7. PLANNING
▪ Planning is important as by
nature it inquires about
organizational goals and involves
decision making about desired
ways and means to achieve goals.
7
8. PLANNING
▪ Planning is the process by which
managers establish goals and
define the methods by which these
goals are to be attained.
8
9. PLANNING
▪ Planning involves selecting missions
and objectives and the actions to
achieve them; it requires decision
making, which is choosing from among
alternative future courses of action.
9
10. PLANNING
▪ It is, therefore, a rational
approach to achieving pre-
selected objectives.
10
12. 1. Primary Function
Functions of management largely
depend upon planning. It provides
the basic foundation from which all
future management functions arise.
12
14. 3. Continuous Process
▪ It is an on-going process of
adapting the organization
with the changes in
business.
14
15. 4. Flexible
▪ Planning selects the best alternatives
based on certain assumptions. There is
a possibility of dead log in the
functions of the management. It has
one more alternative to suit future
situation. 15
16. 5. Managerial Function
▪ It is found at all levels and all
departments of an organization. It
involves choosing the future
course of action from among
alternatives.
16
18. 1. Corporate Level
18
▪ A leader in this case provides a mission
and a vision which is duly needed in the
organization towards accomplishing
the set goals and objectives.
19. 2. Business Level
19
▪ Anderson and Joglekar (2005) posit
that all business enterprises can be
categorized under specific
organizations that work within
specific industries.
20. 2. Business Level
20
▪ These businesses develop strategies
which work at their level and that which
reflect their current position and the
amount of resources they have or need in
respect to the competitive environment
they are operating.
21. 3. Functional Level
21
▪ The functional level of planning
focuses on support functions
which are possessed by a business
enterprise.
22. 3. Functional Level
22
▪ Individuals in an organization rely
on goals and activities planned by
their leaders to align to and make
contributions towards the success
of attaining set objectives.
