal
framework
and
the
existing
institutional
arrangements
for
the
establishment
of
the
proposed
Institute
for
Environmental
Services
Certification
and
Accreditation
(IESCA).
The
main
objective
is
to
provide
a
policy
discourse
and
evidences
on
the
key
issues
arising
from
roles
and
functions
of
the
proposed
Institute
vis-­‐à-­‐vis
mandates
of
governmental
bodies
and
line
ministries
involved
or
impacted
by
its
establishment,
particularly
the
Ministry
of
Environment
and
Forest,
and
to
reach
a
consensus
toward
a
final
endorsement.
§ This
report
also
aims
to
provide
answers
to
some
specific
questions
pertaining
to
institutional
arrangements
and
mandates
of
MEF
and
the
envisaged
Institute:
-­‐-­‐What
could
be
a
future
role
of
the
IESCA
in
building
capacity
of
Ethiopian
experts
and
professionals
in
the
field
of
environmental
protection
and
climate
change
actions?
-­‐-­‐How
is
the
IESCA’s
programmes
link
to
mandates
of
MEF,
the
NQI
systems
of
certification
and
national
accreditation
toward
meeting
international
and
national
standards
for
the
environment,
as
well
as
in
mitigating
and
adapting
to
climate
change
impacts
arising
from
social
and
economic
development?
1

3. Policy
Analysis
Report
for
Ministry
of
Environment
and
Forest
Objectives
of
this
report
-­‐-­‐What
could
be
a
future
role
of
IESCA
for
review
and
verification
of
environmental
impact
assessments
and
GHG
monitoring
reports
in
the
country?
-­‐-­‐What
could
be
a
future
role
of
IESCA
in
supporting
a
national
GHG
MRV
system
and
the
larger
environmental
M&E
system
in
the
country?
-­‐-­‐What
is
the
legal
authority
of
MEF
to
designate
IESCA
as
one
provider
of
independent
verification
and
certification
of
environmental
services
in
the
country?
-­‐-­‐What
mechanism
or
modality
of
cooperation
would
ensure
“optimization”
of
IESCA
that
is
in
line
with
the
mandates
of
MEF?
-­‐-­‐How
is
the
sustainability
of
IESCA
planned
following
its
establishment?
In
view
of
both
policy
and
legal
framework,
it
is
a
primary
intention
of
this
report
to
therefore
provide
an
analysis
of
legal
mandates
particularly
of
the
MEF
and
the
NQI
institutions
vis-­‐à-­‐vis
the
envisaged
IESCA,
to
determine
any
overlaps
in
jurisdiction,
conflict,
duplication
of
tasks,
or
complementarity.
Structure
of
the
report—
This
particular
report
for
the
Ministry
of
Environment
and
Forest
(MEF)
is
structured
in
two
parts:
Part
I,
Summary
Report
for
the
Minister,
provides
a
summary
of
the
key
issues
discussed
and
the
recommendations
that
follow.
Part
II,
Contents,
provides
a
more
detailed
discourse
or
analysis
of
the
policy
and
legal
evidences
supporting
the
establishment
of
IESCA.
The
content
of
this
report
is
an
attempt
to
provide
analysis
and
knowledge
in
view
of
those
key
issues.
The
aim
is
to
present
the
analysis
in
a
more
concise
manner,
and
by
intention
of
the
author,
is
presented
in
this
abridged
format
which
is
to
be
considered
as
segment
only
of
a
larger
policy
analysis
report.
The
policy
report
that
is
about
to
be
finalized
upon
receiving
inputs
from
MEF,
and
when
final
consensus
has
been
reached
will
then
be
presented
to
all
other
relevant
line
ministries.
2

4. Policy
Analysis
Report
for
Ministry
of
Environment
and
Forest
Policy
and
Legal
Framework:
GTP,
Environmental
Policy,
CRGE
Strategy,
NQI
Strategy
-­‐This
report
considers
those
four
key
national
policies
to
be
the
most
instrumental
and
purposive
public
instruments
to
bring
net
positive
changes
for
the
benefit
of
people
and
environment
in
Ethiopia.
The
net
effect
or
impact
of
these
policies
on
the
state
of
the
environment
is
yet
to
be
studied
in
the
future,
using
policy
impact
evaluation
methodologies.
-­‐
The
environmental
policies,
CRGE,
NQI
strategy,
and
the
GTP,
when
harmonized,
provides
an
overall
enabling
framework
for
the
justification
of
establishing
an
institute
for
environmental
services
in
Ethiopia,
in
particular
the
envisaged
IESCA.
-­‐The
policy
and
legal
framework
therefore
both
enables
and
requires
for
the
establishment
of
an
independent
entity
who
would
act
as
“service
provider”
in
the
context
of
“conformity
assessment”,
notwithstanding
the
added
value
for
quality
assurance,
and
increasing
manpower
pool
for
environmental
protection
in
the
country.
What
are
needed
to
strengthen
the
implementation
of
National
Environmental
Policy
and
the
CRGE
strategy?
What
is
the
role
of
NQI
system?
The
envisaged
IESCA,
when
established,
would
provide
complementary
role
to
the
MEF
and
to
the
sector-­‐specific
line
ministries
in
the
CRGE
framework.
The
analysis
of
mandates
presented
in
this
report
show
a
synergy
between
the
mandates
of
the
ministries,
more
importantly
the
MEF,
and
the
IESCA
programmes.
Evidence
shows
that
synergy
or
cooperation
between
and
among
implementing
units
of
a
system
produce
a
combined
effect
greater
than
the
sum
of
their
separate
effects.
Such
net
effect
of
collaboration
amongst
IESCA,
the
MEF
and
other
CRGE
line
ministries
are
expected
outcomes
of
the
IESCA
programmes,
as
follows:
1-­‐
Capacity
Building
Programme
-­‐ The
IESCA
programmes
such
as
the
competency-­‐based
capacity
building
to
be
promoted
as
“ACES
Training
Program”
(ACES=Accredited
Certification
of
Environmental
Services)
is
designed
to
actually
enhance
standards-­‐based
competencies
of
environmental
professionals
particularly
those
in
the
line
ministries
and
in
the
regional
environmental
units,
the
academia,
and
research
institutions
in
this
field.
2-­‐
Environmental
Services
to
strengthen
implementation
of
environmental
policies
and
regulations
in
Ethiopia
toward
protection
of
the
environment,
promotion
of
safety,
and
reducing
GHG
emissions—
Environmental
Impact
Assessment
(EIA),
Environmental
Management
Systems
and
Environment
Audit,
GHG
MRV
System,
Environmental
M&E,
Environmental
Personnel
Certification
(based
on
ISO
14001),
Verification
and
Certification
of
Environment
Reports
I.
Summary
Report
for
the
Minister
Evidence
shows
that
synergy
or
cooperation
between
and
among
implementing
units
of
a
system
produce
a
combined
effect
greater
than
the
sum
of
their
separate
effects.
3

5. Policy
Analysis
Report
for
Ministry
of
Environment
and
Forest
3-­‐
Quality
improvement
and
assurance
What
is
the
role
of
Certification
and
Accreditation
in
capacity
building
and
quality
improvement?
How
the
mechanisms
of
NQI
system
provide
the
enabling
framework
for
IESCA
in
the
area
of
conformity
assessment?
Conformity
Assessment
Bodies
–
preferably
private,
independent,
and
highly
credible
4-­‐
Measurement
and
verification
of
impacts
of
investments
on
the
environment
What
existing
mechanisms
attempt
to
measure
environmental
impacts
of
investments
and
projects
in
the
country?
EIA
CRGE
Strategy
Impact
Evaluation
What
is
the
role
of
verification
in
reporting
environmental
and
GHG
status?
Verification
of
GHG
emission
report
(sector-­‐specific
reporting,
facility
and
corporate
level)
5-­‐
Technical
assistance
(TA)
mobilization
to
provide
support
the
establishment
of
a
national
GHG
MRV
system
under
the
coordinating
role
of
the
MEF
Is
there
a
national
target
for
GHG
emission?
What
is
the
role
of
MEF
in
building
a
national
GHG
MRV
system?
What
is
the
legal
framework
for
building
a
national
MRV
system?
What
is
the
government
regulation
on
GHG
emission?
Mandatory
vs.
Voluntary
reporting
6-­‐
Strengthening
of
national
environmental
monitoring,
evaluation,
and
reporting
through
the
data
base
management
system,
and
technical
assistance
(TA)
for
the
review
of
EIA
studies,
and
other
reports.
Environmental
Reports:
EIA
Report,
State
of
the
Environment
Report,
National
GHG
Communication
Report
to
UNFCCC/Kyoto
Protocol
I.
Summary
Report
for
the
Minister
4

6.
Policy
Analysis
Report
for
Ministry
of
Environment
and
Forest
_____
Some
key
recommendations
with
implications
for
policy
and
programme:
1.
Establishing
an
independent
third
party
verification
and
certification
system
for
the
key
environmental
services,
particularly
the
EIA,
to
ensure
conformity
to
environmental
protocols,
standards
and
regulations.
2.
Establishing
a
national
GHG
MRV
system
–
beginning
with
sector-­‐specific
GHG
emission
inventories,
sector-­‐specific
reporting,
and
independent
verification/conformity
assessment.
-­‐
Mandatory
vs.
Voluntary
reporting
of
GHG
emission
3.
Strengthening
capacity
building
programmes
of
line
ministries
aimed
at
improving
technical
competence
of
both
institutions
and
personnel,
with
corresponding
budget
allocation,
for
environmental
audit,
monitoring
and
evaluation,
and
preparation
of
national
environmental
reports
(National
Communication
Report
to
UNFCCC,
State
of
the
Environment
Report),
conducting
impact
evaluation).
4.
Strengthening
an
integrated
knowledge
management
system
for
the
environment,
building
upon
the
existing
national
environmental
M
&
E,
data
base
management,
and
environmental
regulation
compliance
systems
within
the
Ministry.
5.
Leveraging
the
role
of
academia
and
education
sector
for
building
knowledge
and
competence
on
environment
and
climate
through
research,
education
and
training,
and
technical
assistance
and
advisory
support
to
sector
line
ministries
and
regional
environment
units.
Summary
Report
for
the
Minister
5

7.
Policy
Analysis
Report
for
Ministry
of
Environment
and
Forest
Page
2
Objectives
of
the
Report
4
Part
I:
Summary
Report
for
the
Minister
6
Part
II:
Contents
7
Policy
and
legal
framework
12
Mandates
Analysis
25
Institutional
mechanisms
for
Environmental
Policy
and
CRGE
28
National
Quality
Infrastructure
(NQI)
32
Conclusions
and
Way
Forward
33
Annexes
41
Acknowledgements
II.
Contents
6

8.
Policy
Analysis
Report
for
Ministry
of
Environment
and
Forest
Introduction:
Ethiopia
as
a
country
has
embarked
on
a
strong
commitment
to
propel
its
growth
and
transformation
toward
a
goal
of
reaching
a
middle-­‐income
status
by
the
year
2025.
This
national
vision
is
anchored
on
environment-­‐responsive
investments
and
green
growth.
The
Growth
and
Transformation
Plan
(GTP)
recognizes
the
principles
of
sustainable
growth
as
embodied
in
the
1997
Environmental
Policy
of
Ethiopia.
In
2011,
the
Climate
Resilient
Green
Economy
(CRGE)
Strategy
has
been
adopted
as
a
national
policy
framework
to
embody
both
sustainable
green
development
goals
and
climate
change
mitigation
and
adaptation
actions
of
the
country.
The
CRGE
is
well
received
by
governmental
executive
bodies
as
well
as
stakeholders
at
international
and
national
levels,
sub-­‐national
and
regional
communities.
The
participation
of
private
commercial
organizations
has
also
already
begun
through
various
donor-­‐
assisted
projects
such
as
the
SCIP
Fund.
A
strong
leadership
by
the
Ministry
of
Finance
and
Economic
Development
(MoFED)
and
the
newly
mandated
Ministry
of
Environment
and
Forest
(MEF)
plus
a
good
support
from
the
donors
has
manifested
the
vibrancy
of
its
implementation
beginning
the
fiscal
year
2014.
A
major
challenge
facing
the
Environmental
Policy
and
the
CRGE
strategy
though
is
the
need
to
build
and
enhance
national
capacity
and
systems
to
meet
all
crucial
requirements
that
will
ensure
success
of
implementation
at
all
levels
in
the
country.
A
result
of
a
SCIP
Fund
assessment
of
national
capacity
and
capability
for
the
CRGE
has
shown
a
huge
gap
in
organizational
capacity
for
implementation
particularly
amongst
the
CRGE
sector
line
ministries
(see
OCAM
report).
There
is
a
strong
felt
need
to
strengthen
the
existing
capacity
building
programmes
of
the
government
in
order
to
facilitate
a
more
effective
and
efficient
implementation
of
the
CRGE
strategy
and
the
policy
for
environmental
protection
and
safety.
The
Climate
Science
Centre
(CSC)
of
the
College
of
Natural
Sciences
Addis
Ababa
University
and
in
consultation
with
(then)
Federal
Environmental
Protection
Authority
or
EPA
(now
Ministry
of
Environment
and
Forest)
has
initiated
a
response
to
this
compelling
need
for
national
capacity
building
in
view
of
the
goals
and
objectives
of
the
National
Environmental
Policy
of
Ethiopia
and
the
CRGE
Strategy.
Policy
and
Legal
Framework
The
Constitution
of
Ethiopia—
provides
for
the
rights
of
all
persons
to
a
clean
and
healthy
environment.
(FDRE
Article
44
of
the
Constitution:
Environmental
Rights,
Sub-­‐Article
1)
7

9.
Policy
Analysis
Report
for
Ministry
of
Environment
and
Forest
The
“intervention”
is
designed
to
actually
establish
an
accredited
institute
for
environmental
services
verification
and
certification
systems
that
are
based
on
standards,
both
national
and
international.
The
intermediate
objective
of
which
is
to
provide
certified
training
of
environmental
professionals
in
the
country
toward
a
quality
delivery
of
environmental
services.
A
critical
objective
is
to
support
the
larger
environmental
monitoring
and
impact
evaluation
of
environmental
protection
policies
as
well
as
the
control
and
reporting
and
verification
of
greenhouse
gas
(GHG)
emissions.
National
policy
framework
for
environment,
safety
and
climate
change—
The
1997
National
Environmental
Policy
of
Ethiopia
and
the
Environmental
Protection
Organs
Establishment
Proclamation
of
2002
(Proc.
No.
295/2002)
provide
the
overarching
legal
context
for
public
policy
responses
to
environment
and
climate
change.
The
Environmental
Policy
outlines
objectives
that
pertain
to
climate
change,
including
a
focus
on
climate
monitoring,
control
of
greenhouse
gases
and
use
of
renewable
energy.
Proclamation
No.
295/2002
established
the
Environmental
Protection
Agency
and
gave
it
the
statutory
mandate
to
coordinate
the
national
response
to
climate
change
(FDRE
2002).
Proclamation
803/2013
passes
this
mandate
onto
the
Ministry
of
Environment
and
Forests
(FDRE
2011).
The
National
Environmental
Policy
has
outlined
specific
mechanisms
for
ensuring
environmental
protection,
in
particular
the
Strategic
Land
Use,
Environmental
Impact
Assessment
(EIA),
Environmental
Auditing,
Environmental
Information,
and
Environmental
Education
and
Awareness.
Although
a
need
for
independent
review
and
verification
of
EIA
reports
is
required,
a
system
for
its
implementation
has
been
deficient
in
terms
of
existence
of
an
independent
review
body
outside
the
government
sector.
Currently
EIA
report
reviews
and
decisions
with
regard
to
assessment
of
impact
on
the
environment
and
affected
populations
are
being
done
by
line
ministries
(industry,
mines,
agriculture,
transport,
water,
irrigation
and
energy,
and
urban
development,
housing
and
construction)
designated
by
MEF.
However
constraints
in
conducting
a
good
review
emanates
from
weak
organizational
capacity
of
designated
line
ministries,
a
small
number
of
competent
human
resource
to
conduct
the
review
of
EIA
studies,
and
a
weak
monitoring
system
to
assess
the
implementation
mitigation
actions
and
report
on
associated
negative
environmental
impacts
of
the
projects.
This
major
institutional
gap
in
EIA
has
brought
the
idea
of
establishing
an
institute
(IESCA)
that
is
capable
of
conducting
independent
review
of
EIA
studies,
providing
guidance
in
technical
assessment,
monitoring
and
reporting
of
mitigation
actions,
and
at
the
same
time
one
that
could
potentially
boost
organizational
and
human
resource
capacity
within
the
environment
sector.
Policy
and
Legal
Framework
8

10.
Policy
Analysis
Report
for
Ministry
of
Environment
and
Forest
The
Environmental
Policy
although
covering
already
a
wide
range
of
resource
sectors
(i.e.,
soil,
forest,
woodlands,
biodiversity,
water,
energy,
minerals,
urban
environment,
environmental
health,
industrial
pollution,
atmospheric
pollution,
and
cultural
and
natural
heritage),
encompassing
cross-­‐sector
issues
such
as
population
and
the
environment,
community
participation
and
the
environment,
tenure
and
access
rights
to
land—the
aspects
of
GHG
measurements,
reporting
and
verification
(MRV)
systems,
and
the
larger
Environmental
Monitoring
and
Evaluation
(M&E)
are
still
lacking.
There
was
also
no
mention
of
the
need
for
full
integration
of
climate
change
adaptation
and
nationally
appropriate
mitigation
measures
in
the
policy.
This
deficiency
could
largely
be
attributed
to
a
fact
that
the
climate
change
issues
were
not
high
on
the
national
political
agenda
at
the
time
of
crafting
the
policy.
The
2011
Climate
Resilient
Green
Economy
(CRGE)
Strategy
otherwise
known
as
the
green
economy
strategy
provides
a
complementary
policy
framework
to
the
Environmental
Policy
and
the
5-­‐year
Growth
and
Transformational
Plan
(GTP).
The
CRGE
policy
gave
importance
to
reducing
greenhouse
gas
(GHG)
emission
and
tackling
the
problems
of
unsustainable
use
of
natural
resources
as
inevitable
consequences
of
a
fast
economic
transformation
that
the
country
has
embarked
on
for
the
past
15
to
20
years
in
order
to
achieve
ambition
of
middle-­‐income
status
by
2025.
Under
current
practices,
Ethiopia’s
greenhouse
gas
(GHG)
emissions
would
increase
by
more
than
double,
from
150
Mt
CO2
emissions
in
2010
to
reach
as
high
as
400
Mt
CO2
emissions
in
2030.
Therefore
the
plan
is
to
follow
a
green
path
that
fosters
sustainable
development.
There
were
60
priority
initiatives
identified
in
order
for
the
country
to
achieve
economic
growth
targets
while
limiting
GHG
emissions
to
a
level
that
it
is
today,
some
150
Mt
CO2e
to
a
limit
of
250
Mt
CO2e.
The
green
economy
plan
is
based
on
four
pillars:
1.
Crop
and
livestock
green
practices
for
production
2.
Forest
protection,
conservation
and
re-­‐establishment
3.
Renewable
energy
generation
for
domestic
and
regional
electrification
4.
Application
of
modern
green
technologies
for
transport,
construction,
industries.
Policy
and
Legal
Framework
9

11.
Policy
Analysis
Report
for
Ministry
of
Environment
and
Forest
The
2010-­‐2015
Growth
and
Transformation
Plan
(GTP)
represents
an
opportunity
to
build
climate-­‐resilient
green
economy.
It
recognizes
the
potential
for
agriculture,
the
multiple
benefits
of
harnessing
water
resources,
massively
expanding
access
to
modern
technology
and
combining
climate
change
adaptation
and
mitigation
measures
toward
green
economic
development.
The
plan
also
recognizes
climate
change
both
a
threat
and
opportunity
for
Ethiopia.
Climate
change
impacts
are
evident
in
annual
loss
of
two
to
six
per
cent
of
production.
The
plan
therefore
recognizes
the
crucial
role
that
environmental
management
and
climate
mitigation
and
adaptation
measures
would
play
in
achieving
sustainable
development.
Thus
it
declares
the
government’s
commitment
to
building
green
economy
anchored
on
the
environmental
policies
and
laws
of
the
country.
In
addition
to
adaptation
measures,
the
plan
recommends
the
preparation
of
action
plans,
laws
and
standards,
raising
and
enhancing
public
awareness,
scaling-­‐up
of
best
practices,
certification,
standardization
and
accreditation
of
experts
and
organizations
working
on
environmental
issues
and
climate
change
mitigation,
embarking
on
aggressive
economic
expansion
and
development
measures
in
the
areas
of
renewable
energy
resources,
building
climate
change
mitigation
capacity
and
implementation
of
environmental
management
practices.
The
2009
National
Quality
Infrastructure
(NQI)
Strategy
on
the
one
hand
established
a
foundation
for
an
internationally
recognized
national
system
for
ensuring
quality
and
safety,
standards
certification,
accreditation,
and
measurements.
The
NQI
strategy
provides
the
policy
framework
for
the
re-­‐
organization
of
then
QSAE
(Quality
Standards
Authority
of
Ethiopia)
and
establishment
of
four
independent
entities
of
quality
infrastructure
system:
Ethiopian
Standards
Agency
(ESA),
Ethiopian
National
Accreditation
Office
(ENAO),
Ethiopian
Conformity
Assessment
Enterprise
(ECAE),
and
Ethiopian
National
Metrology
Institute
(ENMI)
by
virtue
of
Council
of
Ministers
regulations
(Reg.
Nos.
193,
194,
95,
196)
under
direct
authority
of
the
Prime
Minister.
Except
for
the
metrology
unit,
the
three
institutions
for
standards,
accreditation,
and
conformity
assessment
are
all
placed
under
the
authority
of
the
Ministry
of
Science
and
Technology
(MoST).
Policy
and
Legal
Framework
10

12.
Policy
Analysis
Report
for
Ministry
of
Environment
and
Forest
As
Ethiopia
embarks
on
a
more
robust
export-­‐driven
growth,
it
has
become
necessary
to
implement
the
new
NQI
strategy
to
meet
internationally
set
rules
and
avoiding
conflict
of
interest
that
potentially
arise
when
institutions
that
are
authorized
to
enforce
technical
regulations
and
standards
are
the
same
the
organization
authorize
to
provide
conformity
assessment
and
accreditation.
This
was
the
case
of
the
former
QSAE
set
up.
Although
QSAE
has
endeavored
to
provide
the
required
services
diligently
over
many
decades
since
its
inception,
the
concept
of
a
totally
integrated
system
has
come
under
severe
pressure
in
world
markets,
because
it
also
leads
to
unacceptable
conflicts
of
interest,
generally
manifesting
as
a
serious
impediment
to
trade.
The
lack
of
international
recognition
of
QSAE
has
become
a
major
constraint
for
Ethiopia
to
fully
participate
in
world
trade
markets.
(NQI,
2009)
The
NQI
institutions
and
system
are
now
established
thereby
allowing
the
country
to
participate
in
global
trade
under
the
World
Trade
Organization
parameters.
This
major
reform
in
policy
has
provided
the
needed
check-­‐and-­‐balance
in
trade
practices
in
the
country,
more
importantly
for
mandatory
standards
enforcement
including
environmental
health
and
safety
standards.
This
in
turn
is
expected
to
yield
positive
impacts
to
economies
derived
from
export
as
well
as
ensuring
that
domestic
markets
are
compliant
with
standards.
The
NQI
strategy
also
stimulates
a
fertile
ground
for
technology
capability
and
accumulation,
complementing
therefore
the
overall
strategies
of
the
GTP.
It
also
provides
for
the
creation
of
proper
technical
and
cultural
environment
for
the
application
of
quality
systems,
including
environmental
management
in
both
public
and
private
domains
to
ensure
improvement
of
quality
of
goods
and
services,
thus
improving
overall
competitiveness
of
Ethiopia
in
the
global
economy
toward
a
sustainable
growth
and
ultimate
goal
of
enriching
quality
of
life
of
the
Ethiopian
people.
The
NQI
overarching
goal
is
to
build
national
competitiveness
through
an
inter-­‐
linked
system
of
standards-­‐conformity
and
ability
to
provide
internationally
recognized
certification
and
accreditation.
Among
its
objectives
is
to
ensure
that
goods
and
services
are
designed
to
match
consumer
needs
and
expectations
as
well
comply
with
technical
regulations
thereby
ensuring
the
health
and
safety
of
society
and
the
environment.
The
role
of
institutional
capacity
building
and
developing
of
human
resources
is
highlighted
among
its
foundational
pillars.
See
supplementary
materials:
Annex
1,2,3:
Summary
tables
of
environmental
policies,
proclamations
and
regulations
Policy
and
Legal
Framework
11

13.
Policy
Analysis
Report
for
Ministry
of
Environment
and
Forest
Mandates
Analysis
The
roles
and
mandates
of
line
Ministries
for
environment
protection,
safety
and
addressing
climate
change
vis-­‐à-­‐vis
the
envisaged
institute
for
environmental
services
certification
and
accreditation
(IESCA)—
Proclamation
No.
691/2010—
A
PROCLAMATION
TO
PROVIDE
FOR
THE
DEFINITION
OF
POWERS
AND
DUTIES
OF
THE
EXECUTIVE
ORGANS
OF
THE
FEDERAL
DEMOCRATIC
REPUBLIC
OF
ETHIOPIA
(amended)
provides
for
the
establishment
of
the
21
line
ministries
of
the
Federal
government
of
Ethiopia
and
the
mandates
described
under
the
duties
and
powers
sections.
For
the
purpose
of
this
report,
only
those
line
ministries
directly
involved
in
the
implementation
of
the
Environmental
Policy,
NQI,
and
CRGE
are
included
in
the
analysis
of
mandates
vis-­‐à-­‐vis
the
envisaged
institute
for
environmental
services
certification
and
accreditation
(IESCA).
This
report
attempts
to
provide
an
analysis
of
those
mandates
vis-­‐à-­‐vis
the
proposed
IESCA
to
determine
any
overlaps
in
jurisdiction,
conflict,
duplication
of
tasks,
or
complementarity.
A
Synergy
Mapping
Matrix
is
presented
at
the
end
of
this
section
to
aid
the
discussions.
Ministry
of
Environment
and
Forest
(MEF)
The
1997
National
Environmental
Policy
and
the
Environmental
Protection
Organs
Establishment
Proclamation
of
2002
(No.
295/2002)
provide
the
overarching
policy
and
legal
context
for
public
policy
responses
to
climate
change
and
environmental
protection
and
safety.
The
establishment
of
the
Ministry
of
Environment
and
Forest
(MEF)
by
virtue
of
an
amendment
Proclamation
No.
803/2013
gave
the
statutory
mandate
for
MEF
to
coordinate
the
national
response
for
environment
and
climate
change
in
the
country.
The
proclamation
has
also
provided
the
transfer
of
all
powers
and
duties
of
the
former
Environmental
Protection
Authority
(EPA)
to
the
newly
constituted
Ministry,
including
the
passing
of
all
activities
related
to
forest
from
the
Ministry
of
Agriculture
(MoA)
to
MEF
(FDRE
Amendment
Proc.
No.
803/2013,
Sub-­‐Article
11
of
Article
37;
and
Sub-­‐Article
2
of
Article
33).
The
transfer
of
all
the
rights
and
obligations,
duties
and
powers
of
former
EPA
as
well
as
all
related
forest
activities
of
the
MoA
now
renders
the
MEF
as
mandated
government
authority
for
environmental
protection
and
safety,
forest,
as
well
the
lead
agency
for
reducing
greenhouse
gas
emissions.
12

14.
Policy
Analysis
Report
for
Ministry
of
Environment
and
Forest
Mandates
Analysis
Specific
mandates
of
MEF
that
are
found
to
be
relevant
and
enabling
the
establishment
of
IESCA—
§ By
virtue
of
Proclamation
803/2013
(A
Proclamation
to
Amend
the
Proclamation
on
the
Definition
of
Powers
and
Duties
of
the
Executive
Organs
of
the
Federal
Democratic
Republic
of
Ethiopia),
the
objective
of
the
MEF
as
an
authority
body
for
environmental
protection
and
forest
is
“to
formulate
policies,
strategies,
laws
and
standards,
which
foster
social
and
economic
development
in
a
manner
that
enhance
the
welfare
of
humans
and
the
safety
of
the
environment
(are)
sustainable,
and
to
spearhead
in
ensuring
the
effectiveness
of
the
process
of
their
implementation“
(Article
5,
Proc.
No.
255/2002).
§ Part
of
its
mandate
is
to
“coordinate
measure
to
ensure
that
environmental
objectives
provided
under
the
Constitution
and
the
basic
principles
set
out
in
the
Environmental
Policy
of
Ethiopia
are
realized.
§ Coordinate
actions
on
soliciting
the
resources
required
for
building
a
climate-­‐resilient
green
economy
in
all
sectors
and
at
all
governance
levels
as
well
as
provide
capacity
building
support
and
advisory
services;
§ Set
of
environmental
standards
and
ensure
compliance
with
those
standards,
in
consultation
with
the
competent
agencies;
§ Establish
a
system
for
environmental
impact
assessment
of
public
and
private
projects,
as
well
as
social
and
economic
development
policies,
strategies,
laws
and
programmes;
§ (e)
Establish
a
system
for
the
evaluation
of
environmental
impact
assessment
of
investment
projects
submitted
by
their
respective
proponents
by
the
concerned
sectoral
licensing
organ
or
the
concerned
regional
organ
prior
to
granting
a
permission
for
their
implementation
in
accordance
with
the
Environmental
Impact
Assessment
Proclamation;
§ Coordinate,
promote
and,
as
may
be
appropriate,
carry
out
research
on
environmental
protection;
§ Promote
or
assist
in
the
formulation
of
environmental
protection
action
plans
and
projects
and
solicit
support
for
such
action
plans
and
projects;
§ Advise
and,
as
feasible
and
subject
to
the
consent
of
the
Environmental
Council,
provide
financial
as
well
as
technical
support
to
any
organization
or
individual
having
as
its
objective
the
management
and
protection
of
the
environment;
§ Provide
advice
and
support
to
regions
regarding
the
management
and
protection
of
the
environment;
§ Undertake
study
and
research;
collect,
compile
and
disseminate
information;
undertake
capacity
building
activities;
as
well
as
provide
advise
and
assistance
to
regional
states—
by
virtue
of
the
provisions
on
common
duties
and
powers
of
Ministries
(Article
10
of
Proc.
No.
691/2010
(amended)).
§ Prepare
and
disseminate
a
periodic
report
on
the
state
of
the
country’s
environment
and
forest
as
well
as
climate
resilient
green
economy;
§ Establish
an
environmental
information
system
that
promotes
efficiency
in
environmental
data
collection,
management,
and
use;
§ Enter
into
contracts;
delegate
some
of
its
powers
and
duties,
as
it
may
be
deemed
appropriate,
to
other
agencies*;
*Agency
is
defined
in
this
report
as
“competent
agency"
which
means
any
federal
or
regional
government
organ
entrusted
by
law
with
a
responsibility
related
to
the
subject
specified
in
the
provisions
where
the
term
is
used”.
(Article
2,
Environmental
Protection
Proclamation
Organs
Establishment
Proc.
No.
295/2002).
13

15.
Policy
Analysis
Report
for
Ministry
of
Environment
and
Forest
Mandates
Analysis
14
STAKEHOLDERS’
SYNERGY
MAPPING
Complementarities
between
the
IESCA
programme
mandates
and
the
statutory
mandates
of
MEF
toward
a
common
goal
for
environmental
protection
and
climate
change
actions
are
shown
in
the
following
matrix,
referred
in
this
report
as
Stakeholders’
Synergy
Mapping:
!
!
IESCA!
Programmes!
MEF!Mandates!!
(Article!33,!Powers!and!Duties!of!the!Executive!Organs!Proclamation!Amendment!
Proclamation!No.!803/2013)!
(b)! (c)! (d)! (e)! (f)! (g)! (h)! (l)! (m)! (n)! (o)! (p)!
Capacity!Building!&!ACES%Training!Programme! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
!!!!!!!Environmental!Management!System!+!Environment!Audit! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! X! X! ! !
!!!!!!!Environment!Impact!Assessment!(EIA)! X! ! ! X! ! ! ! ! X! ! ! !
!!!!!!!GHG!MRV!! ! X! ! ! ! ! ! ! X! ! ! !
!!!!!!!Environmental!M&E! ! ! ! X! ! ! ! ! X! X! ! !
Verification!and!Certification! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! X! ! !
Expertise!Support/Technical!Assistance!(TA)!! ! ! ! ! X! X! X! ! ! ! ! !
Research! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! X! ! ! !
Knowledge!Management/Data!Base!System! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! X! ! ! X! !
EnvironmentTCRGE!Awareness!and!Education! ! ! X! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! X!
Selected
mandates
of
MEF
derived
from
Proclamation
No.
803/2013
(amended)—
Article
33/1
(b) establish
a
system
for
environmental
impact
assessment
of
public
and
private
projects,
as
well
as
social
and
economic
development
policies,
strategies,
laws,
and
programmes;
(c) prepare
a
mechanism
that
promotes
social,
economic,
and
environmental
justice
and
channel
the
major
part
of
any
benefit
derived
thereof
to
the
affected
communities
to
reduce
emissions
of
greenhouse
gases
that
would
have
otherwise
resulted
from
deforestation
and
forest
degradation;
(d) coordinate
actions
on
soliciting
the
resources
required
for
building
a
climate
resilient
green
economy
in
all
sectors
and
at
all
governance
levels
as
well
as
provide
capacity
building
support
and
advisory
services;
(e) establish
a
system
for
the
evaluation
of
environmental
impact
assessment
of
investment
projects
submitted
by
their
proponents
by
the
concerned
licensing
organ
or
the
concerned
regional
organ
prior
to
granting
permission
for
their
implementation
in
accordance
with
the
Environmental
Impact
Assessment
Proclamation;
(f) prepare
programmes
and
directives
for
the
synergistic
implementation
and
follow
up
of
environmental
agreements
ratified
by
Ethiopia
pertaining
to
the
natural
resource
base,
desertification,
forests,
hazardous
chemicals,
industrial
wastes
and
anthropogenic
environmental
hazards
with
the
objective
of
avoiding
overlaps,
wastage
of
resource
and
gaps
during
their
implementation
in
all
sectors
and
at
all
government
levels;
(g) take
part
in
the
negotiations
of
international
environmental
agreements
and
as
appropriate,
initiate
the
process
of
their
ratification;
(h) formulate
or
initiate
and
coordinate
the
formulation
of
policies,
strategies,
laws,
and
programmes
to
implement
international
environmental
agreements
to
which
Ethiopia
is
a
party;
and
upon
their
approval,
ensure
implementation;
(l)
establish
an
environmental
information
system
that
promotes
efficiency
in
environmental
data
collection,
management
land
use
(m)
coordinate,
as
may
be
appropriate
carry
out,
research
and
technology
transfer
activities
that
promotes
the
sustainability
of
the
environment
and
the
conservation
and
use
of
forest
as
well
as
the
equitable
sharing
of
be
accruing
from
them
while
creating
opportunities
for
green
jobs;
(n) (n)
in
accordance
with
the
provisions
of
the
relevant
laws,
enter
any
land,
premises
or
any
other
place
that
falls
under
the
federal
jurisdiction,
inspect
anything
and
take
samples
as
deemed
necessary
with
a
view
of
discharging
its
duty
and
ascertaining
compliance
with
the
requirements
of
environmental
protection
and
conservation
of
forest;
(o)
prepare
and
disseminate
a
periodic
report
on
the
state
of
the
country’s
environment
and
forest
as
well
as
climate
resilient
green
economy;
(p)
promote
and
provide
non-­‐formal
education
programs,
and
coordinate
with
competent
organs
with
the
view
to
integrating
environmental
concerns
in
the
regular
curricula.

16.
Policy
Analysis
Report
for
Ministry
of
Environment
and
Forest
Mandates
Analysis
Specific
mandates
of
other
pertinent
line
ministries
that
are
found
to
be
relevant
and
enabling
the
establishment
of
IESCA
(Article
22;
Definition
of
Powers
and
Duties
of
Executive
Organs
Proclamation
No.
691/2010
(amended))—
Ministry
of
Science
and
Technology
(Article
22)
§ 4/
coordinate
science
and
technology
development
activities
and
national
research
program,
ensure
that
research
activities
are
conducted
in
line
with
the
country’s
development
needs;
§ 5/
organize
science,
technology
and
innovation
database,
compile
information,
set
national
standards
for
information
management,
prepare
and
ensure
the
application
of
science
and
technology
innovation
indicators.
§ 6/
facilitate
interaction
and
collaboration
among
government
and
private
higher
education
and
research
institutions
and
industries
with
a
view
to
enhance
research
and
technological
development;
§ 7/
prepare
and
follow
up
the
implementation
of
the
country’s
long-­‐term
human
resource
development
plans
in
the
field
of
science,
technology
and
innovation;
cooperate
with
the
concerned
organs
to
ensure
that
the
countries
educational
curricula
focus
on
the
development
of
science
and
technology;
§ 8/
facilitate
capacity
building
of
public
and
private
sector
institutions
and
professionals
involved
in
science
and
technological
activities;
§ 9/establish
and
implement
a
system
for
granting
prizes
and
incentives
to
individuals
who
have
contributed
to
the
advancement
of
science,
technology
and
innovation.
§ 11/
encourage
and
support
professional
associations
and
academies
that
may
contribute
to
the
development
of
science
and
technology.
Ministry
of
Trade
(Article
21)
§ 1/(b)
create
conducive
conditions
for
the
promotion
and
development
of
the
country’s
export
trade
and
extend
support
to
exporters;
§ (d)
establish
foreign
trade
relations,
coordinate
trade
negotiations,
sign
and
implement
trade
agreements;
§ (e)
establish
and
follow
up
the
implementation
of
comprehensive
system
for
the
prevention
of
anti-­‐competitive
trade
practices;
provide
protection
to
consumers
in
accordance
with
the
law;
§ (f)
provide
commercial
registration
and
business
licensing
services,
and
control
the
use
of
business
license
for
unauthorized
purposes;
§ (h)
establish
the
legal
metrological
system
of
the
country,
regulate
its
enforcement
and
coordinate
the
concerned
bodies;
§ (j)
control
the
compliance
of
goods
and
services
with
the
requirements
of
mandatory
Ethiopian
standards,
and
take
measure
against
those
found
to
be
below
the
standards
set
for
them;
§ (k)
cause
the
coordinated
enforcement
of
standards
applied
by
other
enforcement
bodies
and
direct
implementation
review
conferences;
15

17.
Policy
Analysis
Report
for
Ministry
of
Environment
and
Forest
Mandates
Analysis
The
Ministry
of
Industry
(Article
20)
§ 1/(a)
promote
the
expansion
of
industry
and
investment;
§ (b)
create
conducive
conditions
for
the
acceleration
of
industrial
development;
§ (c)
provide
support
to
industries
considered
to
be
of
strategic
importance;
§ (d)
create
enabling
environment
for
domestic
and
foreign
investment
The
Ministry
of
Transport
(Article
23)
§ 1/(b)
ensure
that
the
provision
of
transport
are
integrated
and
are
in
line
with
the
country’s
development
strategies;
§ (c)
ensure
the
establishment
and
implementation
of
regulators
frameworks
to
guarantee
the
provision
of
reliable
and
safe
transport
system
The
Ministry
of
Urban
Development,
Housing
and
Construction
(Article
25)
§ 1/
(c)
provide
capacity
building
support
to
urban
centers
for
improving
their
service
delivery;
and
where
necessary,
organize
training
and
research
centers
in
the
field
of
urban
development;
§ (i)
without
prejudice
to
the
powers
given
by
law
to
other
organs,
set
and
follow
up
the
compliance
of
standards
for
construction
works;
§ (l)
register
and
issue
certificates
of
professional
competence
to
engineers
and
architects,
determine
the
grades
of
contractors
and
consultants,
and
issue
certificates
of
competence
to
those
operating
in
more
than
one
regional
states;
§ (m)
undertake
research
for
improving
the
types
and
qualities
of
local
construction
materials;
The
Ministry
of
Water,
Irrigation
and
Energy
(Article
26)
§ 1/(a)
promote
the
development
of
water
resources
and
energy;
§ (e)
cause
the
carrying
out
of
study,
design
and
construction
works
to
promote
expansion
of
medium
and
large
irrigation
dams;
§ (g)
in
cooperation
with
the
appropriate
organs,
prescribe
quality
standards
for
waters
to
be
used
for
various
purposes;
§ (i)
undertake
studies
concerning
the
development
and
utilization
of
energy;
and
promote
the
growth
and
expansion
of
the
country’s
supply
of
electric
energy;
§ (j)
promote
the
development
of
alternative
energy
sources
and
technologies;
§ (k)
set
standards
for
petroleum
storage
and
distribution
facilities,
and
follow
up
the
enforcement
of
same;
§ (l)
issue
permits
and
regulate
the
construction
and
operation
of
water
works
relating
to
water
bodies
referred
to
in
paragraphs
(c)
and
(d)
of
this
sub-­‐article;
§ (n)
ensure
the
proper
execution
of
functions
relating
to
meteorological
services.
16

18.
Policy
Analysis
Report
for
Ministry
of
Environment
and
Forest
Mandates
Analysis
The
Ministry
of
Agriculture
(Article
19)
§ 1/(b)
establish
a
system
to
ensure
that
any
agricultural
product
supplied
to
the
market
maintains
its
quality
standard;
and
follow
up
the
implementation
of
the
same;
§ (e)
formulate
and
facilitate
the
implementation
of
a
strategy
for
natural
resources
protection
and
development
through
sustainable
agriculture
development;
§ (h)
establish
and
direct
training
centers
that
contribute
to
the
enhancement
of
agricultural
development
and
the
improvement
of
rural
technologies;
§ (K)
monitor
events
affecting
agricultural
production
ad
set
up
an
early
warning
system;
§ (l)
establish
a
system
whereby
stakeholders
of
agriculture
research
coordinate
their
activities
and
work
in
collaboration;
§ (n)
follow
up
and
provide
support
in
the
establishment
of
a
system
involving
rural
land
administration
and
use,
and
organize
a
national
database;
§ (o)
ensure
the
proper
execution
of
functions
relating
to
agricultural
research,
conservation
of
biodiversity
and
the
administration
of
agricultural
investment
land
entrusted
to
the
federal
government
on
the
basis
of
powers
of
delegation
obtained
from
regional
states.
The
Ministry
of
Mines
(Article
27)
§ 1/(f)
issue
license
to
private
investors
engaged
in
exploration
and
mining
operations,
and
ensure
that
they
conduct
mining
operations
and
meet
financial
obligations
in
accordance
with
their
concession
agreements.
Note:
There
are
no
explicit
provisions
for
environmental
protection,
safety
and
addressing
climate
change
for
the
Ministry
of
Mines.
This
could
be
viewed
as
environmental
policy
gap.
The
Ministry
of
Health
(Article
29)
§ 6/
take
preventive
measures
in
the
events
of
emergency
situations
that
threaten
public
health,
and
coordinate
measures
to
be
taken
by
other
bodies;
§ 10/ collaborate with the appropriate bodies in providing quality and relevant
health professionals' trainings within the country;
§ 13/
ensue
the
proper
execution
of
food,
medicine
and
health
care
regulatory
functions.
Note:
There
are
no
explicit
provisions
for
addressing
climate
change
and
impacts
on
health
for
the
Ministry
of
Health.
This
could
be
viewed
as
policy
gaps
within
the
domain
of
public
health/environmental
health
policy.
17

19.
Policy
Analysis
Report
for
Ministry
of
Environment
and
Forest
Mandates
Analysis
Ministry
of
Finance
and
Economic
Development
(Article
18)
§ 1/initiate
policies
that
ensure
sustainable
and
equitable
development
as
well
as
macro-­‐
economic
development
as
well
as
macro-­‐economic
stability
in
the
country;
in
cooperation
with
the
concerned
organs,
manage
the
economy
by
monitoring
the
implementation
of
such
policy
and
submit
reports
on
the
performance
of
the
economy;
§ 2/establish
a
system
for
the
preparation
and
implementation
of
national
development
plan,
and
in
cooperation
with
the
concerned
organs
prepare
the
country’s
economic
and
social
development
plan
and
follow-­‐up
the
implementation
of
such
policy
and
submit
reports
on
the
performance
of
the
economy;
§ 3/establish
system
for
the
preparation
and
implementation
of
development
projects;
conduct
pre-­‐implementation
evaluation
of
project
proposals
submitted
for
financing;
§ 4/follow
up
and
evaluate
the
performance
of
general,
sector-­‐
and
multi-­‐sector
development
plans;
prepare
a
national
report
on
the
implementation
of
development
plans
which
will
include
the
performance
of
regional
states
plans;
§ 9/mobilize,
negotiate
and
sign
foreign
development
and
loans,
and
follow
up
the
implementation
of
same;
§ 10/manage
and
coordinate
the
bilateral
economic
cooperation
as
well
as
the
relationship
with
international
and
regional
organizations
set-­‐up
to
create
economic
cooperation;
follow-­‐up
the
impact
of
he
same
on
the
performance
of
the
country’s
economy;
§ 12/formulate
population
policy
of
the
country;
upon
approval,
follow
up,
coordinate
and
supervise
its
implementation;
§ 13/ensure
the
proper
execution
of
functions
relating
to
mapping
and
statistics
Mandates
of
NQI
Institutions—
Ethiopian
Standards
Agency
(ESA)
Established
by
the
Council
of
Ministers
Regulation
No.
193/2010,
the
Ethiopian
Standards
Agency
(ESA)
is
placed
under
the
authority
of
the
Ministry
of
Science
and
Technology.
The
Agency’s
main
objective
is
to
develop
the
Ethiopian
national
standards
and
system
for
ensuring
that
goods
and
services
in
the
country
are
compliant
with
required
standards.
And
in
relation
to
standards
development,
ESA
has
duties
and
powers
to
also
recognize
any
standard
published
by
a
national,
regional,
international
or
any
other
standardization
body
as
“Ethiopian
Standard
(ES)”.
For
its
services,
the
Agency
could
also
charge
fees.
The
National
Standardization
Council
(NSC),
established
alongside
ESA,
provides
approval
of
national
quality
and
standardization
strategies
proposed
by
the
agency.
Approval
of
mandatory
standard
mark
and
products
requiring
mandatory
compliance
are
among
the
important
functions
of
the
Council.
Together
with
national
Technical
Committees
(TCs),
standards
development
now
follows
an
internationally
recognized
system
thereby
meeting
one
important
requirement
for
global
trade.
18

20.
Policy
Analysis
Report
for
Ministry
of
Environment
and
Forest
Mandates
Analysis
Ethiopian
National
Accreditation
Office
(ENAO)
Established
by
the
Council
of
Ministers
Regulation
No.
195/2010,
the
Ethiopian
National
Accreditation
Office
(ENAO)
is
placed
under
the
Ministry
of
Science
and
Technology.
Headed
by
a
Director
General,
the
main
task
of
the
ENAO
is
to
boost
acceptance
of
Ethiopian
products
and
services
in
both
domestic
and
international
markets
through
a
conformity
accreditation
system
that
is
compatible
with
international
requirements
and
practices.
The
Council
of
Accreditation
has
also
been
established
to
provide
legal
framework
support
to
ENAO
who
is
also
mandated
to
approve
accreditation
and
recognition
of
conformity
assessment
bodies
(CABs)
as
well
the
establishment
of
technical
committees
for
accreditation.
The
ENAO
has
the
authority
to
provide
national
accreditation
to
all
local
conformity
assessment
or
certification
bodies
in
Ethiopia,
as
well
as
to
provide
recognition
of
foreign
conformity
assessment
bodies
that
wish
to
operate
in
the
country.
The
ENAO
is
now
on
process
for
achieving
international
membership
to
the
highest
international
accreditation
bodies
(i.e.,
IAF,
ILAC),
which
in
effect
will
provide
its
goal
status
to
become
one
internationally
recognized
accreditation
body
for
Ethiopia.
This
status
will
then
provide
international
acceptance
and
recognition
of
conformity
or
certification
bodies
accredited
by
ENAO,
but
currently
this
is
not
yet
the
case.
For
its
services,
ENAO
can
charge
fees.
Ethiopian
Conformity
Assessment
Enterprise
(ECAE)
Established
by
the
Council
of
Ministers
Regulation
No.
196/2010,
the
Ethiopian
Conformity
Assessment
Enterprise
is
a
public
enterprise
placed
under
the
supervising
authority
of
the
Ministry
of
Science
and
Technology.
As
public
enterprise,
ECAE’s
business
operations
are
governed
by
Public
Enterprises
Proclamation
25/1992.
ECAE
is
established
for
three
main
capacities:
(1)
Certification
of
products,
systems,
and
services
in
accordance
to
national
and
international
standards
and
legal
requirements;
(2)
Provision
of
inspection
services;
and
(3)
Provision
of
testing
laboratory
services.
As
one
certification
body,
the
ECAE
provides
certification
of
conformity
to
production
enterprises
or
service
providers
through
an
internationally
recognized
system
for
accredited
certification.
With
regard
to
products,
the
ECAE
plays
a
major
role
in
assessment
and
ensuring
that
products
intended
for
export
and
those
imported
into
the
country
are
meeting
international
and
national
standards
and
legal
requirements.
For
its
services,
ECAE
can
charge
fees.
PCP/Personnel
Certification
Programme:
QMS
(ISO
9001),
EMS
(ISO
14001)
PCP
is
one
service
area
of
ECAE.
The
scopes
are
currently
limited
two
ISO
standards:
Quality
Management
Systems
(ISO
19001),
and
the
Environmental
Management
Systems
(ISO
14001).
However
because
of
current
lack
of
certified
personnel
for
environment,
ECAE
is
partnering
with
Quality
Austria
for
the
PCP.
ECAE
is
among
the
target
direct
beneficiaries
of
IESCA’s
capacity
building
training
programme.
Ethiopian
National
Metrology
Institute
(ENMI)
Established
by
the
Council
of
Ministers
Regulation
No.
194/2010,
the
Ethiopian
National
Metrology
Institute
(ENMI)
has
legal
accountability
to
the
Ministry
of
Science
and
Technology.
As
an
institute,
the
ENMI
is
mandated
to
develop
and
maintain
the
national
metrology
system
that
is
compatible
with
international
systems
on
the
science
of
measurements.
It
also
builds
national
capacities
for
maintenance
of
scientific
instruments
and
provides
training
and
maintenance
services.
It
also
has
role
to
verify
competence
of
workshops
providing
service
for
maintenance
of
scientific
instruments.
Budget
allocation
by
the
government
provides
major
financial
resource
of
the
institute.
For
its
services,
NMIE
can
also
charge
fees.
19

21.
Policy
Analysis
Report
for
Ministry
of
Environment
and
Forest
Mandates
Analysis
20
STAKEHOLDERS’
SYNERGY
MAPPING
Complementarities
between
the
IESCA
programme
mandates
and
the
mandates
of
NQI
institutions
toward
a
common
goal
to
boost
national
economic
growth
through
standards
conformity
systems
and
quality
assurance
are
shown
in
the
following
matrix,
referred
in
this
report
as
Stakeholders’
Synergy
Mapping:
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
*ACES=!Accredited!Certification!of!Environmental!Services!Training
!!O!=!Objective!of!ENAO,!ENMI!
________________________________________________________!
!
IESCA!
Programmes!
Relevant!Objectives!&!Mandates!of!NQI!Institutions!
ECAE! ENAO! ESA! ENMI!
1! 2! 3! O! O! 1! 3! 7! 2! 7! 8! 9! 10! 14! O! O! O! 2! 4! 5! 8! 9! 10! 11! 12!
Capacity!Building!&!ACES*!Training!Programme! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
!!!!!!!EMS!+!EA! X! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! X! X! X! X! ! X! ! ! ! ! ! X! ! ! X!
!!!!!!!Environment!Impact!Assessment!(EIA)! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! X! X! X! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! X! ! ! X!
!!!!!!!GHG!MRV!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! X! X! X! X! X! X! ! X! X! ! ! X! ! ! X!
!!!!!!!Environmental!M&E! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! X! X! X! X! ! ! X! ! ! ! X! ! ! X!
!!!!!!!Personnel!Certification!Programme!(PCP)! X! ! ! X! X! X! X! ! ! ! X! X! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
Verification!and!Certification! X! ! ! X! X! X! X! ! ! ! X! X! X! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! X!
Expertise!Support/Technical!Assistance!(TA)/Advisory! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! X! X! X! X! ! ! ! X! X! X! ! X! ! ! X!
Research! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! X! X! X! X! ! ! X! ! X! ! !
Knowledge!Management/Data!Base!System! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! X! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! X! !
Environment[CRGE!Awareness!and!Education!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! X! X! ! X! X! X! ! ! X! ! ! X! ! X! ! ! X!
Selected
objectives
and
mandates
of
NQI
Institutions
MEF
derived
from
Council
of
Ministers
Regulations
Article
5,
Regulation
No.196/2010—
Purpose
of
ECAE
The
purposes
for
which
the
ECAE
is
established
are,
by
organizing
robust
certification,
inspection
and
testing
laboratory
services,
to:
1/provide
certificate
of
conformity
to
production
enterprises
or
service
providers
by
assessing
the
conformity
of
their
production
processes
or
service
provisions
to
the
relevant
national
or
international
standards
and
legal
requirements;
2/provide
certificate
of
conformity
with
respect
to
the
country’s
export
products
by
assessing
their
conformity
to
the
relevant
Ethiopian
standards,
international
standards
or
the
standards
of
other
countries;
3/provide
certificate
of
conformity
with
respect
to
imported
products
by
assessing
their
conformity
to
the
relevant
national
or
international’
standards
and
legal
requirements;
4/participate
in
inter-­‐laboratory
comparisons
and
proficiency
test
scheme
between
various
regional
and
international
testing
laboratory
institutions
with
a
view
to
proving
the
proficiency
of
its
testing
laboratory
services;
Article
5,
Regulation
No.
195/2010—
Objectives
of
ENAO
1/contribute
its
part
for
the
acceptance
and
appreciation
of
Ethiopian
products
and
services
in
domestic
and
international
market
by
developing
appropriate
infrastructure
of
national
accreditation
system
compatible
with
international
requirements;
2/establish
and
implement
a
system
that
enables
to
develop
conformity
assessment
and
management
system
consultancy
services
compatible
with
international
practices.

22.
Policy
Analysis
Report
for
Ministry
of
Environment
and
Forest
Mandates
Analysis
21
Article
6,
Regulation
No.195/2010—
Powers
and
Duties
of
ENAO
1/provide
accreditation
service
to
conformity
assessment
bodies
based
on
national
and
international
requirements;
3/
provide
recognition
service
to
foreign
conformity
assessment
bodies
that
wish
to
operate
in
the
country;
7/
work
in
cooperation
with
relevant
stakeholders
to
ensure
the
existence
of
an
integrated
support
for
strengthening
the
national
quality
infrastructure;
Article
6,
Regulation
No.
193/2010—
Powers
and
Duties
of
ESA
2/
Develop,
through
stakeholders
involvement,
approve
and
publicize
Ethiopian
standards;
7/develop
and
implement
awareness
creation
strategies
for
consumers
on
quality
and
standards;
8/enable
domestic
industries
to
benefit
from
technology
transfers
through
providing
technical
support,
training,
and
consultancy
services
for
developing
their
own
company
standards;
9/build
the
capability
of
companies
through
technical
support,
training
and
consultancy
services
for
developing
their
own
company
standards;
10/promote
the
use
of
technologies,
in
the
industries,
which
help
to
reduce
pollution,
wastage
during
production
process;
14/work
in
cooperation
with
the
relevant
stakeholders
to
ensure
the
existence
of
an
integrated
support
for
strengthening
the
national
quality
infrastructure;
Article
5,
Regulation
No.
194/2010—Objectives
of
ENMI
1/
deve!op
national
metro!ogy
system
compatible
with
international
metrology
system
and
ensure
techno!ogy
transfer
in
the
sector;
2/
establish
and
implement
a
system
that
enable
to
compare
Ethiopian
national
measurement
etalons
and
certified
reference
materials
with
international
etalons
and
to
maintain
and
disseminate
them;
3/
support
education
and
research
activities
in
the
field
of
metrology;
4/
build
national
capabilities
for
maintenance
of
scientiflc
instruments
and
provide
maintenance
servlces
;
5/
provide
technical,
training,
consultancy
and
information
services
on
scientific
equipment
with
a
view
to
supporting
users
to
carry
out
their
duties
effectively.
Article
6,
Regulation
No.
194/2010—
Powers
and
Duties
of
ENMI
The
lnstitute
shall
have
the
powers
and
duties
to:
2/determine,
and
maintain
national
measurement
etalons;
4/
support
industries
in
establishing
their
own
calibration
laboratories
through
providing
theoretical
and
practical
training
and
consultancy
on
metrology;
5/
based
on
other
countries
best
practices,
provide
support
in
building
the
capacities
of
universities
and
research
institutions
in
cùrriculum
designing
and
implementation
process
and
conducting
research
in
the
field
of
metrology;
8/
participate
in
the
calibration
result
inter-­‐comparison
program
with
other
national,
regional
and
international
metrology
institute
that
is
intended
to
ensure
the
reliability
of
calibration
services;
9/
work
in
cooperation
with
the
relevant
stakeholders
to
ensure
the
existence
of
an
integrated
support
for
strengthening
the
national
quality
infrastructure;
10/
conduct
research
in
the
field
of
metrology
in
collaboration
with
universities
and
research
institutions
and
disseminate
the
results
thereof
to
industries;
11/
establish
a
documentation
and
information
center
for
the
provision
of
metrology
related
information;
12/
provide
the
necessary
technical
and
professional
support
so
as
to
make
the
legal
metrology
activities
effective.

23.
Policy
Analysis
Report
for
Ministry
of
Environment
and
Forest
Mandates
Analysis
Mandates
of
the
envisaged
IESCA
Through
SCIP
Fund,
the
IESCA
Project
(a
component
project
of
ESACCAP)
hosted
by
the
Addis
Ababa
University’s
Climate
Science
Centre
is
underway
since
September
2013.
The
project
is
designed
to
establish
an
accredited
institute
for
environmental
services
certification
and
support
national
accreditation
system.
The
immediate
objective
of
which
is
to
build
the
capacity
of
environment
professionals
in
Ethiopia
toward
a
high
quality
delivery
of
environmental
management
services,
particularly
the
Environmental
and
Social
Impact
Assessment,
Strategic
Environmental
Assessment,
Environmental
Audit,
Green
Policy,
Environmental
MRV
monitoring,
reporting,
and
evaluation
systems
in
the
sectors
of
energy
and
water,
mining,
agriculture/soil
and
livestock,
forestry,
industry,
transport,
and
construction.
Vision
The
Institute
of
Environmental
Services
Certification
and
Accreditation
(IESCA)
will
be
an
internationally
accepted
benchmark
for
professionals
and
institutes
managing
and
providing
environmental
services.
It
will
certify
personnel/organizations
within
the
pillar
sectors
of
the
Climate
Resilient
Green
Economy
(CRGE)
framework
of
the
Government
of
Ethiopia
to
ensure
adherence
to
environmental
management
systems,
standards
and
protocols.
The
Institute
will
publish
curricula
and
training
manuals,
develop
procedures
and
guidelines
on
environmental
management
systems,
conformity,
monitoring
and
reporting
pertinent
to
environmental
protection,
conservation,
and
climate
change
Green
House
Gas
(GHG)
reduction
goals
that
are
consistent
with
the
CRGE
strategy.
In
doing
so,
it
will
directly
build
the
capacity
of
CRGE
line
ministries
as
well
as
establish
institutional
links
and
synergy
amongst
various
stakeholders
from
the
academia,
environmental
services
institutes,
the
private
sector,
and
civil
society
-­‐-­‐-­‐
regional
and
community
based
organizations.
The
Project
The
IESCA
Project
is
designed
to
support
the
CRGE
agenda
of
the
Government
of
Ethiopia
by
bolstering
the
institutional
capacity
of
relevant
government
institutions
and
agencies
to
address
the
gap
in
environmental
services
within
the
sphere
of
climate
science,
environmental
protection,
and
adherence
to
national
and
ISO
environmental
management
systems
standards.
The
proposed
institute
will,
therefore,
advocate
for
conformity
to
environmental
standards
and
protocols
through
the
institutionalization
of
environmental
services
certification
and
accreditation
procedures
under
the
guidance
of
ISO
accrediting
bodies,
as
well
as
fostering
partnerships
with
international
governing
bodies
for
climate
change
mitigation
and
adaptation,
in
particular
the
UNFCCC
Kyoto
Protocol
and
the
Intergovernmental
Panel
on
Climate
Change
(IPCC).
22

24.
Policy
Analysis
Report
for
Ministry
of
Environment
and
Forest
Mandates
Analysis
SEVEN
(7)
TASKS
OF
THE
PROPOSED
IESCA
1-­‐
Capacity
Building
for
the
environment
and
CRGE—
The
task
is
to
support
institutional
and
human
resource
capacity
of
environment
and
climate
change
professionals
in
the
country
through
competency-­‐based
training
on
environmental
management
systems,
auditing,
environment
impact
assessment,
and
GHG
MRV
systems.
The
goal
is
to
compose
a
pool
of
national
experts
for
the
environment
and
climate
change
issues.
Ethiopian
professionals
in
the
environment
sector
will
be
derived
from
the
academia,
Ministry
of
Environment
and
Forestry
(MEF),
Ministry
of
Science
and
Technology
(MoST),
Ethiopian
Standards
Agency
(ESA),
Ethiopian
Conformity
Assessment
Enterprise
(ECAE),
Ethiopian
National
Metrology
Institute
(ENMI),
Ethiopian
National
Accreditation
Office
(ENAO),
and
other
pertinent
experts
in
the
domains
of
environment,
safety
and
climate
change.
2-­‐Provide
TA/expertise
to
the
respective
government
bodies
in
developing/updating
policy
framework
and
guidelines
on
the
application
of
environmental
management
systems
and
services
in
line
with
the
CRGE,
NQI,
and
Environmental
Policy
of
Ethiopia;
3-­‐Support
technical
mobilization
for
the
establishment
of
a
national
GHG
MRV
system
and
provision
of
sector-­‐specific
services
requisite
to
the
CRGE
strategy
and
the
National
Environmental
Policy—
The
Institute
would
support
sector-­‐specific
implementation
of
CRGE
by
leveraging
its
4
pillar
services—
(1)
Environmental
and
Social
Impact
Assessment
(ESIA);
(2)
Environmental
Audit;
(3)
GHG
report
verification;
and
(4)
Environmental
M&E
–
in
eight
key
sectors:
energy
and
water,
agriculture
and
soil,
livestock,
forestry,
industry,
mining,
transport,
and
construction.
4-­‐Achieve
status
as
an
accredited
institute,
to
begin
with
ISO
Environment
Management
Systems,
and
therefore
able
to
provide
accredited
certification
of
professionals
and
institutions
within
the
domain
of
environmental
management
systems
in
line
with
all
environmental
policies
and
regulations
in
the
country—
The
Institute
seeks
to
collaborate
with
mandated
NQI
institutions
(i.e.
ENAO,
ECAE)
in
the
country
to
achieve
status
as
accredited
“third-­‐party”
certification
body
for
environmental
professionals.
5-­‐Participate
in
the
national
verification/certification
process
through
the
provision
of
professional
services
for
technical
assessment
and
validation
of
environmental
reports,
such
as
the
National
Communication
Report
to
UNFCCC,
EIA
reports,
and
other
reports
in
line
with
the
mandates
of
MEF;
6-­‐
Establish
a
central
data
base
system
and
knowledge
management
unit
for
climate
change,
GHG
MRV
system,
and
environmental
services
to
cater
to
a
growing
need
for
accurate
climate
information
in
Ethiopia,
with
prospects
of
providing
service
to
other
countries
primarily
in
the
continent
of
Africa;
7-­‐
Multi-­‐media
publication
of
information
materials
to
increase
environment
and
climate
change
awareness.
23