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The document is a mind map created by Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria about basic science concepts for 4th Year students. It covers the basic needs of humans, animals and plants which include food, water, shelter and air. It also discusses the life processes of these organisms such as breathing, excretion and reproduction. The mind map describes characteristics and behaviors that help protect humans, animals and plants from dangers like predators, extreme weather and dry conditions.

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Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science SK Permatang Tok Mahat 14300 Nibong Tebal, SPS, Pulau Pinang Mind Maps ScienceScience-018 UPSR 2010 Name Class Teacher MENYIASAT ALAM KEHIDUPAN Year 4 : : : En. Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar -1- -2-
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 1.1 Understanding that humans have basic needs Memahami bahawa manusia mempunyai keperluan asas Give energy / Beri tenaga Grow / Membesar To breathe / Bernafas Stay healthy / Sihat Air / Udara Food / Makanan 1.2 Understanding that animals have basic needs Memahami bahawa manusia mempunyai keperluan asas Give energy / Beri tenaga To breathe / Bernafas Grow / Bertumbuh @ Membesar Stay healthy / Sihat Air / Udara Food / Makanan Basic Needs of Human Keperluan Asas Manusia Basic Needs of Animals Keperluan Asas Haiwan Water / Air Water / Air Shelter / Tempat perlindungan Shelter / Tempat Perlindungan Drinks / Minuman Grow / Bertumbuh @ Membesar Drinks / Minuman Grow / Membesar Stay healthy / Sihat Types / Jenis : - holes / lubang - cave / gua - nest / sarang To protect from Untuk melindungi daripada - danger / bahaya - extreme weather / cuaca melampau -sun & rain / matahari dan hujan SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar Stay healthy / Sihat To protect from Untuk melindungi daripada - danger / bahaya - extreme weather / cuaca melampau - sun & rain / matahari dan hujan SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar -3- -4-
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 2.1 Analysing life processes in humans Analisa proses hidup manusia 1.3 Understanding that plants have basic needs Memahami bahawa tumbuhan mempunyai keperluan asas Nose/Mouth Hidung/Mulut Water / Air With water / Ada air : - grow healthy / tumbuh dengan sihat - grow well / tumbuh dengan baik - not wilted / tidak layu Lungs Paru-paru Organs Organ Plants Have Basic Needs Tumbuhan Mempunyai Keperluan Asas Air / Udara Wind-pipe Trakea Sunlight / Cahaya matahari Without water / Tanpa air: - wilted / layu - turn yellow / menjadi kuning - die / mati Exhale – give out air Hembus nafas- keluarkan udara Breathing Pernafasan Purpose / Tujuan : - avoid danger elak bahaya - avoid getting hurt elak dapat luka - avoid getting injured elak dapat cedera - to survive untuk terus hidup Respond To Stimuli Bergerak balas Terhadap Ransangan Inhale – take in air Tarik nafas – ambil udara Rate of breath Kadar pernafasan Number of chest movement in a period of time Bilangan pergerakan dada dalam sesuatu masa Life Processes of Humans Proses Hidup Dilalui Manusia Organs Organ Eyes – Sight Mata - Melihat Nose – Smell Hidung - Menghidu Tongue – Taste Lidah - Merasa Ears – Sound Telinga - Mendengar bunyi Skin – Touch Kulit - Sentuhan SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar Excrete Berkumuh Reproduce Membiak A process to produce their young or offspring Proses untuk menghasilkan anak Kidney ( urine + mineral salt ) Ginjal ( air kencing + garam mineral ) Lungs ( Carbon dioxide + water vapour ) Paru-paru ( Karbon dioksida + wap air ) Defecate Bernyahtinja Faeces Najis Skin ( Sweat + mineral salt ) Kulit ( peluh + garam mineral ) SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar -5- -6-
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 2.2 Being aware that certain behaviour can disturb life processes Menyedari bahawa sesetengah perlakuan mengganggu proses hidup Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria 2.3 Analysing the life processes in animals Analisa proses hidup haiwan Behaviour That Can Disturb Life Processes Perlakuan yang boleh mengganggu proses hidup Animals Life Processes/Proses Hidup Haiwan Smoking / Merokok Effects / Kesan - Lung cancer Kanser paru-paru - Coughing Batuk Mind Maps – Science Excrete / Perkumuhan Drinking Alcohol / Minum Alkohol How to avoid / Bagaimana untuk hindari Occupied time with beneficial activities Memenuhi masa dengan aktiviti berfaedah Taking Drug / Mengambil Dadah Breathing / Bernafas Defecate / Bernyahtinja Organs / Organ Effects / Kesan - Delay respond to stimuli Lambatkan ransangan terhadap ransangan - Lose ability to walk in straight line Hilang keupayaan berjalan dengan lurus - Can cause accidents Menyebabkan kemalangan Reproduce / Membiak Lay Eggs / Bertelur Give Birth / Lahirkan anak butterfly rama-rama To get rid of waste product from their bodies Untuk menyingkirkan bahan buangan dari badan bird burung cat kucing tiger harimau bat kelawar whale paus Participate in a campaign Ambil bahagian dalam kempen Advise from their peers Nasihat daripada rakan sebaya Lungs/ Paru-paru - monkey monyet - bird burung - whale paus SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar Gills/Insang Lungsbook - fish - crab ikan ketam - prawn udang Moist skin/Kulit lembap - frog katak - earthworm cacing tanah Trachea Structre/Sistem Trakea - insects serangga SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar -7- -8-
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 2.4 Understanding the life processes in plants Memahami proses hidup tumbuhan various ways plants reproduce through seeds, spores, suckers, stem cutting, leaves, underground stem. berbagai cara tumbuhan membiak melalui .bji benih, spora, anak pokok,keratan batang, daun, batang bawah tanah plants respond to stimuli. water, sunlight, touch, gravity. tumbuhan bergerak balas terhadap ransangan air,cahaya matahari,sentuhan,graviti plants reproduce. tumbuhan membiak the part of plant that responds to water bahagian pokok yang bertindak balas terhadap ransangan Mind Maps – Science 3.1 Understanding that animals have specific characteristics and behaviour to protect themselves from danger Memahami bahawa haiwan mempunyai ciri dan perlakuan khas untuk melindungi diri mereka daripada bahaya Specific characteristics and behaviour Sifat-sifat dan tingkah laku khas Life processes plants undergo Proses hidup tumbuhan Seeds – balsam, corn, durian Biji benih-keembung, jagung,durian the part of plant that responds to gravity. bahagian pokok yang bertindak balas terhadap graviti roots akar the part of plant that responds to sunlight. bahagian pokok yang bertindak balas terhadap cahaya matahari Permul why plants need to reproduce to ensure the survival of the species. mengapa tumbuhan perlu membiak untuk memastikan kemandirian spesisnya Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Akhir Special characteristics Ciri-ciri khas Special behaviour Tingkah-laku khas Sharp claws ( tiger, cat ) Kuku tajam ( harimau, kucing ) Pretend to be dead ( beetle, ) Berpura-pura mati ( kumbang ) Thick and hard skin ( rhinoceros ) Kulit tebal dan keras ( badak sumbu ) Camouflage ( cameleon ) Menyamar ( sumpah-sumpah ) Hard shell ( tortoise, snails ) Cengkerang keras ( kura-kura, Hard scales ( pangolin, crocodiles ) Sisik keras ( tenggiling,buaya ) the part of plant that responds to touch. bahagian pokok yang bertindak balas terhadap sentuhan Spray black ink ( squid ) Mengeluarkan dakwat hitam ( sotong ) Poisonous sting or fang ( centipede, snake ) Sengat atau taring berbisa ( kala jengking, ular ) Spines ( porcupine ) Berduri ( landak ) Horns ( buffalo, seladang ) Tanduk ( kerbau, seladang ) SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar -9- - 10 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 3.2/3.3 Understanding that animals have specific characteristics and behaviour to protect themselves from extreme weather Memahami bahawa haiwan mempunyai sifat-sifat dan tingkah laku khas untuk melindungi diri daripada cuaca melampau Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria 3.4 Understanding that plants have specific characteristics to protect themselves from enemies Memahami bahawa tumbuhan mempunyai ciri-ciri khas untuk melindungi diri mereka daripada musuh The specific characteristics Sifat-sifat khas Specific characteristics and behavior Sifat-sifat dan tingkah laku khas Hot weather Cuaca panas Thick Fur (Polar bears) Berbulu tebal (Beruang kutub) Wallowing (Elephant, hippopotamuses and buffaloes) Berkubang (Gajah, badak sumbu, kerbau) Fat Layers Under The Skins (Penguins, seals, and whales) Lapisan lemak di bawah kulit (Penguin, anjng laut, ikan paus) Humps (Camel) Bonggol (Unta) Have thorns Berduri Produces latex Keluarkan getah Cold weather Cuaca sejuk Wrinkled Skin (Elephant ,hippopotamuses and buffaloes) Kulit berkedut (Gajah. badak sumbu, kerbau) Mind Maps – Science Small Ears (Seals and Walruses) Telinga kecil (Anjing laut, singa laut) Poisonous Beracun Have fine hairs Berbulu halus Close leaflets when touch Daun tertutup bila disentuh Hibernate (Polar bears) Berhibenasi (Beruang kutub) SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 11 - - 12 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 3.5 Understanding that plants have specific characteristics to protect themselves f rom dry region and strong wind Memahami bahawa tumbuhan mempunyai ciri-ciri khas untuk melindungi diri mereka daripada kawasan kering dan angin kuat Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science The Basic Needs of Human and Animals Keperluan Asas Manusia dan Haiwan Specific characteristics of plants to protect themselves Sifat-sifat khas tumbuhan untuk melindungi diri strong wind angin kuat dry region kawasan kering Eg : cactus kaktus • • • Long roots to absorb water Akar panjang untuk serap air Succulent stem can store water Batang menyimpan air Thorn can can prevent the excessive loss of water Duri yang mencegah kehilangan banyak air . Eg: Coconut tree, bamboo tree, pokok kelapa, pokok buluh a. b. c. d. Have stems that bend easily Batang yang mudah bengkok Have buttress roots Akar banir Have separated leaves Daun berbilah-bilah Needle- shaped leaves Daun berbentuk jarum One evening, when Cik Ti crawled out from its shelter to search for food, the day started to rain heavily. Cik Ti immediately crawled back to the shelter, a hole near a woody house. Cik Ti was tired. She also felt hungry. She tried to find some food but there was no food left in the hole. “ Oh no… I will die without food.” Said Cik Ti frustrated. Cil Ti moved into the kitchen in that woody house. “ Arghh…… I am hungry!. Cik Ti screamed. “Wow, cheese…. Emmm…. Delicious.” After she had her food, she was thirsty. She saw a cup of water on the table. Cik Ti drank the water. Tap! Tap! Tap! Without her knowing, Mamat was ready to trap her into a plastic bag. He tighten the bag tightly. Help! Help! I can’t breath…… where is the air.” Shouted Cik Ti ….. Her voice slow down time by time. Lastly Cik Ti dead without air….. Suatu petang ketika Cik Ti merangkak di luar rumahnya untuk mencari makanan, tiba-tiba hujan turun dengan lebatnya. Cik Ti bergerak pantas kembali semula ke kediamannya, sebuah lubang di tepi sebuah rumah kayu. Cik Ti penat. Dia mula rasa lapar. Cik Ti cuba mencari makanan tetapi dia tidak menemuinya di lubang itu. “Matilah aku kalau tak ada makanan.” rungut Cik Ti . Cik Ti terus ke dapur rumah itu. “Arghh….. laparnya.” Tiba-tiba Cik Ti menjerit, “wow, keju….. emmm… sedapnya.” Selepas makan Cik Ti terasa dahaga. Dia ternampak secawan air di atas meja tersebut. Cik Ti minum air tersebut dengan gelojohnya. Tap! Tap! Tap! Tanpa disedarinya Mamat telah bersedia untuk menangkap Cik Ti. Cik Ti terperangkap. Mamat memasukkan Cik Ti ke dalam sebuah beg plastic dan mengikat beg itu dengan kuatnya. “ Tolong! Tolong! Aku tak boleh bernafas….. mana udara ni.” Jerit Cik Ti….. Suaranya semakin perlahan...... akhirnya Cik Ti mati tanpa udara..... SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 13 - - 14 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science EXCRETION PROCESS PROSES PERKUMUHAN What Plants eed to Stay Healthy? Thank you for giving me enough water. I can use it to make my food. Terima kasih kerana memberikan saya air yang cukup. Saya akan gunakannya untk membuat makanan. No. Bil Oh, it is my pleasure. Hope you grow healthy soon. Oh , itu sudah tanggungjawab saya. Harap awak akan hidup subur kelak. Organs Diagram Gambarajah Organ 1. Waste Products Bahan Buangan Kidney / Buah Pinggang Thank you for placing me to the direct sunlight. Now I get enough light. I can use it to make my food. 2. Urine + water vapour Ureter Oh, it is my pleasure. Hope you can grow healthy soon . Oh , itu sudah tanggungjawab saya. Harap awak akan hidup subur kelak. Kidney Air Kencing + wap air Lungs/ Paru-Paru Carbon Dioxide + water Vapour Karbon dioksida + wap air Terima kasih kerana meletakkan saya di bawah cahaya matahari. Kini saya telah mendapat cahaya yang mencukupi. Saya boleh gunakkanya untuk membuat makanan. 3. Thank you for giving me enough fertilizer. Now I can get enough mineral. I can use it to make my food. Terima kasih kerana memberikan saya cukup baja. Kini saya telah mendapat baja yang mencukupi. Saya boleh gunakkanya untuk membuat makanan. Emmm… I feel fresh. I can breath smoothly. Thank you. Now I can get enough air. I can use it to make my food. Emmm....saya rasa segar. Terima kasih. Kini saya telah mendapat udara yang mencukupi. Saya boleh gunakkanya untuk membuat makanan. Skin/Kulit Oh, it is my pleasure. Hope you can grow healthy soon . Sweat + Water Vapour + Mineral salt Oh , itu sudah tanggungjawab saya. Harap awak akan hidup subur kelak. Peluh + wap air + garam mineral Oh, it is my pleasure. Hope you can grow healthy soon . Oh , itu sudah tanggungjawab saya. Harap awak akan hidup subur kelak. SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 15 - - 16 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Plants Respond To Stimuli Tumbuhan bergerakbalas terhadap ransangan (Pussy Cat Song) Mind Maps – Science The Breathing Structure of Animals Gill Insang Oh Fresh Roots, Oh Fresh Roots what are you see? I want to go down to meet my gravity. Trachea Structure Struktur Trakea Trachea Structure Struktur Trakea Lung Paru-paru Oh Fresh Roots, Oh Fresh Roots why are you here? I’m going down to the soil to absorb water. Oh green shoot, Oh green Shoot what make you bright? I can go up to search for sunlight. Nose Hidung The shoot responds to sunlight Pucuk bergerakbalas terhadap cahaya matahari.. Windpipe Salur Trakea Lung Paru-paru The roots respond to water. Akar bergerakbalas terhadap air. SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar Air Passage Peredaran Udara Nose Wind Pipe Hidung Trakea Lungs Paru-paru Moist Skin Kulit Lembab Lung Paru-paru SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 17 - - 18 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Animal Defense From extreme weather Wallowing In Mud Rhinoceroses Thick Fat In Tails – Kangaroo Rats Long Ears – Desert Fox Rest – Desert Animals Thick Layers Of Fat – Penguins Thick Furs - Polar Hump - Camels MENYIASAT ALAM KEHIDUPAN Year 5 Small Ears – Cold Region Animals Kangaroo Rat Camel Penguin How I Survived – Unit 3/Lesoon 2 Living in Extreme Danger SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 19 - - 20 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 1.1 Understanding that microorganism is a living things Memahami mikroorganisma adalah benda hidup Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 1.2 Understanding that some microorganism are harmful and some are useful Memahami beberapa mikroorganisma yang berbahaya dan berguna Some Organisms Are Harmful And Some Are Useful Beberapa mikoorganisma yang berbahaya dan berguna Microorganism Mikroorganisma Useful / berguna Bacteria Bakteria Fungi Kulat Protozua Protozoa Harmful / Berbahaya Virus Virus -Making food/ buat makanan (bread/tapai/tempe/yogurt) ( roti,tapai,tempe, yogurt ) Can cause Boleh -Making fertilizer/ baja -Making medcine/ ubat Characteristics Ciri.Ciri Breathe Bernafas Grow Membesar Move Bergerak Illness Sakit Cause the dough rise Menyebabkan adunan tepung menaik. Tiny Halus Disease Penyakit Washing hand Membasuh tangan Stomach upset Sakit perut Cough batuk Cannot see with naked eyes Tidak boleh dilihat dengan mata kasar • Rotten oranges/ limau busuk • Mouldy rice / Nasi berkulat SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar Food Poisoning Keracunan makanan Tooth decay Gigi mereput Food Stale Makanan basi Tooth Decay Gigi mereput Prevention Cara mencegah Conjunctivity Sakit mata Drink boiled water Minum air yang dimasak Covering mouth & nose when coughing & sneezing Menutup mulut dan hidung apabila batuk dan bersin SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 21 - - 22 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 2.1 Understanding that different animals have their own ways to ensure the survival of their species Memahami bahawa haiwan berlainan mempunyai cara sendiri untuk memastikan kemandirian spesisnya Examples animals that take care of their eggs and young. Contoh haiwan yang menjaga telur dan anak. bird, spider, fish,snake, burung,labah-labah,ikan,ular turtle, kangroo, elephant penyu,kanggaro,gajah Survival of Animal Species Kemandirian Spesies Haiwan Why animals take care of their eggs and young. Mengapa haiwan melindungi telur dan anaknya To ensure the survival of their species Memastikan kemandirian spesisnya. Importance Kepentingan Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria 2.2 Understanding that different plants have their own ways to ensure the survival of their species Memahami bahawa tumbuhan berlainan mempunyai cara sendiri untuk memastikan kemandirian spesisnya Agents of dispersal Agen HOW ANIMALS TAKE CARE OF THEIR EGGS AND YOUNG. Bagaimana haiwan menjaga telur dan anak mereka . Bird - Eggs with shell covering Burung – Telur disaluti oleh cangkerang Frog - Eggs are thick, slimy and having bad smell Katak – Telur tebal,berlendir dan berbau busuk Spider - kept in a bag underneath its body Labah-labah –simpan dalam beg di bawah badan Fish - keep their young in their mouths Ikan - Memasukkan anaknya ke dalam mulut Snake, Tiger - attack in order to protect their eggs Ular,harimau – menyerang untuk menyelamatkan telur Turtle - hide their eggs Penyu – Menyembunyikan telurnya Kangaroo - carry their young in their pouches Kanggaroo – Membawa anaknya di dalam kantung Elephant - stay in herds Gajah - Tinggal dalam kumpulan Shortage of food resource Sumber makanan berkurangan Mind Maps – Science Water Air Wind Angin Survival of Plant Species Kemandirian spesies tumbuhan Explosive mechanism Mekanisme letupan Special characteristic Ciri-ciri • Light / Ringan • Air Space in the fruits Ruang udara di dalam buah • Not water absorbent Air tidak boleh diserap • Coconut / kelapa • Water Lily / Kiambang • Light / Ringan • Small in size / saiz kecil • Winged / berkepak • Shorea • Angsana • Lalang • Dry when ripe Kering apabila masak • Explodes when mature Meletup apabila matang • Rubber fruit / buah getah • Balsam fruit / keembong • Lady’s finger/ kacang bendi Animal haiwan Animals and plants species may face extinction. Spesis haiwan dan tumbuhan akan mengalami kepupusan. SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar Examples Contoh ♣ Brightly coloured Warna yang terang ♣ Edible / Boleh dimakan ♣ Have smells / berbau ♣ Have hook bercangkuk • Rambutan • Mango/ mangga • Love grass / kemuncup SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 23 - - 24 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science All living things need food to survive.Green plant can make their own food. However animals cannot make their own make their own food. Semua benda hidup perlu makanan untuk hidup. Tumbuhan hijau boleh membuat makanan sendiri. Food Chain Rantai Makanan Green plant obtain energy from the sun to make food. Green Plant as a producer Tumbuhan hijau Memerlukan tenaga daripada Matahari untuk membuat makanan. Tumbuhan adalah pengeluar Consumer Pengguna Producer Pengeluar Classify animals Pengkelasan haiwan Herbivore : Animals that eat plants only. e.g.: cow, goat, deer Herbivor Haiwan makan tumbuhan sahaja Cth: lembu,kambing,rusa Carnivore: Animals that eat other animals. e.g.: tiger, lion Karnivor Haiwan yang makan haiwan lain Cth : harimau,singa Omnivore: Animals that eat plants and other animals Omnivor Haiwan makan tumbuhan dan haiwan lain. Mind Maps – Science 3.2 Synthesizing food chains to construct food web. Sintesis siratan makanan untuk membentuk rantai makanan 3.1 Understanding food chains Memahami rantai makanan Animals and the food they eat Haiwan dan makanannya Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Construct food chain Membina rantai makanan The food relationship among living things can be shown by a food chain. Hubungan antara makanan dan benda hidup ditunjukkan melalui rantai makanan Animals that eat plant or other animals are called consumers. Haiwan yang makan tumbuhan dipanggil pengguna. They will face difficulty to survive if the source of food runs out Mereka akan mengalami kesukaran jika sumber makanan kehabisan. What will happen If there is a change in population of a certain species in a food web Apa akan berlaku jika terdapat perubahan spesies dalam rantai makanan What will happento a certain species of animals if they eat only one type of food? Apa akan berlaku sebahagian spesis haiwan makan hanya satu jenis makanan sahaja? Food web of different habitats Siratan makanan daripada berlainan habitat. Synthesizing food chains to construct food web. Sintesis siratan makanan untuk membentuk rantai makanan paddy plant tanaman padi mice tikus caterpillar ulat beluncas birds burung eagles helang grasshoppers belalang A change in the population of a certain species will effect the population of other species Perubahan populasi beberapa haiwan memberi kesan kepada populasi haiwan lain. To construct food chain It must start with plant as a producer. Untuk membina rantai makanan ia bermula daripada tumbuhan sebagai pengeluar. snakes ular frogs katak Paddy field Sawah padi Food web Siratan makanan In a food chain the arrow means ‘eaten by’ Dalam rantai makanan anak panah bermaksud dimakan oleh caterpillar ulat beluncas spinach bayam grasshopper belalang snail siput bird burung frog katak snake ular eagle helang Garden Taman SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 25 - - 26 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science MICROORGANISMS MIKROORGANISMA Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mother Ali : Wow, that’s interesting. Tell me more, mother. (Wow, menariknya. Ceritalah lagi ibu.) Mother : Okay. Yeast is an example of microorganisms. Since Microorganism is a living things, it can breathe, grow and move. (Okay. Yis ialah satu contoh mikro organisma. Memandangkan mikro organisma Perkataan itu ialah “mikroorganisma”. Dia tidak faham dan terus bertanya kepada ibunya.) : Mother, what is a microorganism? (Ibu, apa itu mikro organisma?) Mother : Microorganism is tiny living things that can only be seen through a microscope. There are four types of microorganisms. (Mikro organisma adalah benda hidup yang sangat halus dan hanya boleh adalah benda hidup, ia boleh bernafas, membesar dan bergerak.) Ali : What are those? (Apa itu?) Mother : Bacteria, Protozoa, Fungi and Virus. (Bakteria, Protozoa, Fungus dan Virus.) Ali : What picture is that, mother? (Gambar apa tu, ibu?) Mother : It is Bacteria. It exists in different shapes, sizes and colours. (Itu ialah Bakteria. Ia wujud dalam berlainan bentu, saiz dan warna.) Ali : That picture is ) (Gambar itu Mother : Thank you, mother. (Terima kasih, ibu.) dilihat melalui mikroskop. Terdapat empat jenis mikro organisma.) Ali : It is a virus. Virus is the tiniest microorganism. (Itu ialah Virus. Virus ialah mikro organisma yang paling halus.) One day, while reading a book, Ali comes across one word. The word is “microorganisms”. He doesn’t understand what it is and he ask his mother immediately. (Suatu hari, semasa Ali sedang membaca buku, dia terbaca satu perkataan. Ali Mind Maps – Science : It is Protozoa. Most of it are found mainly in ponds, lakes and rivers. (Itu ialah Protozoa. Kebanyakkan daripadanya dijumpai di kolam, tasik dan sungai.) Ali : That must be Fungi. Right, mother? (Itu pasti fungus. Betul tak, ibu?) Mother : Yes, it is. I know you have seen it many time on mouldy bread, rotten food, trees and forest floors. (Ya. Ibu tahu kamu selalu lihatnya di atas roti yang berkulat, buah yang reput, pokok-pokok dan lantai hutan.) Ali : And this picture, mother? (Dan gambar itu, ibu?) SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 27 - - 28 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Making tempe Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science ANIMAL SURVIVAL KEMANDIRIAN HAIWAN Making tapai Membuat tempe Membuat tapai USEFUL Bird Burung KEBAIKAN Frog Katak Making yogurt Penguin Penguin Membuat yogurt Making cheese Membuat keju Snake Ular Produce antibiotic Form fertilizer Menghasilkan antibiotic Membuat baja We take care of our eggs Kami menjaga telur kami Sea horse Kuda laut THE USEFUL AND THE HARMFUL OF MICROORGANISMS KEBAIKAN DAN KEBURUKAN MIKROORGANISMA Crocodile Buaya Cockroach Lipas Tooth decay Kerosakan gigi Food poisoning Flu Keracunan makanan Selsema Dolphin Ikan lumba Bat Kelawar Elephant Gajah Kangaroo Kangaroo HARMFUL Keburukan Mumps Measles Beguk Cow Lembu Cacar Conjunctivitis Sakit mata We take care of our youngs Kami menjaga anak kami Tiger Harimau Chicken pox Campak SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 29 - - 30 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria PLANT SURVIVAL KEMANDIRIAN TUMBUHAN Mind Maps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Mangga Mango AGENT EXAMPLE CHARACTERISTICS AGEN CONTOH CIRI-CIRI Watermelon Lotus Teratai Coconut Kelapa We dispersed by water because we are light, covered with waxy skin, waterproof, has air spaces and has spongy receptacles. Tembikai We dispersed by animal because we have brightly colour, fleshy, edible and have smells. Our seed is also hard. Kami dipencarkan oleh haiwan kerana kami mempunyai warna yang terang, berisi, boleh dimakan dan mempunyai bau. Biji benih kami juga keras. ANIMAL HAIWAN Pong-pong Pong-pong Kami dipencarkan melalui air kerana kami ringan, diselaputi dengan kulit yang berlilin, kalis air dan mempunyai rongga yang berspan. Mimosa Semalu WATER AIR Lovegrass Kemucup Shorea We are also dispersed by animal because have hooks that can be attached to animals. Kami juga dipencarkan oelah haiwan kerana kami mempunyai cangkuk yang boleh melekat kepada haiwan Meranti Lallang Lallang We dispersed by wind because we are small, light, dry, have wing-like structure, have hairs and fine hairs. Therefore it is easily carried by wind. Flame of forest Semarak api Balsam Keembung Angsana Angsana Kami dipercarkan melalui angina kerena kami kecil, ringan, kering, mempunyai struktur seperti sayap, ada bulu yang halus. Sebeb itu kami senang dibawa pergi oleh angin. Okra Bendi Rubber seed Biji getah Cotton Kapas We dispersed by explosive mechanism because we dry up when we ripe and burst to push the seeds out from the fruits. Kami dipencarkan melalui mekanisma letupan kerana buah kami menjadi kering apabila masak ranum dan seterusnya meletup dan biji benih kami terpelanting keluar. Explosive Mechanism WIND ANGIN SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 31 - - 32 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science FOOD CHAIN AND FOOD WEB RANTAI MAKANAN DAN JARINGAN MAKANAN bottom trees sun grass chain bawah pokok matahari rumput rantai Plants such as grass and trees are at the bottom of the food chain. Plants get their energy from the sun. Tumbuhan seperti rumput dan pokok adalah di bahagian bawah rantai makanan. Tumbuhan mendapat tenaga daripada matahari. deer herbivores rabbits carnivores rusa herbivor arnab karnivor Animals such as deer and rabbits get their energy by eating plants. They are called herbivores, which means 'plant eaters.' There are many more herbivores on our planet than carnivores, which are animals that eat meat. Haiwan seperti rusa dan arnab mendapat tenaga dengan memakan tumbuh-tumbuhan. Mereka dikenali sebagai herbivor, yang bermaksud ‘makan tumbuhan.’ Terdapat banyak herbivor daripada karnivor iaitu haiwan yang makan daging di planet kita predators hunt prey top memburu mangsa atas Year 6 lions pemangsa MENYIASAT ALAM KEHIDUPAN singa Predators such as wolves and lions are at the top of the food chain. Predators are animals that hunt other animals. The animals that they hunt are called prey. Some animals are both predator and prey. Pemangsa seperti serigala dan singa adalah di bahagian atas rantai makanan. Pemangsa adalah haiwan yang memburu haiwan lain. Haiwan yang diburu dikenali sebagai mangsa. Sesetengah haiwan adalah kedua-duanya; pemangsa dan mangsa. connected energy web more berhubung tenaga jaringan lebih Most animals belong to more than one food chain, which means many food chains are connected together. Many food chains together form a food web. The food web shows how the sun's energy moves from plants to animals to animals. Kebanyakan haiwan mempunyai lebih daripada satu rantai makanan, iaitu banyak rantai makanan dihubung bersama. Rantai makanan berhubung bersama membentuk jaringan makanan. Jaringan makanan menunjukkan bagaimana matahari memindahkan tenaganya kepada tumbuhan dan seterusnya daripada tumbuhan kepada haiwan. SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 33 - - 34 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 1.1 Understanding that some animals live in group and others live in solitary Memahami bahawa sesetengah haiwan hidup berkumpulan dan selebihnya bersendirian Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 1.2 Understanding that competition is a form of interaction among living things Memahami bahawa persaingan membentuk interaksi antara benda hidup INTERACTION AMONG LIVING THINGS Interaksi antara benda hidup Interaction among living things Interaksi antara benda hidup Competition Persaingan Group animals and solitary animals Haiwan berkumpulan dan haiwan Tigers, bears Harimau, beruang To avoid competition for food and space Untuk hindari persaingan mendapatkan makanan dan ruang Among plants Antara tumbuhan Compete for Bersaing untuk Solitary Bersendirian Among animals Antara haiwan Compete for Bersaing untuk Group Berkumpulan For safety and food Untuk keselamatan dan makanan Food Makanan Water Air Shelter Tempat Ants, lions Semut, singa Mate Pasangan Water Air Space / territory Ruang / kawasan Space Ruang Sunlight Cahaya Mineral Mineral Type Jenis Intraspecies Intraspesis Competition between the same species Persaingan di antara spesis yang sama SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar Interspecies Interpesis Competition between the different species Persaingan di antara spesis yang berbeza SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 35 - - 36 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 1.3 Understanding the responbility of human beings in protecting endangered species Memahami tanggungjawab manusia untuk melindungi spesis yang terancam Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 1.4 Knowing the impact of human activities on environment Memaham kesan daripada aktiviti manusia ke atas alam sekitar Interaction among living things Interaksi antara benda hidup Interaction among living things Interaksi antara benda hidup Impact of human activities Kesan daripada aktiviti manusia Protecting endangered species Melindungi spesis yang terancam Ways to prevent Cara untuk mencegah Extinct animals Haiwan pupus Campaign Kempen Dinosours, dodos Dinosur, dodo Endangered animals and plants Haiwan dan tumbuhan yang terancam Orang utan, tiger, Raflesia, pitcher plant Orang utan, harimau, bunga pakma,pokok periuk kera Destructions of the environment Kemusnahan alam sekitar Enforcing law Kuat kuasa undangundang Illegal or excessive logging Pembalakan haram atau berleluasa Illegal and excessive logging Pembalakan haram dan berleluasa Erosion Hakisan Illegal and excessive hunting Pemburuan haram dan berleluasa Flash floods Banjir kilat Improper management of development Kelemahan pengurusan pembangunan Educating the public Mendidik orang awam Factors Faktor Activities Aktiviti Air pollution Pencemaran udara Landslides Runtuhan Water pollution Pencemaran air Hunting Pemburuan Development Pembangunan SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 37 - - 38 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 1.1 Understanding the measurement of length Memahami ukuran panjang 1.3 Volume Isipadu 1.2 Area Luas 1.1 Length Panjang MENYIASAT DAYA DAN TENAGA Year 4 SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar 1.3 Solid Pepejal 1.4 Liquid Cecair 1.5 Mass Berat Measurement Ukuran 1.7 Standard units Unit seragam 1.6 Time Masa SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 39 - - 40 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Mind Maps – Science 1.2 Understanding how to calculate area Memahami cara mengira luas 1.1 Understanding the measurement of length Memahami ukuran panjang Measuring tape Pita pengukur 1.2 Area Luas Arm span Depa String Tali Terminology Istilah Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Cubit Hasta Ways to measure Cara menyukat -The distance between -Square millimetre (mm2) Milimeter persegi (mm²) -Area is the amount of Ruler Pembaris two points/ place / position Jarak di antara dua titik/tempat/kedudukan Length Panjang Standard unit Unit piawai Terminology Istilah -Square centimetre (cm2) space taken up by the surface of an object. Luas ialah jumlah ruang yang dipenuhi pada permukaan sesuatu objek Sentimeter persegi (sm²) -Square metre (m2) Meter persegi (m²) -Square kilometre (km2) Kilometer persegi (km²) Different ways to measure area Berbeza cara untuk menyukat luas Standard Tools Alat seragam Correct technique Teknik yang betul - by placing uniform objects -The eye must be Measuring tape Pita pengukur directly above the end of object Mata mesti tepat pada bahagian bawah hujung benda Ruler Pembaris such as tiles, books and stamps on the surface of the objects dengan meletakkan objek seperti jubin, buku dan setem pada permukaan objek -Using formula Guna rumus 2c m Unit Unit -Using square card with a mm mm cm sm m m km km sides of 1 centimetre Menggunakan kad segi empat dengan tepinya 1 sentimeter 4c m Area = length X width Luas = panjang X lebar = 4cm X 2 cm = 8cm2 3cm 1cm 3cm SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar 1cm SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 41 - - 42 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 1.2/1.3 Understanding how measure the volume of solid and liquid Memahami cara mengira isipadu pepejal dan cecair The amount of space that something takes up Jumlah ruang yang dipenuhi oleh sesuatu Length x width x height Panjang x lebar x tinggi Terminology Istilah Standard Units Unit seragam Mind Maps – Science 1.5 Understanding how measure mass Memahami cara menyukat berat Measuring cylinder Silinder penyukat Terminology Istilah Correct technique Teknik yang betul -Amount of matter in an object Jumlah benda dalam objek Tools Alat Mass Berat Formula Rumus 1.3 Solid Pepejal Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Electronic balance Neraca elektronik Volume Isipadu 1.4 Liquid Cecair Tools Alat Standard Units Unit piawai Correct technique Teknik yang betul Lever balance Neraca tuas Beam balance Neraca palang ml, l ml, l mm³, cm³, m³ mm³, sm³, m³ Bathroom scale Penimbang berat badan Standard unit Unit piawai Mg mg g g kg kg Kitchen scale Penimbang dapur a) taking the reading at the lowest part of the meniscus. mengambil bacaan pada bahagian paling rendah pada meniskus b) eyes must be at the same level as the lowest part of the meniscus mata mesti sama pada aras paling rendah pada meniskus SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 43 - - 44 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Mind Maps – Science 1.7 Realising importance of using standard units Menyedari kepentingan menggunakan unit yang piawai 1.6 Understanding how to measure time Memahami cara mengukur masa Standard unit Unit piawai Time Masa Terminology Istilah Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria - Second , minute , hour Saat, minit, jam The Importance of Standard Units Kepentingan unit yang piawai -Duration between two event Tempoh antara dua ketika -for accuracy and consistency Process that repeats uniformly can be used to measure time Proses yang berulang secara sekata boleh digunakan untuk menyukat masa Old clock Jam lama -easy to communicate and understanding untuk tepat dan konsisten Tool Alatan Way to measure Cara untuk mengukur mudah untuk memahami dan berkomunikasi -Digital clock, watch, wrist watch Jam digital, jam, jam tangan Events can be used measuring time Kejadian boleh digunakan untuk menyukat masa -Sundial , sand clock , candle clock -Jam bayang, jam pasir, jam lilin -swinging pendulum ayunan bandul -pulse rate candle denyutan nadi -water dripping titisan air -changing day and night perubahan siang dan malam SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 45 - - 46 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science THE STORY OF TIME Unit 4/Lesson 1 CERITA TE TA G MASA Measuring Length/Mass Defense Of Plants Galileo Galilei was the first person to use events that repeat uniformly to measure time such as the pendulum clock. From then onwards, the wall clock and modern clock were invented. Galileo Galilei merupakan orang pertama menggunakan peristiwa yang berulang secara seragam untuk mengukur masa seperti jam bandul. Daripada situ, jam dinding dan jam moden telah dicipta. MENYIASAT DAYA DAN TENAGA Year 5 Sand Clock Sundial Clock Candle Clock Ancient Clocks Wall clock Stop Watch Watch Modern Clock SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar Unit 4/Lesson 6 Measuring Time SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 47 - - 48 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science INVESTIGATING FORCE AND ENERGY Menyiasat Daya dan Tenaga - by living things to carry Light energy Tenaga Cahaya - to move, boil, melt, Kinetic energy Tenaga Kinetik - menggerakkan ,didih,cair atau melantun benda bukan hidup Heat energy Tenaga Haba Chemical energy Tenaga Kimia Form of energy Bentuk Tenaga Sun Matahari Sound energy Tenaga bunyi The Uses of Energy Kegunaan Tenaga -main source of energy sumber utama tenaga - produces light and heat menghasilkan cahaya dan haba The Sources of Energy Sumber-sumber Tenaga Potential energy Tenaga Keupayaan Energy can be transformed from one form to another Tenaga boleh berubah dari satu bentuk kepada bentuk lain. Energy can be transformed Tenaga boleh diubahkan Example of appliance that make use of energy transformation. Contoh alatan yang menggunakan perubahan tenaga Food makanan - moving or falling water produce energy -Air yang bergerak Menghasilkan tenaga Electrical energy Tenaga Elektrik or bounce non-living things Why energy is needed? Mengapa tenaga diperlukan ENERGY TENAGA Water air Mind Maps – Science 1.2 Understanding that energy can be transformed from one form to another Memahami bahawa tenaga boleh berubah dari satu bentuk ke bentuk yang lain 1.1 Understanding the uses of energy Menyedari kegunaan tenaga out life processes. Ex : moving, breathing, growing bergerak,bernafas membesar Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Batteries Bateri Fuell Bahan api Wind Angin a) lighting a candle/Nyalaan lilin Chemical energy heat energy + light energy Tenaga kimia Tenaga haba + Tenaga Cahaya -food contains stored energy b) Kicking a ball / Menendang bola Chemical energy kinetic energy Tenaga kimia Tenaga Kinetik -mengadungi tenaga tersimpan - Device that generated electrical energyfrom chemical energy -Alat yang menghasilkan tenaga elektrik daripada tenaga kimia -wood, coal, petroleum, natural gas -Kayu, petrol,gas asli heat energy Tenaga haba a) Electric iron / Seterika elektrik Electrical energy heat energy Tenaga elektrik Tenaga haba - Moving air Udara bergerak -Used to pump water Mengepam air, b) Radio Electrical energy Tenaga elektrik c) Television Electrical energy Tenaga elektrik SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar sound energy Tenaga bunyi sound energy + light energy Tenaga bunyi + tenaga cahaya SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 49 - - 50 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 1.3 Understanding renewable anad renewable energy Memahami tenaga yang boleh diperbaharui dan tidak boleh diperbaharui Energy that cannot be replaced Tenaga yang tidak boleh diganti Resources -natural gas,petroleum,coal Sumber – gas asli, petroleum, arang. Mind Maps – Science 2.1 Knowing the sources of electricity Mengetahui sumber elektrik Resources – solar, wind ,biomass fuel,water Sumber- Matahari, angin,minyak,air, biomass Energy that be replenished when it is used up Tenaga yang boleh diganti Non-renewable energy Tenaga yang tidak boleh diperbaharui Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Sources Sumber Dry cell Sel Kering Renewable energy Tenaga yang boleh diperbaharui Accumulator Sel Basah Dynamo Dinamo Solar cell Tenaga Solar Renewable and Non-renewable Energy Tenaga yang boleh diperbaharui dan Tidak boleh diperbaharui Some energy resources cannot be replenished when used up. Sesetengah sumber tenaga tidak boleh diganti bila habis Use energy wisely Gunakan tenaga dengan bijak Avoid wastage Mengelakkan pembaziran Reduce pollution Mengurangkan pencemaran. How to save energy Bagaimana menjimatkan tenaga Turn off the television when no one watching it. Tutup TV jika tidak menonton. Switch off the lights if not in use. Tutup lampu jika tidak mengunakannya. To save cost Menjimatkan kos SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 51 - - 52 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria 2.3 Understanding the safety precautions to be taken when handling electricl appliances Memahami langkah pencegahan yang perlu diambil semasa menggunakan peralatan elektrik 2.2 Understanding a series circuit and a parallel circuit Memahami litar bersiri dan litar selari Type of circuit Jenis litar Precautions Langkah keselamatan Parallel circuit litar selari Series circuit litar bersiri Symbol and component Simbol dan komponen Name Nama Differences Perbezaan The bulb in the parallel circuit is brighter then the bulb in the series circuit Mentol dalam litar selari lebih terang daripada mentol dalam litar bersiri Mind Maps – Science Symbol Simbol Dry cell Sel Kering Connecting wire Wayar penyambung Danger of mishandling electrical appliances Bahaya kecuaian mengendali peralatan elektrik Burn Bakar Fire Api Safety precautions to be taken when using appliances Langkah-langkah keselamatan ketika mengunakan peralatan Electric shock Kejutan elektrik Electrocution Renjatan elektrik Do not touch electrical appliances with wet hand Jangan sentuh alatan elektrik dengan tangan basah Switch / Suis Bulb / Mentol Do not repair electrical appliances on your own Jangan baiki alatan elektrik jika tidak tahu. SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 53 - - 54 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 3.1 Understanding that light travels in a straight line Memahami bahawa cahaya bergerak dalam satu garis lurus Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 3.2 Understanding that light can be reflected Memahami cahaya boleh dipantulkan Light Cahaya Light Cahaya How shadow is formed Bagaimana bayang-bayang terbentuk Travels in straight line Cahaya bergerak dalam satu garis lurus When light is completely or partially blocked by an opaque object Bila cahaya disekat sepenuhnya atau separuh oleh objek legap prove bukti search light from helicopter cahaya dari helikopter pencari Periscope Kaleidoscope Side mirror of a car Cermin sisi kereta Opaque object Objek legap the beam of light from motorcycle alur cahaya dari motosikal the beam of light from lighthouse alur cahaya dari rumah api Uses of reflection Kegunaan pantulan Can be reflected Boleh dipantulkan How ? Bagaimana? The light that falls on objects ‘bounces off’ the objects and comes to your eyes Cahaya yang jatuh ke atas objek melantunkannya ke dalam mata mirror/ cermin Light Cahaya Shadow form Objek terbentuk the ray of Sun,passing through a hole in the roof alur cahaya Matahari melalui lubang atap rumah SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 55 - - 56 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 4.1 Understanding that temperature in an indicator of degree of hotness Memahami bahawa suhu adalah penunjuk darjah kepanasan The effects of heat on matter Kesan haba ke atas bahan Matter expands when heated Bahan mengembang bila dipanaskan SOURCES OF ENERGY Warmer panas Loss Hilang Heat haba Gain Ditambah Cooler Sejuk PUNCA-PUNCA TENAGA How to measure temperature using the correct technique Bagaimana untuk mengukur suhu menggunakan cara yang betul SUN WIND DRY CELL FUELS FOOD Matahari Angin Sel kering Bahan bakar Makanan Matter contract when cooled Bahan mengecut bila sejuk FORMS OF ENERGY BENTUK-BENTUK TENAGA Chemical energy Tenaga kimia light energy + tenaga cahaya heat energy tenaga haba Electrical energy light energy Tenaga elektrik tenaga cahaya Electrical energy heat energy Tenaga elektrik tenaga haba Electrical energy Thermometer termometer Tenaga elektrik Electrical energy Tenaga elektrik SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar sound energy tenaga bunyi kinetic energy tenaga kinetic SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 57 - - 58 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science LIGHT CAHAYA ELECTRICITY ELEKTRIK ( Song : This old man) Light oh light Light travels Light travels in a straight line Light travels in a straight line Therefore it can form shadow PUNCA-PUNCA ELEKTRIK Cahaya oh cahaya Cahaya boleh gerak Cahaya bergerak lurus Cahaya bergerak lurus Ia membentuk bayang Light oh light Light reflects Light can be reflected Light can be reflected Can see image in mirror SOURCES OF ELECTRICITY Cahaya oh cahaya Cahaya boleh pantul Cahaya boleh dipantulkan Cahaya boleh dipantulkan Boleh lihat dicermin DRY CELL ACCUMULATOR Sel kering DYNAMO SOLAR CELL Dynamo HYDROELECTRIC Sel solar Hidroelekrik PARALLEL CIRCUIT LITAR SELARI SERIES CIRCUIT LITAR SESIRI SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 59 - - 60 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 1.1 Understanding that push and pull are forces Memahami bahawa tolak dan tarik adalah daya INVESTIGATING FORCE AND ENERGY MENYIASAT DAYA DAN TENAGA FORCE DAYA Concept Konsep A push or a pull Tolak atau tarik Cannot be seen but the effects can be felt Tidak boleh dilihat tetapi boleh dirasa 1.2 Understanding the effect of a force Memahami kesan daya Effects Kesan Can move a stationary object Boleh gerakkan objek yang pegun MENYIASAT DAYA DAN TENAGA Changes the motion of an object Mengubah pergerakan objek Year 6 Changes the shapes of an object Mengubah bentuk objek An object become squeezed, stretched, bent, twisted or squashed Objek menjadi kemek, regang, bengkok,berpintal atau penyek Stops a moving object Memberhentikan objek yang bergerak Changes the direction of a moving object Mengubah arah pergerakan objek yang bergerak Makes an object move faster or slower Menggerakkan objek lebih cepat atau perlahan SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 61 - - 62 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 2.1 Understanding speed Memahami laju 1.3 Analysing friction Analisa geseran Movement Pergerakkan FRICTION GESERAN Speed Laju Effects of friction Kesan geseran Factors that affect friction Faktor yang menyebabkan geseran Produces heat Hasilkan haba Opposes motion Berlawanan gerakan Causes wear and tear Menyebabkan haus dan koyak Slows down and stops a moving object Memperlahankan dan memberhentikan objek yang bergerak Condition of the surface Keadaan permukaan Weight of the object Berat objek Disadvantages Kekurangan Calculation of speed Pengiraan laju Ways to reduce friction Cara kurangkan geseran How fast an object moves Berapa laju objek bergerak Use rollers or marbles Guna penggelek atau guli Smoothen surfaces Permukaan licin Use oil, wax, grease, talcum powder, air cushion Guna minyak, pelicin, gris, A faster object travels a longer distance in a given time Objek yang lebih laju melalui jarak yang lebih panjang mengikut masa yang diberi A faster object takes a shorter time to travel a given distance Objek yang laju mengambil masa yang singkat untuk melalui jarak yang diberi Speed = Distance Time Laju = Jarak Masa Units : ● km/h km/j ● m/s m/s ● cm/s sm/s Advantages Kelebihan SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar Formula : Rumus SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 63 - - 64 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 1.1 The properties of materials Sifat bahan metal logam carbon karbon Conduct electricity Mengalirkan elektrik glass kaca plastics plastik Light to pass through Cahaya boleh melaluinya wood kayu Insulator Penebat Properties of materials Sifat bahan Float on water Terapung atas air MENYIASAT ALAM BAHAN Year 4 Sink in water Tenggelam dalam air wood kayu stone batu SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar Can be stretch Boleh diregangkan rubber ring gelang getah Conduct heat Mengalirkan haba metal logam SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 65 - - 66 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 1.2 Applying knowledge properties of materials in everyday life Aplikasi pengetahuan sifat bahan dalam kehidupan seharian Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria 1.3 Synthesising the knowledge about uses of materials based on their properties Sintesis pengetahuan mengenai penggunaan bahan berdasarkan kandungan Applying knowledge properties of materials in everyday life Aplikasi pengetahuan sifat bahan dalam kehidupan seharian Suggest ways to keep things hot Cadangan untuk menyimpan benda panas Mind Maps – Science Uses of materials based on their properties Penggunaan bahan berdasarkan kandungan Suggest ways to keep things cold Cadangan untuk menyimpan benda sejuk List of object and materials that they are made of Senarai objek dan bahan yang dibuat daripada Covered with insulators Balut dengan bahan penebat object objek to prevent heat loss untuk menghalang kehilangan haba spoon sudu prevent from absorbing heat halang daripada serap haba SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar metal logam hard keras wood kayu soft lembut glasses gelas cold thing benda sejuk properties sifat tissue tisu hot thing benda panas materials bahan glass kaca Reason why particular materials are used to make an object Keterangan mengapa bahan tertentu digunakan untuk membuat objek transparent lutsinar cheap murah strength kuat easy to get senang didapati good quality kualiti baik SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 67 - - 68 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 1.4 Knowing the importance of reuse, reduce and recycle Memahami kepentingan guna semula, pengurangan dan kitar semula bahan 1.5 Understanding that some materials can rust Memahami sesetengah bahan boleh perkarat The importance of reuse, reduce and recycle of materials Kepentingan guna semula, pengurangan dan kitar semula bahan wood kayu cotton kapas Natural materials Bahan semulajadi metal logam rubber getah plastics plastik glass kaca Rusting can be prevented Pengaratan boleh dicegah synthetic cloth kain sintetik public transport pengangkutan awam reusing guna semula plastic bag beg plastik Coating with non rusting materials Menyadurkan dengan bahan tidak berkarat *paint cat *oil recycling kitar semula bottle botol The necessary to prevent rusting Keperluan mencegah pengaratan Man-made materials Bahan buatan State that man-made materials comes from natural materials Nyatakan bahan buatan berasal dari bahan semulajadi reducing mengurangkan Different ways to prevent objects from rusting Cara berbeza untuk menghalang objek daripada berkarat plastics plastik *Everlasting Live Tahan lebih lama *Save natural material Selamatkan bahan asal *Save cost Jimat kos *Looking good Mencantikkan *Conclusion; Rusting can be avoided by preventing iron contact with air and water. * Kesimpulan;Pengaratan boleh dihindarkan dengan menghalang ia bertindak balas dengan air dan udara glass kaca SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 69 - - 70 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science MATERIALS AROU D YOU 1.6 Understanding the rusting can be prevented Memahami pengaratan boleh dicegah Rusting can be prevented Pengaratan boleh dicegah MATERIALS Rusty objects Object made of iron and steel Objek yang diperbuat daripada besi *Nail Paku *Spoon Sudu *Knife Pisau Non rusty objects Objek tidak berkarat Object made of glass, plastic, wood, clay and silk Objek yang diperbuat daripada kaca,plastik, kayu, tanah liat dan sutera WOOD COTTON METAL GLASS RUBBER PLASTIC *Glass Kaca *Bottle Botol *Cup Cawan -The Properties Of Materials- -Floats on water -Insulator -Terapung di atas air -Penebat SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar -Can absorbs water -Insulator -Boleh menyerap air -Penebat -Conducts electricity -Conducts heat -Conductor -Mengalirkan elektrik -Mengalirkan haba -Konduktor -Allow light to pass through them -Insulator Membenar kan cahaya menembusi nya -Penebat -Can be stretched -Insulator -Insulator -Boleh diregang -Penebat -Penebat SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 71 - - 72 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Opaque, Translucent and Tranparent Mind Maps – Science ATURAL A D MA MADE BAHA SEMULAJADI DA BUATA MA USIA Legap, Lutsinar dan Lutcahaya I can’t see you. Saya tak nampak awak. Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Wood Door (opaque) METAL LOGAM RUBBER GETAH SILK SUTERA GLASS KACA NATURAL MADE MATERIALS LEATHER KULIT I can see you but not clear. Saya nampak awak tapi kurang jelas. Glass Door (Translucent) WOOD KAYU RAYON RAYON I can see you clearly. Saya nampak awak dengan jelas. BAHA SEMULAJADI MAN-MADE MATERIALS CLAY TANAH LIAT FUR BULU SYNTHETC CLOTH KAIN SINTETIK BAHA BUATA MA USIA Clear glass Door (Transparent) PLASTIC PLASTIK SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar COTTON KAPAS NYLON NILON SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 73 - - 74 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Unit 5/Lesson7 Natural and Man made Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 1.1 Matter exist in the form of solid, liquid or gas Bahan wujud dalam bentuk pepejal,cecair atau gas Water Air Wood Kayu Milk Susu Air Udara Liquid Cecair Solid Pepejal Stone batu gas Steam wap Examples Contoh Matter Bahan Properties of solid Sifat-sifat pepejal has mass mempunyai berat MENYIASAT ALAM BAHAN Year 5 Properties of liquid Sifat –sifat cecair fixed shape bentuk tetap has mass Mempunyai berat fixed volume isipadu tetap has mass mempunyai berat fixed volume isipadu tetap no permanent shape bentuk tidak tetap SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar Properties of gas Sifat-sifat gas can't fixed shape Tidak mempunyai bentuk tetap Can't fixed volume Isipadu tidak tetap can compressed boleh dimampatkan SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 75 - - 76 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 1.2 Understanding that matter can change from one state to another Memahami bahawa benda boleh berubah bentuk dari satu ke bentuk yang lain solid – liquid Pepejal - cecair Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria 1.3 Understanding the water cycle Memahami kitaran air The water cycle. Kitaran air Melting Peleburan Importance of water Kepentingan air. Boiling Pendidihan liquid – gas Cecair - gas CHANGING STATES OF WATER Perubahan Bentuk Air Condensation Kondensasi Evaporation Penyejatan Circulation of water in the environment. Kitaran air dalam persekitaran Gas → liquid (Condensation) Gas Cecair ( Kondensasi ) Condensation Kondensasi liquid – gas cecair - gas Formation of clouds and rain. Pembentukan awan dan hujan Changes in the states of matter in the water cycle Perubahan bentuk bahan dalam kitaran air Evaporation Penyejatan gas – liquid gas - cecair Mind Maps – Science Freezing Pembekuan Liquid to gas (evaporation) Cecair kepada gas ( Penyejatan ) SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar Droplets of water will become bigger and heavier → rain Titisan air menjadi besar dan berat hujan SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 77 - - 78 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 1.4 Appreciating the importance of water resources Menghargai kepentingan sumber air Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 2.1 Understanding the properties of acidic, alkaline and neutral substances Memahami sifat asid, alkali dan bahan neutral The properties of acid, alkaline and neutral substances. Ciri-ciri asid , alkali dan bahan nutral To prevent living aquatic from being destroyed and undergoing extinction Untuk mengelakkan hidupan air musnah dan mengalami kepupusan To avoid infected diseases Mengelakkan penyakit berjangkit To regulate the formation of clouds and rain Untuk mengekalkan pembentukan awan dan hujan Reasons to keep our water resources clean. Sebab untuk mengekalkan sumber air yang bersih To ensure the cleanliness of water supply Memastikan air yang bersih dibekalkan Changes in colour of litmus papers Menukarkan warna kertas litmus blue to red biru ke merah Importance of water resources. Kepentingan sumber air red to blue merah ke biru Alkaline alkali Acid asid Ways to keep our water resources clean Cara mengekalkan sumber air bersih Keep the rivers clean Jadikan sungai besih Identify acidic, alkaline and neutral substances using litmus paper. Mengenal pasti keasidan,alkali dan nutral bahan menggunakan kertas litmus Cleanliness campaign Kempen kebersihan no change tidak berubah Conclude the properties of acidic, alkaline and neutral substances. Kesimpulan ciri-ciri bahan asid, alkali dan neutral . Properties of alkali Ciri-ciri alkali Taste bitter & change red litmus paper to blue Rasa pahit dan menukarkan Kertas litmus merah kepada biru neutral neutral SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar Identify the taste of acidic and alkaline food. Mengenal pasti rasa makanan yang berasid dan berakali Bitter Pahit Properties of neutral substances Ciri-ciri bahan neutral Sour masam Properties of acid Ciri-ciri asid Other tastes – no changes in litmus paper Tidak menukarkan warna kertas litmus Taste sour & change blue litmus paper red Rasa masam dan menukarkan kertas litmus merah SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 79 - - 80 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science I am a droplet of water. Saya setitis air STATE OF MATTER KEADAAN BAHAN Solid Ali is eating an ice cream. After a while, the ice cream melt. Melting process changes solid to liquid. Ali sedang makan ais krim. Selepas beberapa ketika, ais krim itu menjadi cair. Proses pencairan menukarkan pepejal kepada cecair. Liquid Abu feels like to drink cold water. He need some ice cubes. He put water in the freezer. Freezing turn solid to solid. Abu ingin minum air sejuk. Dia perlukan ais batu. Dia masukkan air ke dalam peti sejuk. Proses pembekuan menukarkan cecair kepada pepejal. Ah Seng forget to drink his ice lemon tea because his mother as him to go to the shop. When he went back, he saw many water droplets on the glass. Condensation turn gas to liquid. Ah Seng terlupa untuk minum airnya kerana ibunya menyuruhnya ke kedai. Setelah pulan, dia dapati banyak titisan air di luar gelas. Kondensasi menukarkan gas kepada cecair. Upin’s mother wants to boil some water. She knows that the water is boiling because it produces steam or water vapour. Boiling changes liquid to gas. Ouch! Where I am. Wow! It is big. Opss! Mmm cold and fresh. Where am I? Oh, I see, this is a sea my new place. I came from river. Ouch! Di mana saya. Wow! Besarnya. Opss! Mmm sejuk dan segar. Di mana saya? Oh, saya tahu, saya di laut tempat baru untuk saya. Saya datang dari sungai. Arghh! Hot, very hot Oh no! I’m moving up. What happen??? It is very hot. The sun makes me very hot. It evaporate me to the sky. Evaporation change me as a water vapour. Arghh! Panasnya, sangat panas Tidak! Saya sedang bergerak ke atas. Apa dah jadi nih??? Sangat panas. Matahari membuatkan saya panas. Ia menyejat saya ke langit. Penyejatan menukarkan saya menjadi wap air. Oh no! I’m shivering. It cold now. The condensation process turn me into water droplet. Wow! There are many droplets like me. Hey! Lets join together. Lets form cloud. Ahh it is better now. Oh no! Saya sedang menggigil. Ia sejuk sekarang. Proses kondensasi menukar saya menjadi titisan air. Wow! Banyaknya tiisan air macam saya. Hey! Jom bergabung. Jom bentuk awan. Ahh leganya dah jadi awan. Opss! I’m heavy now. Let me out. Ahh! I’m out now as rain. Ouch! I fall down into the river again. My home sweet home. Yea! Opss! Saya semakin berat sekarang. Saya nak keluar. Ahh! Saya dah keluar sebagai hujan sekarang. Ouch! Saya jatuh kembali kedalam sungai. Rumah saya yang dirindui. Yea! Ibu Upin ingin menjerang air. Dia tahu bahawa air itu sudah mendidih kerana terhasilnya wap air atau stim. Pendidihan menukarkan cecair kepada gas. Ipin’s mother hangs clothe on the cloth line. After a while, the cloth dries. This is because evaporation process occurs. Evaporation turn liquid to gas. Ibu Upin menjemur kain di ampaian. SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 81 - - 82 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Fill in the missing letters. Lengkapkan perkataan dengan huruf yang betul. C _ _ d _ _s _ _ i o _ C____ E_a___a___n MENYIASAT ALAM BAHAN R_v__ Year 6 S __ _ SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 83 - - 84 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 1.1 Understanding food spoilage Memahami kerosakan makanan Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria 1.2 Synthesising the concept of food preservation Sintesis konsep pengawetan makanan Drying Pengeringan FOOD PRESERVATION Pengawetan makanan Boiling Pemanasan Food spoilage Kerosakan makanan Characteristics of spoilt food Ciri-ciri makanan yang rosak Mind Maps – Science Fish, prawns, cuttlefish, fruits Ikan, udang, sotong, buah Meat ,fish, vegetables daging, ikan, sayur Cooling Pendinginan The conditions for microorganisms to grow Keadaan untuk mikroorganisma membesar Vegetables, fruits Sayur, buah Unpleasant smell Bau tidak menyenangkan Air Udara Pickling Penjerukan Fruits, vegetables Buah, sayur Unpleasant taste Rasa tidak menyenangkan Water Air Freezing Penyejukbekuan Chicken, meat, prawns, cuttlefish Ayam, daging, udang, sotong Changed colour Berubah warna Nutrients Zat makanan Pasteurising Pempausteran Milk, juices, ice cream Susu, jus, ais krim Changed texture Berubah jalinan Suitable temperature Suhu yang sesuai Smoking Pengasapan Meat, fish Daging, ikan Mouldy Berkulat Suitable acidity Keadaan asid yang sesuai Waxing Pelilinan Vegetables, fruits Sayur, buah Bottling/Canning Pembotolan/pengeti nan Meat, fish, fruits, vegetables Daging, ikan, buah, sayur Salting Pengasinan Fish, meat, eggs, vegetables, fruits Ikan, daging, telur, sayur, buah Vacuum packing Pembukusan vakum Nuts, crackers, powder milk Kacang, biskut, susu tepung Food Preservation Pengawetan makanan SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 85 - - 86 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 1.3 Realising the importance of preserving food Menyedari kepentingan pengawetan makanan Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 2.1 Understanding the effects of improper disposal of waste on the environment Memahami kesan kesalahan mengurus pembuangan bahan buangan kepada persekitaran Food Preservation Pengawetan makanan Waste Management Pegurusan bahan buangan The importance of preserving food Kepentingan pengawetan makanan Types of waste Jenis bahan To make last longer Tahan lebih lama To reduce wastage food Mengurangkan makanan terbuang Sources of waste Sumber bahan Plastics, glass, chemical waste, organic waste, metal Plastik, kaca, sisa kimia, sisa organik, logam Homes, factories, agriculture, motor vehicles Rumah, kilang, pertanian, kenderaan bermotor • Dispose of waste in the right place To make food easily to store Makanan lebih mudah disimpan Buang bahan buangan di tempat yang betul • Treat waste before disposing it into the drain Rawat bahan buangan sebelum ia mengalir keluar • Bury waste that can decay in soil Bakar bahan buangan yang boleh reput dalam tanah • Reuse of recycle waste Guna semula bahan kitar semula Proper Betul Ways of disposing waste Cara buang bahan buangan • Littering Tidak teratur • Open burning Improper Tidak betul SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar Pembakaran terbuka • Release of waste into the rivers Melepaskan bahan buangan ke dalam sungai • Release of smoke into the air Melepaskan asap ke udara SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 87 - - 88 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 2.1 Understanding the effects of improper disposal of waste on the environment Memahami kesan kesalahan mengurus pembuangan bahan buangan kepada persekitaran Damages our lungs, initiates our eyes Merosakkan paru-paru.tidak elok dipandang Can kill fish and water plants Boleh membunuh ikan dan tumbuhan Water pollution Pencemaran air Air pollution Pencemaran udara Flash floods Banjir kilat Damage property Merosakkan harta Harmful effects of improper disposal of waste Kesan buruk daripada pembuangan bahan buangan yang tidak betul Sickness & diseases Kesakitan & penyakit Thypoid, dengue fever demam denggi Acid rain Hujan asid MENYIASAT BUMI & ALAM SEMESTA Can kill plants and erode building Boleh membunuh tumbuhan dan menghakis bangunan Year 4 2.1 Understanding the effects of improper disposal of waste on the environment Memahami kesan kesalahan mengurus pembuangan bahan buangan kepada persekitaran Waste that can decay Bahan buangan yang boleh reput Food, paper, wood Makanan, surat khabar, kayu Waste that does not decay Bahan buangan yang tidak boleh reput Plastics, glass, metal Plastik, gelas, logam Advantage : To make the soil fertiile Kelebihan : Untuk menyburkan tanah Disadvantage : Gives out poisonous gases Kelemahan : Mengeluarkan gas beracun SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 89 - - 90 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Sembilan planet -Natural satellites Satelit semulajadi -Meteors Meteor -Comets Komet -Asteroids Asteroid List of constituents Senarai pembentukan The solar system Sistem Solar Mind Maps – Science 1.2 Understanding the relative size and distance between the Earth, the Moon and the Sun Memahami perbandingan saiz dan jarak antara Bumi, Bulan dan Matahari 1.1 Understanding the Solar System Memahami Sistem Solar -Nine Planets Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mercury – My Utarid Venus – Very Zuhrah Earth – Excellent Bumi Mars – Mother Marikh Jupiter – Just Musytari Saturn – Served Zuhal Uranus – Us Uranus Neptune – Nine Neptun Pluto – Pudding Pluto the Sun Matahari 1 the Earth Bumi 100 the Earth Bumi 1 Size of the Sun relative to the size of the Earth. Saiz Matahari relatif saiz Bumi the Moon Bulan 4 Size of the Earth relative to the size of the Moon. Saiz Bumi relatif saiz Bulan The relative size and distance between the Earth, the Moon and the Sun Saiz dan jarak relatif di antara Bumi, Bulan dan The relative distance from the Earth to the Sun compared to the relative distance from the Earth to the Moon. Jarak relatif dari Bumi ke Matahari berbanding jarak relative dari Bumi ke Bulan List of planets Senarai planet Planets move around the Sun Planet beredar mengelilingi matahari the Earth Bumi the Sun Matahari SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar 382 500 km 150 000 000 km 1 the Moon Bulan : 400 SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 91 - - 92 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Earth in the Solar System Bumi dalam Sistem Solar Why certain planets are not conducive for living things. Mengapa sesetengah planet tidak sesuai untuk benda hidup Much nearer : Lebih dekat •The temperature on the Earth would rise. Suhu di bumi akan meningkat •Water on Earth would evaporate. Air di bumi akan tersejat •No water and the temperature would be very hot. Tiada air, suhu akan jadi lebih panas. Much farther : Lebih jauh •The temperature on the Earth would drop. Suhu di bumi akan menurun •Water would freeze into ice. Air akan membeku menjadi ais. •All living things would die. Semua benda hidup aka mati. The Earth is the only planet in the Solar System that has living things. Hanya planet Bumi dalam Sistem Solar yang mempunyai benda hidup Mind Maps – Science OUR SOLAR SYSTEM SISTEM SOLAR KITA 1.3 Appreciating the perfect placement of the planet Earth in the Solar System Menghargai kedudukan yang sempurna planet Bumi dalam Sistem Solar •The nearer a planet to the Sun is, the hotter is the surface of the planet. Planet yang dekat dengan matahari mempunyai permukaan yang paling panas •The farther a planet from the Sun is, the colder is the surface of the planet. Planet yang paling jauh dari matahari mempunyai perrmukaan yang paling sejuk. Do not have enough air and water. Tidak mempunyai air dan udara yang mencukupi Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MERCURY VENUS EARTH MARS JUPITER SATURN URANUS NEPTUNE PLUTO MY VERY EASY METHOD JUST STOP USING NINE PLANET MAKAN VITAMIN E MULUT JADI SENGET URAT AK PUTUS The nine planets from the sun. 9 Planet daripada Matahari. Effect Kesan • Earth is the third planet from the Sun, it receives enough light and heat from the Sun. Bumi adalah planet ketuga dari matahari, ia menerima cahaya dan haba secukupnya • It is not too hot or too cold. Ia tidak terlalu sejuk atau panas. • The atmosphere of the Earth contains air and there is water on Earth. Atmosfera bumi mengandungi udara dan air di bumi SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 93 - - 94 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria 1.1 Mind Maps – Science Understanding the constellation Memahami buruj Planting Musim menanam Harvesting Musim menuai Desert Padang pasir Sea Laut Indicates Seasons Menunjukkan musim What constellation is Apa itu buruj MENYIASAT BUMI & ALAM SEMESTA Year 5 A group of stars that form a certain pattern in the sky Gugusan bintang-bintang di langit yang membentuk corak tertentu Show Directions Menunjukkan arah Importance of Constellation Kepentingan buruj Constellation Buruj Scorpion Kala jengking South Selatan June - August Southern Cross Pari South Selatan Scorpion Skorpio Identify Constellation Kenal pasti buruj April – June Kite or Cross Layang-layang atau Palang Big dipper Biduk Water dipper Gayung SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar North Utara Orion Belantik Hunter Pemburu North Utara December - January SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 95 - - 96 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 2.1 Understanding the movement of the Earth, the Moon and the Sun Memahami pergerakan Bumi, Bulan dan Matahari Earth rotates on it axis Bumi berputar pada paksinya Earth rotates and at the same time moves around the sun Bumi berputar dan pada masa yang sama bergerak mengelilingi matahari Moon rotates on it axis Bulan berputar pada paksinya The movements of the Earth, the Moon and the Sun Pergerakan Bumi,Bulan dan Matahari Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 2.1 Understanding the occurrence o day and night Memahami kejadian siang dan malam Night-time Waktu malam the Sun Matahari The earth rotates on its axis from west to east Bumi berputar pada paksinya the Earth Bumi Daytime Waktu siang Moon rotates and at the same time moves around the Earth Bulan berputar dan pada masa yang sama beredar mengeliligi Mathari It is day time for the part of the Earth facing the Sun. Pada waktu siang sebahagian Bumi menghadap Matahari At night part of Earth do not face Sun. Pada waktu malam sebahagian Bumi tidak menghadap matahari The occurrence of day and night Kejadian siang dan malam Axis Paksi The changes in length and position of the shadow throughout the day Perubahan panjang dan kedudukan bayang-bayang sepanjang hari Day and night occur due to the rotation of the Earth on its axis. Kejadian siang dan malam berlaku kerana putaran Bumi pada paksinya. The Moon and the Earth move round the Sun at the same time Bulan dan Bumi bergerak mengeliligi Matahari pada masa yang sama SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar West Barat East Timur SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 97 - - 98 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 2.3 Understanding the phases of tne Moon Memahami fasa bulan Phases Of The Moon Fasa-fasa Bulan Describe the phases of the moon Menerangkan fasa-fasa bulan The Moon Does Not Emit Light Bulan tidak mengeluarkan cahaya MENYIASAT BUMI & ALAM SEMESTA Year 6 The Moon appear bright when it reflect sunlight Bulan jadi terang akibat pantulan cahaya matahari. 1-New moon, 1- Anak Bulan 3- New half moon, 3, Bulan separa baru 5- Full moon 5. – Bulan penuh 7- Old half moon Bulan separa lama SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 99 - - 100 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 1.1 Understanding the eclipse of the moon Memahami gerhana bulan 1.2 Understanding the eclipse of the sun Memahami gerhana matahari Eclipse Gerhana Eclipse of The Moon Gerhana bulan Eclipse of The Sun Gerhana matahari The Earth is between the Sun and the Moon and the three of them lie in a straight line. Bumi berada di antara Matahari dan Bulan dan ketiga-tiganya berada dalam satu garis yang lurus The Earth blocks sunlight from reaching the Moon Bumi menghalang cahaya Matahari daripada sampai ke Bulan The Moon looks reddish, dark gray or brown Bulan kelihatan kemerahan, kelabu atau perang The Moon is between the Sun and the Earth and the three of them lie in a straight line. Bulan berada di antara Matahari dan Bumi dan ketiga-tiganya berada dalam satu garis yang lurus Sunlight is blocked by the Moon Cahaya Matahari dihalang oleh bulan The Moon shadow falls on the Earth surface Bayangbayang Bulan jatuh ke atas permukaan Bumi MENYIASAT DUNIA TEKNOLOGI Year 4 Daylight becomes dark during the total eclipse Hari siang menjadi gelap menjelang gerhana penuh SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 101 - - 102 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Mind Maps – Science 1.2 Understanding the development of technology Memahami pembangunan teknologi 1.1 Understanding the importance of technology in everyday life Memahami kepentingan teknologi dalam kehidupan seharian Importance of technology in everyday life Kepentingan teknologi dalam kehidupan seharian Limitation of human ability Had keupayaan manusia Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Agriculture Pertanian e.g.: hoe plough Lubang bajak Technology Teknologi Examples of human limitations are Contoh had keupayaan manusia • Unable to see fine objects Tidak boleh melihat objek yang kecil Development Of Technology Pembangunan teknologi Cave Gua hut wooden house pondok rumah kayu apartment rumah pangsa Examples Contoh •Unable to walk for long distance Tidak boleh berjalan jauh Transportation Pengangkutan •Unable to see far away objects Tidak boleh melihat objek yang jauh Microphone Mikrofon -To increase the voice volume Untuk meninggikan suara Telephone Telefon -To communicate from long distance Untuk berkomunikasi dari jarak yang jauh combine harvester mesin penuai Construction Pembinaan •Unable to speak loud Tidak boleh bercakap dengan kuat Microscope Mikroskop - The usage of lens to see fine features of objects and microbes Penggunaan kanta untuk melihat benda dan mikrob yang halus tractor traktor Devices to overcome human limitation Alat mengatsai had keupayaan manusia Bicycle, motorcycle, airplanes Basikal,motosikal , kapal terbang -Can travel long distance in a shorter time Boleh pergi ke tempat jauh dalam masa yang singkat Land:/ Darat Animal bicycle Haiwan basikal Air:/Udara Hot air balloon Belon panas Water:/Air Canoe raft Kenu rakit car kereta train kereta api airship glider aeroplane kapal udara glider kapal terbang sampan sampan ferry feri ship kapal Communication Komunikasi Drawing Lukisan carrier pigeon pembawa utusan telephone telefon Telescope, binocular Teleskop, binokular -To see far away objects Untuk melihat objek yang jauh SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 103 - - 104 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 1.3 Synthesising how technology can be used to solve problem Sintesis bagaimana teknologi boleh digunakan untuk menyelesaikan masalah Problems they encounter in their daily life Masalah yang dihadapi dalam kehidupan sehari Ideas to solve the problems identified Idea untuk menyelesaikan masalah dikenal pasti Cannot move and lift heavy thing Tidak boleh beregerak dan angkat benda berat Cannot move farther Tidak boleh bergerak jauh Brain storming Mencari idea Demonstrate that device invented can be used to solve the problem identified Demontrasi bahawa alat yang dicipta boleh digunakan untuk menyelesaikan masalah yang dikenal pasti Mind Maps – Science 1.4 Analysing that technology can benefit mankind if used misely Analisa bahawa teknologi memberi manfaat jika digunakan secara bijaksana Advantages of Technology Kelebihan teknologi •Communication Komunikasi Enable human to learn more about things happening around the world Membolehkan manusia mengetahui benda yang berlaku di seluruh dunia Sketch the model Lakar model Technology solve problems Teknologi menyelesaikan masalah Device to solve the problem identified. Alat untuk menyelesaikan masalah dikenalpasti Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Disadvantages of Technology Kelemahan teknologi Environmental pollution from increase in waste materials Pencemaran alam daripada penambahan sisa buangan •Transportation Pengangkutan Enable human to travel far away places in shorter time Membolehkan manusia pergi ke tempat jauh dalam masa yang singkat Wheel barrow Kereta sorong •Agriculture Lever Tuas Pertanian Machines make it easier to plants and harvest their crops Mesin memudahkan untuk menanam dan menuai Wheel barrow – can move heavy thing easily Kereta sorong-boleh mengangkat benda berat dengan senang Pulley – can lift everything Takal – boleh mengangkat apa sahaja SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar Environmental destruction result from excessive usage of natural resources Kemusnahan alam kesan daripada penggunaan sumber semulajadi yang berleluasa Social problem Masalah sosial Bad effects on health result from environmental pollution and excessive use of chemicals Kesan buruk kepada kesihatan kesa daripada pencemaran sekitar dan penggunaan bahan kimia secara berleluasa •Construction Pembinaan Roads, highways, bridges and building is easier and faster to build Memudahkan pembinaan jalan, lebuh raya,jambatan dan bangunan SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 105 - - 106 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science HUMAN LIMITATIONS AND WAYS TO OVERCOME KETIDAKUPAYAAN MANUSIA DAN CARA MENTASAINYA I can’t hear you. Saya tak dengar awak We can’t fly. Kami tak boleh terbang. I can’t walk, anymore. Saya tak boleh berjalan lagi. Can we save the data? Boleh tak kita simpan data ini? MENYIASAT DUNIA TEKNOLOGI Year 5 HOW TO OVERCOME THE PROBLEM? Use the phone Use the car Use the aeroplane Use the computer SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 107 - - 108 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 1.1 Knowing the shapes of objects in structures. Mengetahui bentuk objek di dalam struktur Cylinder Silinder Cube Kiub Cuboid Kuboid Shapes of objects that are stable Bentuk benda yang stabil Strength and Stability Kekuatan dan Kestabilan Pyramid Piramid Cube, cone, cylinder Kiub.kon,silinder The factors that affect stability of objects Faktor-faktor yang memberi kesan kestabilan objek Sphere sfera Cylinder Silinder The factors that affect the strength of a structure Faktor-faktor yang memberi kesan sesuatu struktur Sphere Sfera Mind Maps – Science 1.2 Understanding the strength and stability of a structure. Memahami kekuatan dan kestabilan struktur. Identify shape in structure Mengenal pasti bentuk di dalam struktur The shape of objects Bentuk-bentuk benda Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Cone Kon Height , base area Ketinggian , luas tapak Types of materials used Steel, iron, wood Jenis bahan yang digunakan Keluli, besi, kayu Bigger base area more stable Semakin luas tapak bertambah kestabilan Smaller base area less stable Semakin kecil luas tapak kurang kestabilan Lower object more stable Semakin rendah objek bertambah kestabilan Higher object less stable Tinggi objek kurang kestabilan SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 109 - - 110 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 1.1 Understanding simple machines Memahami mesin ringkas MACHINES Mesin Wedge Baji Screw Skru Year 6 Simple machines Mesin ringkas To fix two objects together Untuk mengetatkan dua benda bersama Gear Gear MENYIASAT DUNIA TEKNOLOGI To cut or separate objects Untuk memotong atau mengasing objek To move objects easily Untuk menggerakkan objek dengan mudah Pulley Takal To carry or to lift objects to higher place Untuk membawa atau mengangkat objek ke tempat tinggi Inclined plane Satah condong Lever Tuas Wheel and axle Roda dan gandar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar To lift heavy objects easier Untuk mengangkat objek dengan mudah To carry or move heavy objects easily Untuk membawa atau menggerak benda berat dengan mudah To carry or move heavy objects easily Untuk membawa atau menggerak benda berat dengan mudah SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 111 - - 112 -
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Catatan : 1.2 Analysing a complex machines Analisa mesin yang kompleks Complex Machine Mesin kompleks Made up of more than one simple machine Terdiri lebih dari satu mesin ringkas e.g Wheelbarrow, bicycle, a pair of scissors, fishing rod Kereta sorong. basikal, gunting, rod pancing 1.3 Appreciating the invention of machines that make life easier Menghargai mesin yang dicipta membuatkan hidup menjadi senang To carry, move or lift heavy things more easily Untuk membawa atau mengangkat benda dengan mudah To travel from one place to another Untuk pergi dari satu tempat ke tempat yang lain Aeroplane, bus Kapal terbang, bas To make work faster Untuk membuat kerja lebih cepat Tractor Trektar To make communication with people faster and easier Untuk berkomunikasi dengan manusia lebih cepat dan mudah Computer, satelite Komputer, satelit To treat diseases Untuk mengesan penyakit Machine make life easier Mesin membuat kehidupan lebih mudah Crane, lift Kren, lif Dialysis machine Mesin dialisis SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 113 - - 114 -

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Peta minda sains

  • 1.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science SK Permatang Tok Mahat 14300 Nibong Tebal, SPS, Pulau Pinang Mind Maps ScienceScience-018 UPSR 2010 Name Class Teacher MENYIASAT ALAM KEHIDUPAN Year 4 : : : En. Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar -1- -2-
  • 2.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 1.1 Understanding that humans have basic needs Memahami bahawa manusia mempunyai keperluan asas Give energy / Beri tenaga Grow / Membesar To breathe / Bernafas Stay healthy / Sihat Air / Udara Food / Makanan 1.2 Understanding that animals have basic needs Memahami bahawa manusia mempunyai keperluan asas Give energy / Beri tenaga To breathe / Bernafas Grow / Bertumbuh @ Membesar Stay healthy / Sihat Air / Udara Food / Makanan Basic Needs of Human Keperluan Asas Manusia Basic Needs of Animals Keperluan Asas Haiwan Water / Air Water / Air Shelter / Tempat perlindungan Shelter / Tempat Perlindungan Drinks / Minuman Grow / Bertumbuh @ Membesar Drinks / Minuman Grow / Membesar Stay healthy / Sihat Types / Jenis : - holes / lubang - cave / gua - nest / sarang To protect from Untuk melindungi daripada - danger / bahaya - extreme weather / cuaca melampau -sun & rain / matahari dan hujan SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar Stay healthy / Sihat To protect from Untuk melindungi daripada - danger / bahaya - extreme weather / cuaca melampau - sun & rain / matahari dan hujan SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar -3- -4-
  • 3.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 2.1 Analysing life processes in humans Analisa proses hidup manusia 1.3 Understanding that plants have basic needs Memahami bahawa tumbuhan mempunyai keperluan asas Nose/Mouth Hidung/Mulut Water / Air With water / Ada air : - grow healthy / tumbuh dengan sihat - grow well / tumbuh dengan baik - not wilted / tidak layu Lungs Paru-paru Organs Organ Plants Have Basic Needs Tumbuhan Mempunyai Keperluan Asas Air / Udara Wind-pipe Trakea Sunlight / Cahaya matahari Without water / Tanpa air: - wilted / layu - turn yellow / menjadi kuning - die / mati Exhale – give out air Hembus nafas- keluarkan udara Breathing Pernafasan Purpose / Tujuan : - avoid danger elak bahaya - avoid getting hurt elak dapat luka - avoid getting injured elak dapat cedera - to survive untuk terus hidup Respond To Stimuli Bergerak balas Terhadap Ransangan Inhale – take in air Tarik nafas – ambil udara Rate of breath Kadar pernafasan Number of chest movement in a period of time Bilangan pergerakan dada dalam sesuatu masa Life Processes of Humans Proses Hidup Dilalui Manusia Organs Organ Eyes – Sight Mata - Melihat Nose – Smell Hidung - Menghidu Tongue – Taste Lidah - Merasa Ears – Sound Telinga - Mendengar bunyi Skin – Touch Kulit - Sentuhan SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar Excrete Berkumuh Reproduce Membiak A process to produce their young or offspring Proses untuk menghasilkan anak Kidney ( urine + mineral salt ) Ginjal ( air kencing + garam mineral ) Lungs ( Carbon dioxide + water vapour ) Paru-paru ( Karbon dioksida + wap air ) Defecate Bernyahtinja Faeces Najis Skin ( Sweat + mineral salt ) Kulit ( peluh + garam mineral ) SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar -5- -6-
  • 4.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science 2.2 Being aware that certain behaviour can disturb life processes Menyedari bahawa sesetengah perlakuan mengganggu proses hidup Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria 2.3 Analysing the life processes in animals Analisa proses hidup haiwan Behaviour That Can Disturb Life Processes Perlakuan yang boleh mengganggu proses hidup Animals Life Processes/Proses Hidup Haiwan Smoking / Merokok Effects / Kesan - Lung cancer Kanser paru-paru - Coughing Batuk Mind Maps – Science Excrete / Perkumuhan Drinking Alcohol / Minum Alkohol How to avoid / Bagaimana untuk hindari Occupied time with beneficial activities Memenuhi masa dengan aktiviti berfaedah Taking Drug / Mengambil Dadah Breathing / Bernafas Defecate / Bernyahtinja Organs / Organ Effects / Kesan - Delay respond to stimuli Lambatkan ransangan terhadap ransangan - Lose ability to walk in straight line Hilang keupayaan berjalan dengan lurus - Can cause accidents Menyebabkan kemalangan Reproduce / Membiak Lay Eggs / Bertelur Give Birth / Lahirkan anak butterfly rama-rama To get rid of waste product from their bodies Untuk menyingkirkan bahan buangan dari badan bird burung cat kucing tiger harimau bat kelawar whale paus Participate in a campaign Ambil bahagian dalam kempen Advise from their peers Nasihat daripada rakan sebaya Lungs/ Paru-paru - monkey monyet - bird burung - whale paus SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar Gills/Insang Lungsbook - fish - crab ikan ketam - prawn udang Moist skin/Kulit lembap - frog katak - earthworm cacing tanah Trachea Structre/Sistem Trakea - insects serangga SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar -7- -8-
  • 5.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science 2.4 Understanding the life processes in plants Memahami proses hidup tumbuhan various ways plants reproduce through seeds, spores, suckers, stem cutting, leaves, underground stem. berbagai cara tumbuhan membiak melalui .bji benih, spora, anak pokok,keratan batang, daun, batang bawah tanah plants respond to stimuli. water, sunlight, touch, gravity. tumbuhan bergerak balas terhadap ransangan air,cahaya matahari,sentuhan,graviti plants reproduce. tumbuhan membiak the part of plant that responds to water bahagian pokok yang bertindak balas terhadap ransangan Mind Maps – Science 3.1 Understanding that animals have specific characteristics and behaviour to protect themselves from danger Memahami bahawa haiwan mempunyai ciri dan perlakuan khas untuk melindungi diri mereka daripada bahaya Specific characteristics and behaviour Sifat-sifat dan tingkah laku khas Life processes plants undergo Proses hidup tumbuhan Seeds – balsam, corn, durian Biji benih-keembung, jagung,durian the part of plant that responds to gravity. bahagian pokok yang bertindak balas terhadap graviti roots akar the part of plant that responds to sunlight. bahagian pokok yang bertindak balas terhadap cahaya matahari Permul why plants need to reproduce to ensure the survival of the species. mengapa tumbuhan perlu membiak untuk memastikan kemandirian spesisnya Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Akhir Special characteristics Ciri-ciri khas Special behaviour Tingkah-laku khas Sharp claws ( tiger, cat ) Kuku tajam ( harimau, kucing ) Pretend to be dead ( beetle, ) Berpura-pura mati ( kumbang ) Thick and hard skin ( rhinoceros ) Kulit tebal dan keras ( badak sumbu ) Camouflage ( cameleon ) Menyamar ( sumpah-sumpah ) Hard shell ( tortoise, snails ) Cengkerang keras ( kura-kura, Hard scales ( pangolin, crocodiles ) Sisik keras ( tenggiling,buaya ) the part of plant that responds to touch. bahagian pokok yang bertindak balas terhadap sentuhan Spray black ink ( squid ) Mengeluarkan dakwat hitam ( sotong ) Poisonous sting or fang ( centipede, snake ) Sengat atau taring berbisa ( kala jengking, ular ) Spines ( porcupine ) Berduri ( landak ) Horns ( buffalo, seladang ) Tanduk ( kerbau, seladang ) SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar -9- - 10 -
  • 6.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science 3.2/3.3 Understanding that animals have specific characteristics and behaviour to protect themselves from extreme weather Memahami bahawa haiwan mempunyai sifat-sifat dan tingkah laku khas untuk melindungi diri daripada cuaca melampau Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria 3.4 Understanding that plants have specific characteristics to protect themselves from enemies Memahami bahawa tumbuhan mempunyai ciri-ciri khas untuk melindungi diri mereka daripada musuh The specific characteristics Sifat-sifat khas Specific characteristics and behavior Sifat-sifat dan tingkah laku khas Hot weather Cuaca panas Thick Fur (Polar bears) Berbulu tebal (Beruang kutub) Wallowing (Elephant, hippopotamuses and buffaloes) Berkubang (Gajah, badak sumbu, kerbau) Fat Layers Under The Skins (Penguins, seals, and whales) Lapisan lemak di bawah kulit (Penguin, anjng laut, ikan paus) Humps (Camel) Bonggol (Unta) Have thorns Berduri Produces latex Keluarkan getah Cold weather Cuaca sejuk Wrinkled Skin (Elephant ,hippopotamuses and buffaloes) Kulit berkedut (Gajah. badak sumbu, kerbau) Mind Maps – Science Small Ears (Seals and Walruses) Telinga kecil (Anjing laut, singa laut) Poisonous Beracun Have fine hairs Berbulu halus Close leaflets when touch Daun tertutup bila disentuh Hibernate (Polar bears) Berhibenasi (Beruang kutub) SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 11 - - 12 -
  • 7.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science 3.5 Understanding that plants have specific characteristics to protect themselves f rom dry region and strong wind Memahami bahawa tumbuhan mempunyai ciri-ciri khas untuk melindungi diri mereka daripada kawasan kering dan angin kuat Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science The Basic Needs of Human and Animals Keperluan Asas Manusia dan Haiwan Specific characteristics of plants to protect themselves Sifat-sifat khas tumbuhan untuk melindungi diri strong wind angin kuat dry region kawasan kering Eg : cactus kaktus • • • Long roots to absorb water Akar panjang untuk serap air Succulent stem can store water Batang menyimpan air Thorn can can prevent the excessive loss of water Duri yang mencegah kehilangan banyak air . Eg: Coconut tree, bamboo tree, pokok kelapa, pokok buluh a. b. c. d. Have stems that bend easily Batang yang mudah bengkok Have buttress roots Akar banir Have separated leaves Daun berbilah-bilah Needle- shaped leaves Daun berbentuk jarum One evening, when Cik Ti crawled out from its shelter to search for food, the day started to rain heavily. Cik Ti immediately crawled back to the shelter, a hole near a woody house. Cik Ti was tired. She also felt hungry. She tried to find some food but there was no food left in the hole. “ Oh no… I will die without food.” Said Cik Ti frustrated. Cil Ti moved into the kitchen in that woody house. “ Arghh…… I am hungry!. Cik Ti screamed. “Wow, cheese…. Emmm…. Delicious.” After she had her food, she was thirsty. She saw a cup of water on the table. Cik Ti drank the water. Tap! Tap! Tap! Without her knowing, Mamat was ready to trap her into a plastic bag. He tighten the bag tightly. Help! Help! I can’t breath…… where is the air.” Shouted Cik Ti ….. Her voice slow down time by time. Lastly Cik Ti dead without air….. Suatu petang ketika Cik Ti merangkak di luar rumahnya untuk mencari makanan, tiba-tiba hujan turun dengan lebatnya. Cik Ti bergerak pantas kembali semula ke kediamannya, sebuah lubang di tepi sebuah rumah kayu. Cik Ti penat. Dia mula rasa lapar. Cik Ti cuba mencari makanan tetapi dia tidak menemuinya di lubang itu. “Matilah aku kalau tak ada makanan.” rungut Cik Ti . Cik Ti terus ke dapur rumah itu. “Arghh….. laparnya.” Tiba-tiba Cik Ti menjerit, “wow, keju….. emmm… sedapnya.” Selepas makan Cik Ti terasa dahaga. Dia ternampak secawan air di atas meja tersebut. Cik Ti minum air tersebut dengan gelojohnya. Tap! Tap! Tap! Tanpa disedarinya Mamat telah bersedia untuk menangkap Cik Ti. Cik Ti terperangkap. Mamat memasukkan Cik Ti ke dalam sebuah beg plastic dan mengikat beg itu dengan kuatnya. “ Tolong! Tolong! Aku tak boleh bernafas….. mana udara ni.” Jerit Cik Ti….. Suaranya semakin perlahan...... akhirnya Cik Ti mati tanpa udara..... SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 13 - - 14 -
  • 8.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science EXCRETION PROCESS PROSES PERKUMUHAN What Plants eed to Stay Healthy? Thank you for giving me enough water. I can use it to make my food. Terima kasih kerana memberikan saya air yang cukup. Saya akan gunakannya untk membuat makanan. No. Bil Oh, it is my pleasure. Hope you grow healthy soon. Oh , itu sudah tanggungjawab saya. Harap awak akan hidup subur kelak. Organs Diagram Gambarajah Organ 1. Waste Products Bahan Buangan Kidney / Buah Pinggang Thank you for placing me to the direct sunlight. Now I get enough light. I can use it to make my food. 2. Urine + water vapour Ureter Oh, it is my pleasure. Hope you can grow healthy soon . Oh , itu sudah tanggungjawab saya. Harap awak akan hidup subur kelak. Kidney Air Kencing + wap air Lungs/ Paru-Paru Carbon Dioxide + water Vapour Karbon dioksida + wap air Terima kasih kerana meletakkan saya di bawah cahaya matahari. Kini saya telah mendapat cahaya yang mencukupi. Saya boleh gunakkanya untuk membuat makanan. 3. Thank you for giving me enough fertilizer. Now I can get enough mineral. I can use it to make my food. Terima kasih kerana memberikan saya cukup baja. Kini saya telah mendapat baja yang mencukupi. Saya boleh gunakkanya untuk membuat makanan. Emmm… I feel fresh. I can breath smoothly. Thank you. Now I can get enough air. I can use it to make my food. Emmm....saya rasa segar. Terima kasih. Kini saya telah mendapat udara yang mencukupi. Saya boleh gunakkanya untuk membuat makanan. Skin/Kulit Oh, it is my pleasure. Hope you can grow healthy soon . Sweat + Water Vapour + Mineral salt Oh , itu sudah tanggungjawab saya. Harap awak akan hidup subur kelak. Peluh + wap air + garam mineral Oh, it is my pleasure. Hope you can grow healthy soon . Oh , itu sudah tanggungjawab saya. Harap awak akan hidup subur kelak. SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 15 - - 16 -
  • 9.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Plants Respond To Stimuli Tumbuhan bergerakbalas terhadap ransangan (Pussy Cat Song) Mind Maps – Science The Breathing Structure of Animals Gill Insang Oh Fresh Roots, Oh Fresh Roots what are you see? I want to go down to meet my gravity. Trachea Structure Struktur Trakea Trachea Structure Struktur Trakea Lung Paru-paru Oh Fresh Roots, Oh Fresh Roots why are you here? I’m going down to the soil to absorb water. Oh green shoot, Oh green Shoot what make you bright? I can go up to search for sunlight. Nose Hidung The shoot responds to sunlight Pucuk bergerakbalas terhadap cahaya matahari.. Windpipe Salur Trakea Lung Paru-paru The roots respond to water. Akar bergerakbalas terhadap air. SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar Air Passage Peredaran Udara Nose Wind Pipe Hidung Trakea Lungs Paru-paru Moist Skin Kulit Lembab Lung Paru-paru SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 17 - - 18 -
  • 10.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Animal Defense From extreme weather Wallowing In Mud Rhinoceroses Thick Fat In Tails – Kangaroo Rats Long Ears – Desert Fox Rest – Desert Animals Thick Layers Of Fat – Penguins Thick Furs - Polar Hump - Camels MENYIASAT ALAM KEHIDUPAN Year 5 Small Ears – Cold Region Animals Kangaroo Rat Camel Penguin How I Survived – Unit 3/Lesoon 2 Living in Extreme Danger SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 19 - - 20 -
  • 11.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science 1.1 Understanding that microorganism is a living things Memahami mikroorganisma adalah benda hidup Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 1.2 Understanding that some microorganism are harmful and some are useful Memahami beberapa mikroorganisma yang berbahaya dan berguna Some Organisms Are Harmful And Some Are Useful Beberapa mikoorganisma yang berbahaya dan berguna Microorganism Mikroorganisma Useful / berguna Bacteria Bakteria Fungi Kulat Protozua Protozoa Harmful / Berbahaya Virus Virus -Making food/ buat makanan (bread/tapai/tempe/yogurt) ( roti,tapai,tempe, yogurt ) Can cause Boleh -Making fertilizer/ baja -Making medcine/ ubat Characteristics Ciri.Ciri Breathe Bernafas Grow Membesar Move Bergerak Illness Sakit Cause the dough rise Menyebabkan adunan tepung menaik. Tiny Halus Disease Penyakit Washing hand Membasuh tangan Stomach upset Sakit perut Cough batuk Cannot see with naked eyes Tidak boleh dilihat dengan mata kasar • Rotten oranges/ limau busuk • Mouldy rice / Nasi berkulat SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar Food Poisoning Keracunan makanan Tooth decay Gigi mereput Food Stale Makanan basi Tooth Decay Gigi mereput Prevention Cara mencegah Conjunctivity Sakit mata Drink boiled water Minum air yang dimasak Covering mouth & nose when coughing & sneezing Menutup mulut dan hidung apabila batuk dan bersin SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 21 - - 22 -
  • 12.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science 2.1 Understanding that different animals have their own ways to ensure the survival of their species Memahami bahawa haiwan berlainan mempunyai cara sendiri untuk memastikan kemandirian spesisnya Examples animals that take care of their eggs and young. Contoh haiwan yang menjaga telur dan anak. bird, spider, fish,snake, burung,labah-labah,ikan,ular turtle, kangroo, elephant penyu,kanggaro,gajah Survival of Animal Species Kemandirian Spesies Haiwan Why animals take care of their eggs and young. Mengapa haiwan melindungi telur dan anaknya To ensure the survival of their species Memastikan kemandirian spesisnya. Importance Kepentingan Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria 2.2 Understanding that different plants have their own ways to ensure the survival of their species Memahami bahawa tumbuhan berlainan mempunyai cara sendiri untuk memastikan kemandirian spesisnya Agents of dispersal Agen HOW ANIMALS TAKE CARE OF THEIR EGGS AND YOUNG. Bagaimana haiwan menjaga telur dan anak mereka . Bird - Eggs with shell covering Burung – Telur disaluti oleh cangkerang Frog - Eggs are thick, slimy and having bad smell Katak – Telur tebal,berlendir dan berbau busuk Spider - kept in a bag underneath its body Labah-labah –simpan dalam beg di bawah badan Fish - keep their young in their mouths Ikan - Memasukkan anaknya ke dalam mulut Snake, Tiger - attack in order to protect their eggs Ular,harimau – menyerang untuk menyelamatkan telur Turtle - hide their eggs Penyu – Menyembunyikan telurnya Kangaroo - carry their young in their pouches Kanggaroo – Membawa anaknya di dalam kantung Elephant - stay in herds Gajah - Tinggal dalam kumpulan Shortage of food resource Sumber makanan berkurangan Mind Maps – Science Water Air Wind Angin Survival of Plant Species Kemandirian spesies tumbuhan Explosive mechanism Mekanisme letupan Special characteristic Ciri-ciri • Light / Ringan • Air Space in the fruits Ruang udara di dalam buah • Not water absorbent Air tidak boleh diserap • Coconut / kelapa • Water Lily / Kiambang • Light / Ringan • Small in size / saiz kecil • Winged / berkepak • Shorea • Angsana • Lalang • Dry when ripe Kering apabila masak • Explodes when mature Meletup apabila matang • Rubber fruit / buah getah • Balsam fruit / keembong • Lady’s finger/ kacang bendi Animal haiwan Animals and plants species may face extinction. Spesis haiwan dan tumbuhan akan mengalami kepupusan. SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar Examples Contoh ♣ Brightly coloured Warna yang terang ♣ Edible / Boleh dimakan ♣ Have smells / berbau ♣ Have hook bercangkuk • Rambutan • Mango/ mangga • Love grass / kemuncup SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 23 - - 24 -
  • 13.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science All living things need food to survive.Green plant can make their own food. However animals cannot make their own make their own food. Semua benda hidup perlu makanan untuk hidup. Tumbuhan hijau boleh membuat makanan sendiri. Food Chain Rantai Makanan Green plant obtain energy from the sun to make food. Green Plant as a producer Tumbuhan hijau Memerlukan tenaga daripada Matahari untuk membuat makanan. Tumbuhan adalah pengeluar Consumer Pengguna Producer Pengeluar Classify animals Pengkelasan haiwan Herbivore : Animals that eat plants only. e.g.: cow, goat, deer Herbivor Haiwan makan tumbuhan sahaja Cth: lembu,kambing,rusa Carnivore: Animals that eat other animals. e.g.: tiger, lion Karnivor Haiwan yang makan haiwan lain Cth : harimau,singa Omnivore: Animals that eat plants and other animals Omnivor Haiwan makan tumbuhan dan haiwan lain. Mind Maps – Science 3.2 Synthesizing food chains to construct food web. Sintesis siratan makanan untuk membentuk rantai makanan 3.1 Understanding food chains Memahami rantai makanan Animals and the food they eat Haiwan dan makanannya Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Construct food chain Membina rantai makanan The food relationship among living things can be shown by a food chain. Hubungan antara makanan dan benda hidup ditunjukkan melalui rantai makanan Animals that eat plant or other animals are called consumers. Haiwan yang makan tumbuhan dipanggil pengguna. They will face difficulty to survive if the source of food runs out Mereka akan mengalami kesukaran jika sumber makanan kehabisan. What will happen If there is a change in population of a certain species in a food web Apa akan berlaku jika terdapat perubahan spesies dalam rantai makanan What will happento a certain species of animals if they eat only one type of food? Apa akan berlaku sebahagian spesis haiwan makan hanya satu jenis makanan sahaja? Food web of different habitats Siratan makanan daripada berlainan habitat. Synthesizing food chains to construct food web. Sintesis siratan makanan untuk membentuk rantai makanan paddy plant tanaman padi mice tikus caterpillar ulat beluncas birds burung eagles helang grasshoppers belalang A change in the population of a certain species will effect the population of other species Perubahan populasi beberapa haiwan memberi kesan kepada populasi haiwan lain. To construct food chain It must start with plant as a producer. Untuk membina rantai makanan ia bermula daripada tumbuhan sebagai pengeluar. snakes ular frogs katak Paddy field Sawah padi Food web Siratan makanan In a food chain the arrow means ‘eaten by’ Dalam rantai makanan anak panah bermaksud dimakan oleh caterpillar ulat beluncas spinach bayam grasshopper belalang snail siput bird burung frog katak snake ular eagle helang Garden Taman SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 25 - - 26 -
  • 14.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science MICROORGANISMS MIKROORGANISMA Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mother Ali : Wow, that’s interesting. Tell me more, mother. (Wow, menariknya. Ceritalah lagi ibu.) Mother : Okay. Yeast is an example of microorganisms. Since Microorganism is a living things, it can breathe, grow and move. (Okay. Yis ialah satu contoh mikro organisma. Memandangkan mikro organisma Perkataan itu ialah “mikroorganisma”. Dia tidak faham dan terus bertanya kepada ibunya.) : Mother, what is a microorganism? (Ibu, apa itu mikro organisma?) Mother : Microorganism is tiny living things that can only be seen through a microscope. There are four types of microorganisms. (Mikro organisma adalah benda hidup yang sangat halus dan hanya boleh adalah benda hidup, ia boleh bernafas, membesar dan bergerak.) Ali : What are those? (Apa itu?) Mother : Bacteria, Protozoa, Fungi and Virus. (Bakteria, Protozoa, Fungus dan Virus.) Ali : What picture is that, mother? (Gambar apa tu, ibu?) Mother : It is Bacteria. It exists in different shapes, sizes and colours. (Itu ialah Bakteria. Ia wujud dalam berlainan bentu, saiz dan warna.) Ali : That picture is ) (Gambar itu Mother : Thank you, mother. (Terima kasih, ibu.) dilihat melalui mikroskop. Terdapat empat jenis mikro organisma.) Ali : It is a virus. Virus is the tiniest microorganism. (Itu ialah Virus. Virus ialah mikro organisma yang paling halus.) One day, while reading a book, Ali comes across one word. The word is “microorganisms”. He doesn’t understand what it is and he ask his mother immediately. (Suatu hari, semasa Ali sedang membaca buku, dia terbaca satu perkataan. Ali Mind Maps – Science : It is Protozoa. Most of it are found mainly in ponds, lakes and rivers. (Itu ialah Protozoa. Kebanyakkan daripadanya dijumpai di kolam, tasik dan sungai.) Ali : That must be Fungi. Right, mother? (Itu pasti fungus. Betul tak, ibu?) Mother : Yes, it is. I know you have seen it many time on mouldy bread, rotten food, trees and forest floors. (Ya. Ibu tahu kamu selalu lihatnya di atas roti yang berkulat, buah yang reput, pokok-pokok dan lantai hutan.) Ali : And this picture, mother? (Dan gambar itu, ibu?) SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 27 - - 28 -
  • 15.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science Making tempe Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science ANIMAL SURVIVAL KEMANDIRIAN HAIWAN Making tapai Membuat tempe Membuat tapai USEFUL Bird Burung KEBAIKAN Frog Katak Making yogurt Penguin Penguin Membuat yogurt Making cheese Membuat keju Snake Ular Produce antibiotic Form fertilizer Menghasilkan antibiotic Membuat baja We take care of our eggs Kami menjaga telur kami Sea horse Kuda laut THE USEFUL AND THE HARMFUL OF MICROORGANISMS KEBAIKAN DAN KEBURUKAN MIKROORGANISMA Crocodile Buaya Cockroach Lipas Tooth decay Kerosakan gigi Food poisoning Flu Keracunan makanan Selsema Dolphin Ikan lumba Bat Kelawar Elephant Gajah Kangaroo Kangaroo HARMFUL Keburukan Mumps Measles Beguk Cow Lembu Cacar Conjunctivitis Sakit mata We take care of our youngs Kami menjaga anak kami Tiger Harimau Chicken pox Campak SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 29 - - 30 -
  • 16.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria PLANTSURVIVAL KEMANDIRIAN TUMBUHAN Mind Maps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Mangga Mango AGENT EXAMPLE CHARACTERISTICS AGEN CONTOH CIRI-CIRI Watermelon Lotus Teratai Coconut Kelapa We dispersed by water because we are light, covered with waxy skin, waterproof, has air spaces and has spongy receptacles. Tembikai We dispersed by animal because we have brightly colour, fleshy, edible and have smells. Our seed is also hard. Kami dipencarkan oleh haiwan kerana kami mempunyai warna yang terang, berisi, boleh dimakan dan mempunyai bau. Biji benih kami juga keras. ANIMAL HAIWAN Pong-pong Pong-pong Kami dipencarkan melalui air kerana kami ringan, diselaputi dengan kulit yang berlilin, kalis air dan mempunyai rongga yang berspan. Mimosa Semalu WATER AIR Lovegrass Kemucup Shorea We are also dispersed by animal because have hooks that can be attached to animals. Kami juga dipencarkan oelah haiwan kerana kami mempunyai cangkuk yang boleh melekat kepada haiwan Meranti Lallang Lallang We dispersed by wind because we are small, light, dry, have wing-like structure, have hairs and fine hairs. Therefore it is easily carried by wind. Flame of forest Semarak api Balsam Keembung Angsana Angsana Kami dipercarkan melalui angina kerena kami kecil, ringan, kering, mempunyai struktur seperti sayap, ada bulu yang halus. Sebeb itu kami senang dibawa pergi oleh angin. Okra Bendi Rubber seed Biji getah Cotton Kapas We dispersed by explosive mechanism because we dry up when we ripe and burst to push the seeds out from the fruits. Kami dipencarkan melalui mekanisma letupan kerana buah kami menjadi kering apabila masak ranum dan seterusnya meletup dan biji benih kami terpelanting keluar. Explosive Mechanism WIND ANGIN SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 31 - - 32 -
  • 17.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science FOOD CHAIN AND FOOD WEB RANTAI MAKANAN DAN JARINGAN MAKANAN bottom trees sun grass chain bawah pokok matahari rumput rantai Plants such as grass and trees are at the bottom of the food chain. Plants get their energy from the sun. Tumbuhan seperti rumput dan pokok adalah di bahagian bawah rantai makanan. Tumbuhan mendapat tenaga daripada matahari. deer herbivores rabbits carnivores rusa herbivor arnab karnivor Animals such as deer and rabbits get their energy by eating plants. They are called herbivores, which means 'plant eaters.' There are many more herbivores on our planet than carnivores, which are animals that eat meat. Haiwan seperti rusa dan arnab mendapat tenaga dengan memakan tumbuh-tumbuhan. Mereka dikenali sebagai herbivor, yang bermaksud ‘makan tumbuhan.’ Terdapat banyak herbivor daripada karnivor iaitu haiwan yang makan daging di planet kita predators hunt prey top memburu mangsa atas Year 6 lions pemangsa MENYIASAT ALAM KEHIDUPAN singa Predators such as wolves and lions are at the top of the food chain. Predators are animals that hunt other animals. The animals that they hunt are called prey. Some animals are both predator and prey. Pemangsa seperti serigala dan singa adalah di bahagian atas rantai makanan. Pemangsa adalah haiwan yang memburu haiwan lain. Haiwan yang diburu dikenali sebagai mangsa. Sesetengah haiwan adalah kedua-duanya; pemangsa dan mangsa. connected energy web more berhubung tenaga jaringan lebih Most animals belong to more than one food chain, which means many food chains are connected together. Many food chains together form a food web. The food web shows how the sun's energy moves from plants to animals to animals. Kebanyakan haiwan mempunyai lebih daripada satu rantai makanan, iaitu banyak rantai makanan dihubung bersama. Rantai makanan berhubung bersama membentuk jaringan makanan. Jaringan makanan menunjukkan bagaimana matahari memindahkan tenaganya kepada tumbuhan dan seterusnya daripada tumbuhan kepada haiwan. SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 33 - - 34 -
  • 18.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science 1.1 Understanding that some animals live in group and others live in solitary Memahami bahawa sesetengah haiwan hidup berkumpulan dan selebihnya bersendirian Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 1.2 Understanding that competition is a form of interaction among living things Memahami bahawa persaingan membentuk interaksi antara benda hidup INTERACTION AMONG LIVING THINGS Interaksi antara benda hidup Interaction among living things Interaksi antara benda hidup Competition Persaingan Group animals and solitary animals Haiwan berkumpulan dan haiwan Tigers, bears Harimau, beruang To avoid competition for food and space Untuk hindari persaingan mendapatkan makanan dan ruang Among plants Antara tumbuhan Compete for Bersaing untuk Solitary Bersendirian Among animals Antara haiwan Compete for Bersaing untuk Group Berkumpulan For safety and food Untuk keselamatan dan makanan Food Makanan Water Air Shelter Tempat Ants, lions Semut, singa Mate Pasangan Water Air Space / territory Ruang / kawasan Space Ruang Sunlight Cahaya Mineral Mineral Type Jenis Intraspecies Intraspesis Competition between the same species Persaingan di antara spesis yang sama SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar Interspecies Interpesis Competition between the different species Persaingan di antara spesis yang berbeza SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 35 - - 36 -
  • 19.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science 1.3 Understanding the responbility of human beings in protecting endangered species Memahami tanggungjawab manusia untuk melindungi spesis yang terancam Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 1.4 Knowing the impact of human activities on environment Memaham kesan daripada aktiviti manusia ke atas alam sekitar Interaction among living things Interaksi antara benda hidup Interaction among living things Interaksi antara benda hidup Impact of human activities Kesan daripada aktiviti manusia Protecting endangered species Melindungi spesis yang terancam Ways to prevent Cara untuk mencegah Extinct animals Haiwan pupus Campaign Kempen Dinosours, dodos Dinosur, dodo Endangered animals and plants Haiwan dan tumbuhan yang terancam Orang utan, tiger, Raflesia, pitcher plant Orang utan, harimau, bunga pakma,pokok periuk kera Destructions of the environment Kemusnahan alam sekitar Enforcing law Kuat kuasa undangundang Illegal or excessive logging Pembalakan haram atau berleluasa Illegal and excessive logging Pembalakan haram dan berleluasa Erosion Hakisan Illegal and excessive hunting Pemburuan haram dan berleluasa Flash floods Banjir kilat Improper management of development Kelemahan pengurusan pembangunan Educating the public Mendidik orang awam Factors Faktor Activities Aktiviti Air pollution Pencemaran udara Landslides Runtuhan Water pollution Pencemaran air Hunting Pemburuan Development Pembangunan SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 37 - - 38 -
  • 20.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 1.1 Understanding the measurement of length Memahami ukuran panjang 1.3 Volume Isipadu 1.2 Area Luas 1.1 Length Panjang MENYIASAT DAYA DAN TENAGA Year 4 SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar 1.3 Solid Pepejal 1.4 Liquid Cecair 1.5 Mass Berat Measurement Ukuran 1.7 Standard units Unit seragam 1.6 Time Masa SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 39 - - 40 -
  • 21.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science Mind Maps – Science 1.2 Understanding how to calculate area Memahami cara mengira luas 1.1 Understanding the measurement of length Memahami ukuran panjang Measuring tape Pita pengukur 1.2 Area Luas Arm span Depa String Tali Terminology Istilah Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Cubit Hasta Ways to measure Cara menyukat -The distance between -Square millimetre (mm2) Milimeter persegi (mm²) -Area is the amount of Ruler Pembaris two points/ place / position Jarak di antara dua titik/tempat/kedudukan Length Panjang Standard unit Unit piawai Terminology Istilah -Square centimetre (cm2) space taken up by the surface of an object. Luas ialah jumlah ruang yang dipenuhi pada permukaan sesuatu objek Sentimeter persegi (sm²) -Square metre (m2) Meter persegi (m²) -Square kilometre (km2) Kilometer persegi (km²) Different ways to measure area Berbeza cara untuk menyukat luas Standard Tools Alat seragam Correct technique Teknik yang betul - by placing uniform objects -The eye must be Measuring tape Pita pengukur directly above the end of object Mata mesti tepat pada bahagian bawah hujung benda Ruler Pembaris such as tiles, books and stamps on the surface of the objects dengan meletakkan objek seperti jubin, buku dan setem pada permukaan objek -Using formula Guna rumus 2c m Unit Unit -Using square card with a mm mm cm sm m m km km sides of 1 centimetre Menggunakan kad segi empat dengan tepinya 1 sentimeter 4c m Area = length X width Luas = panjang X lebar = 4cm X 2 cm = 8cm2 3cm 1cm 3cm SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar 1cm SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 41 - - 42 -
  • 22.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science 1.2/1.3 Understanding how measure the volume of solid and liquid Memahami cara mengira isipadu pepejal dan cecair The amount of space that something takes up Jumlah ruang yang dipenuhi oleh sesuatu Length x width x height Panjang x lebar x tinggi Terminology Istilah Standard Units Unit seragam Mind Maps – Science 1.5 Understanding how measure mass Memahami cara menyukat berat Measuring cylinder Silinder penyukat Terminology Istilah Correct technique Teknik yang betul -Amount of matter in an object Jumlah benda dalam objek Tools Alat Mass Berat Formula Rumus 1.3 Solid Pepejal Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Electronic balance Neraca elektronik Volume Isipadu 1.4 Liquid Cecair Tools Alat Standard Units Unit piawai Correct technique Teknik yang betul Lever balance Neraca tuas Beam balance Neraca palang ml, l ml, l mm³, cm³, m³ mm³, sm³, m³ Bathroom scale Penimbang berat badan Standard unit Unit piawai Mg mg g g kg kg Kitchen scale Penimbang dapur a) taking the reading at the lowest part of the meniscus. mengambil bacaan pada bahagian paling rendah pada meniskus b) eyes must be at the same level as the lowest part of the meniscus mata mesti sama pada aras paling rendah pada meniskus SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 43 - - 44 -
  • 23.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science Mind Maps – Science 1.7 Realising importance of using standard units Menyedari kepentingan menggunakan unit yang piawai 1.6 Understanding how to measure time Memahami cara mengukur masa Standard unit Unit piawai Time Masa Terminology Istilah Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria - Second , minute , hour Saat, minit, jam The Importance of Standard Units Kepentingan unit yang piawai -Duration between two event Tempoh antara dua ketika -for accuracy and consistency Process that repeats uniformly can be used to measure time Proses yang berulang secara sekata boleh digunakan untuk menyukat masa Old clock Jam lama -easy to communicate and understanding untuk tepat dan konsisten Tool Alatan Way to measure Cara untuk mengukur mudah untuk memahami dan berkomunikasi -Digital clock, watch, wrist watch Jam digital, jam, jam tangan Events can be used measuring time Kejadian boleh digunakan untuk menyukat masa -Sundial , sand clock , candle clock -Jam bayang, jam pasir, jam lilin -swinging pendulum ayunan bandul -pulse rate candle denyutan nadi -water dripping titisan air -changing day and night perubahan siang dan malam SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 45 - - 46 -
  • 24.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science THE STORY OF TIME Unit 4/Lesson 1 CERITA TE TA G MASA Measuring Length/Mass Defense Of Plants Galileo Galilei was the first person to use events that repeat uniformly to measure time such as the pendulum clock. From then onwards, the wall clock and modern clock were invented. Galileo Galilei merupakan orang pertama menggunakan peristiwa yang berulang secara seragam untuk mengukur masa seperti jam bandul. Daripada situ, jam dinding dan jam moden telah dicipta. MENYIASAT DAYA DAN TENAGA Year 5 Sand Clock Sundial Clock Candle Clock Ancient Clocks Wall clock Stop Watch Watch Modern Clock SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar Unit 4/Lesson 6 Measuring Time SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 47 - - 48 -
  • 25.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science INVESTIGATING FORCE AND ENERGY Menyiasat Daya dan Tenaga - by living things to carry Light energy Tenaga Cahaya - to move, boil, melt, Kinetic energy Tenaga Kinetik - menggerakkan ,didih,cair atau melantun benda bukan hidup Heat energy Tenaga Haba Chemical energy Tenaga Kimia Form of energy Bentuk Tenaga Sun Matahari Sound energy Tenaga bunyi The Uses of Energy Kegunaan Tenaga -main source of energy sumber utama tenaga - produces light and heat menghasilkan cahaya dan haba The Sources of Energy Sumber-sumber Tenaga Potential energy Tenaga Keupayaan Energy can be transformed from one form to another Tenaga boleh berubah dari satu bentuk kepada bentuk lain. Energy can be transformed Tenaga boleh diubahkan Example of appliance that make use of energy transformation. Contoh alatan yang menggunakan perubahan tenaga Food makanan - moving or falling water produce energy -Air yang bergerak Menghasilkan tenaga Electrical energy Tenaga Elektrik or bounce non-living things Why energy is needed? Mengapa tenaga diperlukan ENERGY TENAGA Water air Mind Maps – Science 1.2 Understanding that energy can be transformed from one form to another Memahami bahawa tenaga boleh berubah dari satu bentuk ke bentuk yang lain 1.1 Understanding the uses of energy Menyedari kegunaan tenaga out life processes. Ex : moving, breathing, growing bergerak,bernafas membesar Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Batteries Bateri Fuell Bahan api Wind Angin a) lighting a candle/Nyalaan lilin Chemical energy heat energy + light energy Tenaga kimia Tenaga haba + Tenaga Cahaya -food contains stored energy b) Kicking a ball / Menendang bola Chemical energy kinetic energy Tenaga kimia Tenaga Kinetik -mengadungi tenaga tersimpan - Device that generated electrical energyfrom chemical energy -Alat yang menghasilkan tenaga elektrik daripada tenaga kimia -wood, coal, petroleum, natural gas -Kayu, petrol,gas asli heat energy Tenaga haba a) Electric iron / Seterika elektrik Electrical energy heat energy Tenaga elektrik Tenaga haba - Moving air Udara bergerak -Used to pump water Mengepam air, b) Radio Electrical energy Tenaga elektrik c) Television Electrical energy Tenaga elektrik SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar sound energy Tenaga bunyi sound energy + light energy Tenaga bunyi + tenaga cahaya SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 49 - - 50 -
  • 26.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science 1.3 Understanding renewable anad renewable energy Memahami tenaga yang boleh diperbaharui dan tidak boleh diperbaharui Energy that cannot be replaced Tenaga yang tidak boleh diganti Resources -natural gas,petroleum,coal Sumber – gas asli, petroleum, arang. Mind Maps – Science 2.1 Knowing the sources of electricity Mengetahui sumber elektrik Resources – solar, wind ,biomass fuel,water Sumber- Matahari, angin,minyak,air, biomass Energy that be replenished when it is used up Tenaga yang boleh diganti Non-renewable energy Tenaga yang tidak boleh diperbaharui Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Sources Sumber Dry cell Sel Kering Renewable energy Tenaga yang boleh diperbaharui Accumulator Sel Basah Dynamo Dinamo Solar cell Tenaga Solar Renewable and Non-renewable Energy Tenaga yang boleh diperbaharui dan Tidak boleh diperbaharui Some energy resources cannot be replenished when used up. Sesetengah sumber tenaga tidak boleh diganti bila habis Use energy wisely Gunakan tenaga dengan bijak Avoid wastage Mengelakkan pembaziran Reduce pollution Mengurangkan pencemaran. How to save energy Bagaimana menjimatkan tenaga Turn off the television when no one watching it. Tutup TV jika tidak menonton. Switch off the lights if not in use. Tutup lampu jika tidak mengunakannya. To save cost Menjimatkan kos SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 51 - - 52 -
  • 27.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria 2.3 Understanding the safety precautions to be taken when handling electricl appliances Memahami langkah pencegahan yang perlu diambil semasa menggunakan peralatan elektrik 2.2 Understanding a series circuit and a parallel circuit Memahami litar bersiri dan litar selari Type of circuit Jenis litar Precautions Langkah keselamatan Parallel circuit litar selari Series circuit litar bersiri Symbol and component Simbol dan komponen Name Nama Differences Perbezaan The bulb in the parallel circuit is brighter then the bulb in the series circuit Mentol dalam litar selari lebih terang daripada mentol dalam litar bersiri Mind Maps – Science Symbol Simbol Dry cell Sel Kering Connecting wire Wayar penyambung Danger of mishandling electrical appliances Bahaya kecuaian mengendali peralatan elektrik Burn Bakar Fire Api Safety precautions to be taken when using appliances Langkah-langkah keselamatan ketika mengunakan peralatan Electric shock Kejutan elektrik Electrocution Renjatan elektrik Do not touch electrical appliances with wet hand Jangan sentuh alatan elektrik dengan tangan basah Switch / Suis Bulb / Mentol Do not repair electrical appliances on your own Jangan baiki alatan elektrik jika tidak tahu. SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 53 - - 54 -
  • 28.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science 3.1 Understanding that light travels in a straight line Memahami bahawa cahaya bergerak dalam satu garis lurus Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 3.2 Understanding that light can be reflected Memahami cahaya boleh dipantulkan Light Cahaya Light Cahaya How shadow is formed Bagaimana bayang-bayang terbentuk Travels in straight line Cahaya bergerak dalam satu garis lurus When light is completely or partially blocked by an opaque object Bila cahaya disekat sepenuhnya atau separuh oleh objek legap prove bukti search light from helicopter cahaya dari helikopter pencari Periscope Kaleidoscope Side mirror of a car Cermin sisi kereta Opaque object Objek legap the beam of light from motorcycle alur cahaya dari motosikal the beam of light from lighthouse alur cahaya dari rumah api Uses of reflection Kegunaan pantulan Can be reflected Boleh dipantulkan How ? Bagaimana? The light that falls on objects ‘bounces off’ the objects and comes to your eyes Cahaya yang jatuh ke atas objek melantunkannya ke dalam mata mirror/ cermin Light Cahaya Shadow form Objek terbentuk the ray of Sun,passing through a hole in the roof alur cahaya Matahari melalui lubang atap rumah SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 55 - - 56 -
  • 29.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 4.1 Understanding that temperature in an indicator of degree of hotness Memahami bahawa suhu adalah penunjuk darjah kepanasan The effects of heat on matter Kesan haba ke atas bahan Matter expands when heated Bahan mengembang bila dipanaskan SOURCES OF ENERGY Warmer panas Loss Hilang Heat haba Gain Ditambah Cooler Sejuk PUNCA-PUNCA TENAGA How to measure temperature using the correct technique Bagaimana untuk mengukur suhu menggunakan cara yang betul SUN WIND DRY CELL FUELS FOOD Matahari Angin Sel kering Bahan bakar Makanan Matter contract when cooled Bahan mengecut bila sejuk FORMS OF ENERGY BENTUK-BENTUK TENAGA Chemical energy Tenaga kimia light energy + tenaga cahaya heat energy tenaga haba Electrical energy light energy Tenaga elektrik tenaga cahaya Electrical energy heat energy Tenaga elektrik tenaga haba Electrical energy Thermometer termometer Tenaga elektrik Electrical energy Tenaga elektrik SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar sound energy tenaga bunyi kinetic energy tenaga kinetic SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 57 - - 58 -
  • 30.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science LIGHT CAHAYA ELECTRICITY ELEKTRIK ( Song : This old man) Light oh light Light travels Light travels in a straight line Light travels in a straight line Therefore it can form shadow PUNCA-PUNCA ELEKTRIK Cahaya oh cahaya Cahaya boleh gerak Cahaya bergerak lurus Cahaya bergerak lurus Ia membentuk bayang Light oh light Light reflects Light can be reflected Light can be reflected Can see image in mirror SOURCES OF ELECTRICITY Cahaya oh cahaya Cahaya boleh pantul Cahaya boleh dipantulkan Cahaya boleh dipantulkan Boleh lihat dicermin DRY CELL ACCUMULATOR Sel kering DYNAMO SOLAR CELL Dynamo HYDROELECTRIC Sel solar Hidroelekrik PARALLEL CIRCUIT LITAR SELARI SERIES CIRCUIT LITAR SESIRI SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 59 - - 60 -
  • 31.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 1.1 Understanding that push and pull are forces Memahami bahawa tolak dan tarik adalah daya INVESTIGATING FORCE AND ENERGY MENYIASAT DAYA DAN TENAGA FORCE DAYA Concept Konsep A push or a pull Tolak atau tarik Cannot be seen but the effects can be felt Tidak boleh dilihat tetapi boleh dirasa 1.2 Understanding the effect of a force Memahami kesan daya Effects Kesan Can move a stationary object Boleh gerakkan objek yang pegun MENYIASAT DAYA DAN TENAGA Changes the motion of an object Mengubah pergerakan objek Year 6 Changes the shapes of an object Mengubah bentuk objek An object become squeezed, stretched, bent, twisted or squashed Objek menjadi kemek, regang, bengkok,berpintal atau penyek Stops a moving object Memberhentikan objek yang bergerak Changes the direction of a moving object Mengubah arah pergerakan objek yang bergerak Makes an object move faster or slower Menggerakkan objek lebih cepat atau perlahan SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 61 - - 62 -
  • 32.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 2.1 Understanding speed Memahami laju 1.3 Analysing friction Analisa geseran Movement Pergerakkan FRICTION GESERAN Speed Laju Effects of friction Kesan geseran Factors that affect friction Faktor yang menyebabkan geseran Produces heat Hasilkan haba Opposes motion Berlawanan gerakan Causes wear and tear Menyebabkan haus dan koyak Slows down and stops a moving object Memperlahankan dan memberhentikan objek yang bergerak Condition of the surface Keadaan permukaan Weight of the object Berat objek Disadvantages Kekurangan Calculation of speed Pengiraan laju Ways to reduce friction Cara kurangkan geseran How fast an object moves Berapa laju objek bergerak Use rollers or marbles Guna penggelek atau guli Smoothen surfaces Permukaan licin Use oil, wax, grease, talcum powder, air cushion Guna minyak, pelicin, gris, A faster object travels a longer distance in a given time Objek yang lebih laju melalui jarak yang lebih panjang mengikut masa yang diberi A faster object takes a shorter time to travel a given distance Objek yang laju mengambil masa yang singkat untuk melalui jarak yang diberi Speed = Distance Time Laju = Jarak Masa Units : ● km/h km/j ● m/s m/s ● cm/s sm/s Advantages Kelebihan SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar Formula : Rumus SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 63 - - 64 -
  • 33.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 1.1 The properties of materials Sifat bahan metal logam carbon karbon Conduct electricity Mengalirkan elektrik glass kaca plastics plastik Light to pass through Cahaya boleh melaluinya wood kayu Insulator Penebat Properties of materials Sifat bahan Float on water Terapung atas air MENYIASAT ALAM BAHAN Year 4 Sink in water Tenggelam dalam air wood kayu stone batu SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar Can be stretch Boleh diregangkan rubber ring gelang getah Conduct heat Mengalirkan haba metal logam SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 65 - - 66 -
  • 34.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science 1.2 Applying knowledge properties of materials in everyday life Aplikasi pengetahuan sifat bahan dalam kehidupan seharian Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria 1.3 Synthesising the knowledge about uses of materials based on their properties Sintesis pengetahuan mengenai penggunaan bahan berdasarkan kandungan Applying knowledge properties of materials in everyday life Aplikasi pengetahuan sifat bahan dalam kehidupan seharian Suggest ways to keep things hot Cadangan untuk menyimpan benda panas Mind Maps – Science Uses of materials based on their properties Penggunaan bahan berdasarkan kandungan Suggest ways to keep things cold Cadangan untuk menyimpan benda sejuk List of object and materials that they are made of Senarai objek dan bahan yang dibuat daripada Covered with insulators Balut dengan bahan penebat object objek to prevent heat loss untuk menghalang kehilangan haba spoon sudu prevent from absorbing heat halang daripada serap haba SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar metal logam hard keras wood kayu soft lembut glasses gelas cold thing benda sejuk properties sifat tissue tisu hot thing benda panas materials bahan glass kaca Reason why particular materials are used to make an object Keterangan mengapa bahan tertentu digunakan untuk membuat objek transparent lutsinar cheap murah strength kuat easy to get senang didapati good quality kualiti baik SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 67 - - 68 -
  • 35.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 1.4 Knowing the importance of reuse, reduce and recycle Memahami kepentingan guna semula, pengurangan dan kitar semula bahan 1.5 Understanding that some materials can rust Memahami sesetengah bahan boleh perkarat The importance of reuse, reduce and recycle of materials Kepentingan guna semula, pengurangan dan kitar semula bahan wood kayu cotton kapas Natural materials Bahan semulajadi metal logam rubber getah plastics plastik glass kaca Rusting can be prevented Pengaratan boleh dicegah synthetic cloth kain sintetik public transport pengangkutan awam reusing guna semula plastic bag beg plastik Coating with non rusting materials Menyadurkan dengan bahan tidak berkarat *paint cat *oil recycling kitar semula bottle botol The necessary to prevent rusting Keperluan mencegah pengaratan Man-made materials Bahan buatan State that man-made materials comes from natural materials Nyatakan bahan buatan berasal dari bahan semulajadi reducing mengurangkan Different ways to prevent objects from rusting Cara berbeza untuk menghalang objek daripada berkarat plastics plastik *Everlasting Live Tahan lebih lama *Save natural material Selamatkan bahan asal *Save cost Jimat kos *Looking good Mencantikkan *Conclusion; Rusting can be avoided by preventing iron contact with air and water. * Kesimpulan;Pengaratan boleh dihindarkan dengan menghalang ia bertindak balas dengan air dan udara glass kaca SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 69 - - 70 -
  • 36.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science MATERIALS AROU D YOU 1.6 Understanding the rusting can be prevented Memahami pengaratan boleh dicegah Rusting can be prevented Pengaratan boleh dicegah MATERIALS Rusty objects Object made of iron and steel Objek yang diperbuat daripada besi *Nail Paku *Spoon Sudu *Knife Pisau Non rusty objects Objek tidak berkarat Object made of glass, plastic, wood, clay and silk Objek yang diperbuat daripada kaca,plastik, kayu, tanah liat dan sutera WOOD COTTON METAL GLASS RUBBER PLASTIC *Glass Kaca *Bottle Botol *Cup Cawan -The Properties Of Materials- -Floats on water -Insulator -Terapung di atas air -Penebat SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar -Can absorbs water -Insulator -Boleh menyerap air -Penebat -Conducts electricity -Conducts heat -Conductor -Mengalirkan elektrik -Mengalirkan haba -Konduktor -Allow light to pass through them -Insulator Membenar kan cahaya menembusi nya -Penebat -Can be stretched -Insulator -Insulator -Boleh diregang -Penebat -Penebat SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 71 - - 72 -
  • 37.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science Opaque, Translucent and Tranparent Mind Maps – Science ATURAL A D MA MADE BAHA SEMULAJADI DA BUATA MA USIA Legap, Lutsinar dan Lutcahaya I can’t see you. Saya tak nampak awak. Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Wood Door (opaque) METAL LOGAM RUBBER GETAH SILK SUTERA GLASS KACA NATURAL MADE MATERIALS LEATHER KULIT I can see you but not clear. Saya nampak awak tapi kurang jelas. Glass Door (Translucent) WOOD KAYU RAYON RAYON I can see you clearly. Saya nampak awak dengan jelas. BAHA SEMULAJADI MAN-MADE MATERIALS CLAY TANAH LIAT FUR BULU SYNTHETC CLOTH KAIN SINTETIK BAHA BUATA MA USIA Clear glass Door (Transparent) PLASTIC PLASTIK SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar COTTON KAPAS NYLON NILON SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 73 - - 74 -
  • 38.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science Unit 5/Lesson7 Natural and Man made Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 1.1 Matter exist in the form of solid, liquid or gas Bahan wujud dalam bentuk pepejal,cecair atau gas Water Air Wood Kayu Milk Susu Air Udara Liquid Cecair Solid Pepejal Stone batu gas Steam wap Examples Contoh Matter Bahan Properties of solid Sifat-sifat pepejal has mass mempunyai berat MENYIASAT ALAM BAHAN Year 5 Properties of liquid Sifat –sifat cecair fixed shape bentuk tetap has mass Mempunyai berat fixed volume isipadu tetap has mass mempunyai berat fixed volume isipadu tetap no permanent shape bentuk tidak tetap SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar Properties of gas Sifat-sifat gas can't fixed shape Tidak mempunyai bentuk tetap Can't fixed volume Isipadu tidak tetap can compressed boleh dimampatkan SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 75 - - 76 -
  • 39.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science 1.2 Understanding that matter can change from one state to another Memahami bahawa benda boleh berubah bentuk dari satu ke bentuk yang lain solid – liquid Pepejal - cecair Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria 1.3 Understanding the water cycle Memahami kitaran air The water cycle. Kitaran air Melting Peleburan Importance of water Kepentingan air. Boiling Pendidihan liquid – gas Cecair - gas CHANGING STATES OF WATER Perubahan Bentuk Air Condensation Kondensasi Evaporation Penyejatan Circulation of water in the environment. Kitaran air dalam persekitaran Gas → liquid (Condensation) Gas Cecair ( Kondensasi ) Condensation Kondensasi liquid – gas cecair - gas Formation of clouds and rain. Pembentukan awan dan hujan Changes in the states of matter in the water cycle Perubahan bentuk bahan dalam kitaran air Evaporation Penyejatan gas – liquid gas - cecair Mind Maps – Science Freezing Pembekuan Liquid to gas (evaporation) Cecair kepada gas ( Penyejatan ) SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar Droplets of water will become bigger and heavier → rain Titisan air menjadi besar dan berat hujan SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 77 - - 78 -
  • 40.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science 1.4 Appreciating the importance of water resources Menghargai kepentingan sumber air Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 2.1 Understanding the properties of acidic, alkaline and neutral substances Memahami sifat asid, alkali dan bahan neutral The properties of acid, alkaline and neutral substances. Ciri-ciri asid , alkali dan bahan nutral To prevent living aquatic from being destroyed and undergoing extinction Untuk mengelakkan hidupan air musnah dan mengalami kepupusan To avoid infected diseases Mengelakkan penyakit berjangkit To regulate the formation of clouds and rain Untuk mengekalkan pembentukan awan dan hujan Reasons to keep our water resources clean. Sebab untuk mengekalkan sumber air yang bersih To ensure the cleanliness of water supply Memastikan air yang bersih dibekalkan Changes in colour of litmus papers Menukarkan warna kertas litmus blue to red biru ke merah Importance of water resources. Kepentingan sumber air red to blue merah ke biru Alkaline alkali Acid asid Ways to keep our water resources clean Cara mengekalkan sumber air bersih Keep the rivers clean Jadikan sungai besih Identify acidic, alkaline and neutral substances using litmus paper. Mengenal pasti keasidan,alkali dan nutral bahan menggunakan kertas litmus Cleanliness campaign Kempen kebersihan no change tidak berubah Conclude the properties of acidic, alkaline and neutral substances. Kesimpulan ciri-ciri bahan asid, alkali dan neutral . Properties of alkali Ciri-ciri alkali Taste bitter & change red litmus paper to blue Rasa pahit dan menukarkan Kertas litmus merah kepada biru neutral neutral SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar Identify the taste of acidic and alkaline food. Mengenal pasti rasa makanan yang berasid dan berakali Bitter Pahit Properties of neutral substances Ciri-ciri bahan neutral Sour masam Properties of acid Ciri-ciri asid Other tastes – no changes in litmus paper Tidak menukarkan warna kertas litmus Taste sour & change blue litmus paper red Rasa masam dan menukarkan kertas litmus merah SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 79 - - 80 -
  • 41.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science I am a droplet of water. Saya setitis air STATE OF MATTER KEADAAN BAHAN Solid Ali is eating an ice cream. After a while, the ice cream melt. Melting process changes solid to liquid. Ali sedang makan ais krim. Selepas beberapa ketika, ais krim itu menjadi cair. Proses pencairan menukarkan pepejal kepada cecair. Liquid Abu feels like to drink cold water. He need some ice cubes. He put water in the freezer. Freezing turn solid to solid. Abu ingin minum air sejuk. Dia perlukan ais batu. Dia masukkan air ke dalam peti sejuk. Proses pembekuan menukarkan cecair kepada pepejal. Ah Seng forget to drink his ice lemon tea because his mother as him to go to the shop. When he went back, he saw many water droplets on the glass. Condensation turn gas to liquid. Ah Seng terlupa untuk minum airnya kerana ibunya menyuruhnya ke kedai. Setelah pulan, dia dapati banyak titisan air di luar gelas. Kondensasi menukarkan gas kepada cecair. Upin’s mother wants to boil some water. She knows that the water is boiling because it produces steam or water vapour. Boiling changes liquid to gas. Ouch! Where I am. Wow! It is big. Opss! Mmm cold and fresh. Where am I? Oh, I see, this is a sea my new place. I came from river. Ouch! Di mana saya. Wow! Besarnya. Opss! Mmm sejuk dan segar. Di mana saya? Oh, saya tahu, saya di laut tempat baru untuk saya. Saya datang dari sungai. Arghh! Hot, very hot Oh no! I’m moving up. What happen??? It is very hot. The sun makes me very hot. It evaporate me to the sky. Evaporation change me as a water vapour. Arghh! Panasnya, sangat panas Tidak! Saya sedang bergerak ke atas. Apa dah jadi nih??? Sangat panas. Matahari membuatkan saya panas. Ia menyejat saya ke langit. Penyejatan menukarkan saya menjadi wap air. Oh no! I’m shivering. It cold now. The condensation process turn me into water droplet. Wow! There are many droplets like me. Hey! Lets join together. Lets form cloud. Ahh it is better now. Oh no! Saya sedang menggigil. Ia sejuk sekarang. Proses kondensasi menukar saya menjadi titisan air. Wow! Banyaknya tiisan air macam saya. Hey! Jom bergabung. Jom bentuk awan. Ahh leganya dah jadi awan. Opss! I’m heavy now. Let me out. Ahh! I’m out now as rain. Ouch! I fall down into the river again. My home sweet home. Yea! Opss! Saya semakin berat sekarang. Saya nak keluar. Ahh! Saya dah keluar sebagai hujan sekarang. Ouch! Saya jatuh kembali kedalam sungai. Rumah saya yang dirindui. Yea! Ibu Upin ingin menjerang air. Dia tahu bahawa air itu sudah mendidih kerana terhasilnya wap air atau stim. Pendidihan menukarkan cecair kepada gas. Ipin’s mother hangs clothe on the cloth line. After a while, the cloth dries. This is because evaporation process occurs. Evaporation turn liquid to gas. Ibu Upin menjemur kain di ampaian. SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 81 - - 82 -
  • 42.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Fill in the missing letters. Lengkapkan perkataan dengan huruf yang betul. C _ _ d _ _s _ _ i o _ C____ E_a___a___n MENYIASAT ALAM BAHAN R_v__ Year 6 S __ _ SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 83 - - 84 -
  • 43.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science 1.1 Understanding food spoilage Memahami kerosakan makanan Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria 1.2 Synthesising the concept of food preservation Sintesis konsep pengawetan makanan Drying Pengeringan FOOD PRESERVATION Pengawetan makanan Boiling Pemanasan Food spoilage Kerosakan makanan Characteristics of spoilt food Ciri-ciri makanan yang rosak Mind Maps – Science Fish, prawns, cuttlefish, fruits Ikan, udang, sotong, buah Meat ,fish, vegetables daging, ikan, sayur Cooling Pendinginan The conditions for microorganisms to grow Keadaan untuk mikroorganisma membesar Vegetables, fruits Sayur, buah Unpleasant smell Bau tidak menyenangkan Air Udara Pickling Penjerukan Fruits, vegetables Buah, sayur Unpleasant taste Rasa tidak menyenangkan Water Air Freezing Penyejukbekuan Chicken, meat, prawns, cuttlefish Ayam, daging, udang, sotong Changed colour Berubah warna Nutrients Zat makanan Pasteurising Pempausteran Milk, juices, ice cream Susu, jus, ais krim Changed texture Berubah jalinan Suitable temperature Suhu yang sesuai Smoking Pengasapan Meat, fish Daging, ikan Mouldy Berkulat Suitable acidity Keadaan asid yang sesuai Waxing Pelilinan Vegetables, fruits Sayur, buah Bottling/Canning Pembotolan/pengeti nan Meat, fish, fruits, vegetables Daging, ikan, buah, sayur Salting Pengasinan Fish, meat, eggs, vegetables, fruits Ikan, daging, telur, sayur, buah Vacuum packing Pembukusan vakum Nuts, crackers, powder milk Kacang, biskut, susu tepung Food Preservation Pengawetan makanan SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 85 - - 86 -
  • 44.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science 1.3 Realising the importance of preserving food Menyedari kepentingan pengawetan makanan Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 2.1 Understanding the effects of improper disposal of waste on the environment Memahami kesan kesalahan mengurus pembuangan bahan buangan kepada persekitaran Food Preservation Pengawetan makanan Waste Management Pegurusan bahan buangan The importance of preserving food Kepentingan pengawetan makanan Types of waste Jenis bahan To make last longer Tahan lebih lama To reduce wastage food Mengurangkan makanan terbuang Sources of waste Sumber bahan Plastics, glass, chemical waste, organic waste, metal Plastik, kaca, sisa kimia, sisa organik, logam Homes, factories, agriculture, motor vehicles Rumah, kilang, pertanian, kenderaan bermotor • Dispose of waste in the right place To make food easily to store Makanan lebih mudah disimpan Buang bahan buangan di tempat yang betul • Treat waste before disposing it into the drain Rawat bahan buangan sebelum ia mengalir keluar • Bury waste that can decay in soil Bakar bahan buangan yang boleh reput dalam tanah • Reuse of recycle waste Guna semula bahan kitar semula Proper Betul Ways of disposing waste Cara buang bahan buangan • Littering Tidak teratur • Open burning Improper Tidak betul SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar Pembakaran terbuka • Release of waste into the rivers Melepaskan bahan buangan ke dalam sungai • Release of smoke into the air Melepaskan asap ke udara SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 87 - - 88 -
  • 45.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 2.1 Understanding the effects of improper disposal of waste on the environment Memahami kesan kesalahan mengurus pembuangan bahan buangan kepada persekitaran Damages our lungs, initiates our eyes Merosakkan paru-paru.tidak elok dipandang Can kill fish and water plants Boleh membunuh ikan dan tumbuhan Water pollution Pencemaran air Air pollution Pencemaran udara Flash floods Banjir kilat Damage property Merosakkan harta Harmful effects of improper disposal of waste Kesan buruk daripada pembuangan bahan buangan yang tidak betul Sickness & diseases Kesakitan & penyakit Thypoid, dengue fever demam denggi Acid rain Hujan asid MENYIASAT BUMI & ALAM SEMESTA Can kill plants and erode building Boleh membunuh tumbuhan dan menghakis bangunan Year 4 2.1 Understanding the effects of improper disposal of waste on the environment Memahami kesan kesalahan mengurus pembuangan bahan buangan kepada persekitaran Waste that can decay Bahan buangan yang boleh reput Food, paper, wood Makanan, surat khabar, kayu Waste that does not decay Bahan buangan yang tidak boleh reput Plastics, glass, metal Plastik, gelas, logam Advantage : To make the soil fertiile Kelebihan : Untuk menyburkan tanah Disadvantage : Gives out poisonous gases Kelemahan : Mengeluarkan gas beracun SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 89 - - 90 -
  • 46.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science Sembilan planet -Natural satellites Satelit semulajadi -Meteors Meteor -Comets Komet -Asteroids Asteroid List of constituents Senarai pembentukan The solar system Sistem Solar Mind Maps – Science 1.2 Understanding the relative size and distance between the Earth, the Moon and the Sun Memahami perbandingan saiz dan jarak antara Bumi, Bulan dan Matahari 1.1 Understanding the Solar System Memahami Sistem Solar -Nine Planets Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mercury – My Utarid Venus – Very Zuhrah Earth – Excellent Bumi Mars – Mother Marikh Jupiter – Just Musytari Saturn – Served Zuhal Uranus – Us Uranus Neptune – Nine Neptun Pluto – Pudding Pluto the Sun Matahari 1 the Earth Bumi 100 the Earth Bumi 1 Size of the Sun relative to the size of the Earth. Saiz Matahari relatif saiz Bumi the Moon Bulan 4 Size of the Earth relative to the size of the Moon. Saiz Bumi relatif saiz Bulan The relative size and distance between the Earth, the Moon and the Sun Saiz dan jarak relatif di antara Bumi, Bulan dan The relative distance from the Earth to the Sun compared to the relative distance from the Earth to the Moon. Jarak relatif dari Bumi ke Matahari berbanding jarak relative dari Bumi ke Bulan List of planets Senarai planet Planets move around the Sun Planet beredar mengelilingi matahari the Earth Bumi the Sun Matahari SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar 382 500 km 150 000 000 km 1 the Moon Bulan : 400 SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 91 - - 92 -
  • 47.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science Earth in the Solar System Bumi dalam Sistem Solar Why certain planets are not conducive for living things. Mengapa sesetengah planet tidak sesuai untuk benda hidup Much nearer : Lebih dekat •The temperature on the Earth would rise. Suhu di bumi akan meningkat •Water on Earth would evaporate. Air di bumi akan tersejat •No water and the temperature would be very hot. Tiada air, suhu akan jadi lebih panas. Much farther : Lebih jauh •The temperature on the Earth would drop. Suhu di bumi akan menurun •Water would freeze into ice. Air akan membeku menjadi ais. •All living things would die. Semua benda hidup aka mati. The Earth is the only planet in the Solar System that has living things. Hanya planet Bumi dalam Sistem Solar yang mempunyai benda hidup Mind Maps – Science OUR SOLAR SYSTEM SISTEM SOLAR KITA 1.3 Appreciating the perfect placement of the planet Earth in the Solar System Menghargai kedudukan yang sempurna planet Bumi dalam Sistem Solar •The nearer a planet to the Sun is, the hotter is the surface of the planet. Planet yang dekat dengan matahari mempunyai permukaan yang paling panas •The farther a planet from the Sun is, the colder is the surface of the planet. Planet yang paling jauh dari matahari mempunyai perrmukaan yang paling sejuk. Do not have enough air and water. Tidak mempunyai air dan udara yang mencukupi Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MERCURY VENUS EARTH MARS JUPITER SATURN URANUS NEPTUNE PLUTO MY VERY EASY METHOD JUST STOP USING NINE PLANET MAKAN VITAMIN E MULUT JADI SENGET URAT AK PUTUS The nine planets from the sun. 9 Planet daripada Matahari. Effect Kesan • Earth is the third planet from the Sun, it receives enough light and heat from the Sun. Bumi adalah planet ketuga dari matahari, ia menerima cahaya dan haba secukupnya • It is not too hot or too cold. Ia tidak terlalu sejuk atau panas. • The atmosphere of the Earth contains air and there is water on Earth. Atmosfera bumi mengandungi udara dan air di bumi SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 93 - - 94 -
  • 48.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria 1.1 Mind Maps – Science Understanding the constellation Memahami buruj Planting Musim menanam Harvesting Musim menuai Desert Padang pasir Sea Laut Indicates Seasons Menunjukkan musim What constellation is Apa itu buruj MENYIASAT BUMI & ALAM SEMESTA Year 5 A group of stars that form a certain pattern in the sky Gugusan bintang-bintang di langit yang membentuk corak tertentu Show Directions Menunjukkan arah Importance of Constellation Kepentingan buruj Constellation Buruj Scorpion Kala jengking South Selatan June - August Southern Cross Pari South Selatan Scorpion Skorpio Identify Constellation Kenal pasti buruj April – June Kite or Cross Layang-layang atau Palang Big dipper Biduk Water dipper Gayung SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar North Utara Orion Belantik Hunter Pemburu North Utara December - January SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 95 - - 96 -
  • 49.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science 2.1 Understanding the movement of the Earth, the Moon and the Sun Memahami pergerakan Bumi, Bulan dan Matahari Earth rotates on it axis Bumi berputar pada paksinya Earth rotates and at the same time moves around the sun Bumi berputar dan pada masa yang sama bergerak mengelilingi matahari Moon rotates on it axis Bulan berputar pada paksinya The movements of the Earth, the Moon and the Sun Pergerakan Bumi,Bulan dan Matahari Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 2.1 Understanding the occurrence o day and night Memahami kejadian siang dan malam Night-time Waktu malam the Sun Matahari The earth rotates on its axis from west to east Bumi berputar pada paksinya the Earth Bumi Daytime Waktu siang Moon rotates and at the same time moves around the Earth Bulan berputar dan pada masa yang sama beredar mengeliligi Mathari It is day time for the part of the Earth facing the Sun. Pada waktu siang sebahagian Bumi menghadap Matahari At night part of Earth do not face Sun. Pada waktu malam sebahagian Bumi tidak menghadap matahari The occurrence of day and night Kejadian siang dan malam Axis Paksi The changes in length and position of the shadow throughout the day Perubahan panjang dan kedudukan bayang-bayang sepanjang hari Day and night occur due to the rotation of the Earth on its axis. Kejadian siang dan malam berlaku kerana putaran Bumi pada paksinya. The Moon and the Earth move round the Sun at the same time Bulan dan Bumi bergerak mengeliligi Matahari pada masa yang sama SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar West Barat East Timur SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 97 - - 98 -
  • 50.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 2.3 Understanding the phases of tne Moon Memahami fasa bulan Phases Of The Moon Fasa-fasa Bulan Describe the phases of the moon Menerangkan fasa-fasa bulan The Moon Does Not Emit Light Bulan tidak mengeluarkan cahaya MENYIASAT BUMI & ALAM SEMESTA Year 6 The Moon appear bright when it reflect sunlight Bulan jadi terang akibat pantulan cahaya matahari. 1-New moon, 1- Anak Bulan 3- New half moon, 3, Bulan separa baru 5- Full moon 5. – Bulan penuh 7- Old half moon Bulan separa lama SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 99 - - 100 -
  • 51.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 1.1 Understanding the eclipse of the moon Memahami gerhana bulan 1.2 Understanding the eclipse of the sun Memahami gerhana matahari Eclipse Gerhana Eclipse of The Moon Gerhana bulan Eclipse of The Sun Gerhana matahari The Earth is between the Sun and the Moon and the three of them lie in a straight line. Bumi berada di antara Matahari dan Bulan dan ketiga-tiganya berada dalam satu garis yang lurus The Earth blocks sunlight from reaching the Moon Bumi menghalang cahaya Matahari daripada sampai ke Bulan The Moon looks reddish, dark gray or brown Bulan kelihatan kemerahan, kelabu atau perang The Moon is between the Sun and the Earth and the three of them lie in a straight line. Bulan berada di antara Matahari dan Bumi dan ketiga-tiganya berada dalam satu garis yang lurus Sunlight is blocked by the Moon Cahaya Matahari dihalang oleh bulan The Moon shadow falls on the Earth surface Bayangbayang Bulan jatuh ke atas permukaan Bumi MENYIASAT DUNIA TEKNOLOGI Year 4 Daylight becomes dark during the total eclipse Hari siang menjadi gelap menjelang gerhana penuh SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 101 - - 102 -
  • 52.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science Mind Maps – Science 1.2 Understanding the development of technology Memahami pembangunan teknologi 1.1 Understanding the importance of technology in everyday life Memahami kepentingan teknologi dalam kehidupan seharian Importance of technology in everyday life Kepentingan teknologi dalam kehidupan seharian Limitation of human ability Had keupayaan manusia Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Agriculture Pertanian e.g.: hoe plough Lubang bajak Technology Teknologi Examples of human limitations are Contoh had keupayaan manusia • Unable to see fine objects Tidak boleh melihat objek yang kecil Development Of Technology Pembangunan teknologi Cave Gua hut wooden house pondok rumah kayu apartment rumah pangsa Examples Contoh •Unable to walk for long distance Tidak boleh berjalan jauh Transportation Pengangkutan •Unable to see far away objects Tidak boleh melihat objek yang jauh Microphone Mikrofon -To increase the voice volume Untuk meninggikan suara Telephone Telefon -To communicate from long distance Untuk berkomunikasi dari jarak yang jauh combine harvester mesin penuai Construction Pembinaan •Unable to speak loud Tidak boleh bercakap dengan kuat Microscope Mikroskop - The usage of lens to see fine features of objects and microbes Penggunaan kanta untuk melihat benda dan mikrob yang halus tractor traktor Devices to overcome human limitation Alat mengatsai had keupayaan manusia Bicycle, motorcycle, airplanes Basikal,motosikal , kapal terbang -Can travel long distance in a shorter time Boleh pergi ke tempat jauh dalam masa yang singkat Land:/ Darat Animal bicycle Haiwan basikal Air:/Udara Hot air balloon Belon panas Water:/Air Canoe raft Kenu rakit car kereta train kereta api airship glider aeroplane kapal udara glider kapal terbang sampan sampan ferry feri ship kapal Communication Komunikasi Drawing Lukisan carrier pigeon pembawa utusan telephone telefon Telescope, binocular Teleskop, binokular -To see far away objects Untuk melihat objek yang jauh SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 103 - - 104 -
  • 53.
    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science 1.3 Synthesising how technology can be used to solve problem Sintesis bagaimana teknologi boleh digunakan untuk menyelesaikan masalah Problems they encounter in their daily life Masalah yang dihadapi dalam kehidupan sehari Ideas to solve the problems identified Idea untuk menyelesaikan masalah dikenal pasti Cannot move and lift heavy thing Tidak boleh beregerak dan angkat benda berat Cannot move farther Tidak boleh bergerak jauh Brain storming Mencari idea Demonstrate that device invented can be used to solve the problem identified Demontrasi bahawa alat yang dicipta boleh digunakan untuk menyelesaikan masalah yang dikenal pasti Mind Maps – Science 1.4 Analysing that technology can benefit mankind if used misely Analisa bahawa teknologi memberi manfaat jika digunakan secara bijaksana Advantages of Technology Kelebihan teknologi •Communication Komunikasi Enable human to learn more about things happening around the world Membolehkan manusia mengetahui benda yang berlaku di seluruh dunia Sketch the model Lakar model Technology solve problems Teknologi menyelesaikan masalah Device to solve the problem identified. Alat untuk menyelesaikan masalah dikenalpasti Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Disadvantages of Technology Kelemahan teknologi Environmental pollution from increase in waste materials Pencemaran alam daripada penambahan sisa buangan •Transportation Pengangkutan Enable human to travel far away places in shorter time Membolehkan manusia pergi ke tempat jauh dalam masa yang singkat Wheel barrow Kereta sorong •Agriculture Lever Tuas Pertanian Machines make it easier to plants and harvest their crops Mesin memudahkan untuk menanam dan menuai Wheel barrow – can move heavy thing easily Kereta sorong-boleh mengangkat benda berat dengan senang Pulley – can lift everything Takal – boleh mengangkat apa sahaja SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar Environmental destruction result from excessive usage of natural resources Kemusnahan alam kesan daripada penggunaan sumber semulajadi yang berleluasa Social problem Masalah sosial Bad effects on health result from environmental pollution and excessive use of chemicals Kesan buruk kepada kesihatan kesa daripada pencemaran sekitar dan penggunaan bahan kimia secara berleluasa •Construction Pembinaan Roads, highways, bridges and building is easier and faster to build Memudahkan pembinaan jalan, lebuh raya,jambatan dan bangunan SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 105 - - 106 -
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    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science HUMAN LIMITATIONS AND WAYS TO OVERCOME KETIDAKUPAYAAN MANUSIA DAN CARA MENTASAINYA I can’t hear you. Saya tak dengar awak We can’t fly. Kami tak boleh terbang. I can’t walk, anymore. Saya tak boleh berjalan lagi. Can we save the data? Boleh tak kita simpan data ini? MENYIASAT DUNIA TEKNOLOGI Year 5 HOW TO OVERCOME THE PROBLEM? Use the phone Use the car Use the aeroplane Use the computer SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 107 - - 108 -
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    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science 1.1 Knowing the shapes of objects in structures. Mengetahui bentuk objek di dalam struktur Cylinder Silinder Cube Kiub Cuboid Kuboid Shapes of objects that are stable Bentuk benda yang stabil Strength and Stability Kekuatan dan Kestabilan Pyramid Piramid Cube, cone, cylinder Kiub.kon,silinder The factors that affect stability of objects Faktor-faktor yang memberi kesan kestabilan objek Sphere sfera Cylinder Silinder The factors that affect the strength of a structure Faktor-faktor yang memberi kesan sesuatu struktur Sphere Sfera Mind Maps – Science 1.2 Understanding the strength and stability of a structure. Memahami kekuatan dan kestabilan struktur. Identify shape in structure Mengenal pasti bentuk di dalam struktur The shape of objects Bentuk-bentuk benda Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Cone Kon Height , base area Ketinggian , luas tapak Types of materials used Steel, iron, wood Jenis bahan yang digunakan Keluli, besi, kayu Bigger base area more stable Semakin luas tapak bertambah kestabilan Smaller base area less stable Semakin kecil luas tapak kurang kestabilan Lower object more stable Semakin rendah objek bertambah kestabilan Higher object less stable Tinggi objek kurang kestabilan SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 109 - - 110 -
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    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science 1.1 Understanding simple machines Memahami mesin ringkas MACHINES Mesin Wedge Baji Screw Skru Year 6 Simple machines Mesin ringkas To fix two objects together Untuk mengetatkan dua benda bersama Gear Gear MENYIASAT DUNIA TEKNOLOGI To cut or separate objects Untuk memotong atau mengasing objek To move objects easily Untuk menggerakkan objek dengan mudah Pulley Takal To carry or to lift objects to higher place Untuk membawa atau mengangkat objek ke tempat tinggi Inclined plane Satah condong Lever Tuas Wheel and axle Roda dan gandar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar To lift heavy objects easier Untuk mengangkat objek dengan mudah To carry or move heavy objects easily Untuk membawa atau menggerak benda berat dengan mudah To carry or move heavy objects easily Untuk membawa atau menggerak benda berat dengan mudah SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 111 - - 112 -
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    Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria MindMaps – Science Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science Catatan : 1.2 Analysing a complex machines Analisa mesin yang kompleks Complex Machine Mesin kompleks Made up of more than one simple machine Terdiri lebih dari satu mesin ringkas e.g Wheelbarrow, bicycle, a pair of scissors, fishing rod Kereta sorong. basikal, gunting, rod pancing 1.3 Appreciating the invention of machines that make life easier Menghargai mesin yang dicipta membuatkan hidup menjadi senang To carry, move or lift heavy things more easily Untuk membawa atau mengangkat benda dengan mudah To travel from one place to another Untuk pergi dari satu tempat ke tempat yang lain Aeroplane, bus Kapal terbang, bas To make work faster Untuk membuat kerja lebih cepat Tractor Trektar To make communication with people faster and easier Untuk berkomunikasi dengan manusia lebih cepat dan mudah Computer, satelite Komputer, satelit To treat diseases Untuk mengesan penyakit Machine make life easier Mesin membuat kehidupan lebih mudah Crane, lift Kren, lif Dialysis machine Mesin dialisis SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 113 - - 114 -