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1. apt. Nursela Hijriani S.Farm.,M.Farm.Klin
THE ROLE OF
DRUGS
BACHELOR OF APPLIED NURSING
POLTEKKES KEMENKES MATARAM
2024
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PHARMACOLOGY

2. LEARNING MATERIALS
1. The role of the drug,
2. Considerations in the selection of drugs
3. Considerations in drug administration
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3. 1. THE ROLE OF DRUG
The FDA defines a drug as “intended for use
in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation,
treatment, or prevention of disease” and
“articles (other than food) intended to affect
the structure or any function of the body of
man or other animals.” (FDA, 2021 )
What is
drug?
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4. Drugs/medicines are an irreplaceable component
in health services
Drug/medicines play a very important role in
health services because the treatment and
prevention of various diseases cannot be
separated from therapeutic actions with drugs
1. THE ROLE OF DRUG
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5. The role of drugs in general
1. THE ROLE OF DRUG
1. Determining the diagnosis
barium sulphate is used as a contrast agent for
gastrointestinal x-rays to diagnose the presence of
appendicitis
2. Disease prevention
prevention of malaria, doxycycline 2mg/kgBW 1 day at a
dose of before departure and consumed every day but not
more than 12 days
3. Cure disease
Captopril for lowering blood pressure (antihypertension)
Metformin as antidiabetic agent
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6. The role of drugs in general
1. THE ROLE OF DRUG
4. Restoring health (rehabilitation)
Metadone, Kodein (tapering off)
5. Changing the body's normal functions for a specific
purpose
6. Improved health (vitamins)
7. Reduces pain (ex: analgetics -> mefenamic acid, natrium
diclofenac, morphin, phenthanyl, hydrocodone,
hydromorphone etc)
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7. What do you need to know about medicine?
1. THE ROLE OF DRUG
• Name of drug, packaging volume /
content / concentration,
manufacturer
• Composition
• Pharmacological efficacy of drug
components
• Indications and side effects
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8. 2. Considerations in the selection of drug
What are the
considerations
in selecting and
administering
drugs?
 Indications, contraindications, and
adverse effects
 Active substances cannot simply be
given as medicine
must be given in a
specific dosage form
solid, semisolid, liquid
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9. SOLID
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SEMISOLID LIQUID

10. The purpose of making a dosage form:
2. Considerations in the selection of drug
Easy to give and
practical
The dose given is
even
The stability of the
active substance
is guaranteed
Easy to distribute
to the public
The quality can be
determined
Easy to control in
circulation
Can be used as an
economic
commodity
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11. CONSIDERATIONS
IN SELECTION OF
DRUG
2. Considerations in the selection of drug
1. Cost and benefit ratio
• If the price is not affordable, other alternatives
still exist
• generic drugs or other brand drugs with the
same composition but cheaper prices.
2. Risk and benefit ratio
• In using this drug there may be risks that will be
experienced as a result of using the drug or
difficulties in obtaining the drug or in
administering it.
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12. 2. Considerations in the selection of drug
3. Optimal therapy, & avoid unwanted
effects
• drugs almost certainly have side effects.
• necessary to consider the combination, dose &
duration of administration) => to overcome side
effects
• ANTASIDA Al(OH)3 vs Mg(OH)
• Kodein vs Lactulose
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13. 3. Considerations in drug administration
Considerations when administering medication
1. Drug dosage form and which route is
the safest, according to the patient's
condition
4. Local or systemic
3. Drug of Choice for a disease
2. Relationship between drug dosage
form and delivery route 5. Onset and duration
6. Age and patient condition
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14. Principles in Drug Administration
2. Right Drug
3. Right Dose
1. Right Patient Nurses must ensure that the medications
is being given to the correct patient
Nurses should check the medication label and verify
the name, dosage, and strength of medication
Nurses should check the medication label and verify
the prescribed dose (correct dose)
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15. Principles in Drug Administration
5. Right Time
6. Right
Documentations
4. Right Route
Nurses must ensure that the medications is being
given in correct route (oral, IV, IM, subcutan)
Nurses must ensure patient’s medication
administration is accurately documented in the
medical records
Nurses should verify the frequency and timing of the
medication
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16. DREAMS ARE THE SEEDLING
OF REALITIES
—SOMEONE FAMOUS
“
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17. Thankyou
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