The document describes Trotter's method for treating epistaxis or nosebleeds. Trotter's method involves using gauze, a mask, and hand pressure to control the bleeding. It explains that epistaxis is commonly seen in children ages 2-10 and older adults ages 50-80. Environmental factors like temperature changes and medications like blood thinners can increase the risk of nosebleeds. The document provides guidelines for when to seek emergency care and describes treatments like nasal packing and cauterization done in a hospital setting.

1. TROTTER’S
METHOD
First Aid Procedure for:
EPISTAXIS or NOSE BLEEDING
PLT/cari/2021 TROTTER’S METHOD 1

2. PLT/cari/2021 TROTTER’S METHOD 2
OBJECTIVE
At the end of this session, the students will be able to
demonstrate the Trotter’s Method for Epistaxis which
includes:
a. Describe the principles of the procedure.
b. Describe the materials needed for the procedure.
c. Demonstrate the method properly.

3. What is EPISTAXIS?
(eh·puh·stak·suhs)
comes from the Greek word
“epistazein” which means "bleed
from the nose“
PLT/cari/2021 TROTTER’S METHOD 3
• also called nosebleed
• A commonly-found
complaint in ENT
Medicine conditions.
• more commonly occurs
in children: ages 2–10,
and older adults: ages
50–80.
• two types depending on
origin: anterior and
posterior epistaxis.

4. PLT/cari/2021 TROTTER’S METHOD 4

5. PLT/cari/2021 TROTTER’S METHOD 5

6. PLT/cari/2021 TROTTER’S METHOD 6

7. Environmental Factors
• changes in temperature or humidity, nose vessels
are more prone to rupture
• environmental factors can trigger allergies. Allergies
can cause excessive nose blowing and the use of
allergy medications that dry the nasal mucosa—for
instance, decongestants and antihistamines.
PLT/cari/2021 TROTTER’S METHOD 7
Medications
Anticoagulants such as warfarin, platelet aggregation
inhibitors, NSAIDs (aspirin and ibuprofen)
homeopathic medications that prolong bleeding (like
ginseng and Vitamin E), can all increase the risk of
epistaxis.

8. First Aid
Treatment :
TROTTER’S
METHOD
PLT/cari/2021 TROTTER’S METHOD 8

9. Get Emergency Medical Care
if Bleeding is:
PLT/cari/2021 TROTTER’S METHOD 9
• heavy
• happens along with dizziness or paleness
• continues after two or three times of applying
pressure for 10-15 minutes each
• is the result of a blow to the head or a fall

10. Hospital Treatment includes:
Nasal Packing
Special nasal sponges or foam or an inflatable
latex balloon is inserted into the nose to
create pressure at the site of the bleed
usually for 24 to 48 hours before being
removed by a healthcare professional.
Cauterization
Involves applying a chemical substance (silver
nitrate) or heat energy (electrocautery) to
seal the bleeding blood vessel.
Ligation
In this procedure, the culprit blood
vessel is tied off to stop the bleeding.
PLT/cari/2021 TROTTER’S METHOD 10

11. How do you treat epistaxis?
• Trotters method is first aid procedure to control bleeding
• Gauze
• Mask
• hand Galvez
• Ice pack
/cari/adminCSC

12. Patient Education
• Keep the inside of nose moist with saline
(saltwater) nasal spray or gel, or dab
petroleum jelly gently around the opening of
the nostrils.
• Use a humidifier in the bedroom.
• Discourage nose picking and keep fingernails
short.
PLT/cari/2021 TROTTER’S METHOD 12

13. Bibliography
• Anilkumar BR. Epistaxis. (2017). Health & Medicine.
• Vivek Muthukumar.Nose Bleeding. Online Image (2021). Slideshare.
• https://www.slideshare.net/AnilKumarGowda/epistaxis-or-nose-bleeding
PLT/cari/2021 TROTTER’S METHOD 13