1. Peru is located in South America and has a long history with both native groups and foreign powers like Spain controlling it at different points. 2. Some key facts about Peru are that it was home to advanced civilizations like the Inca Empire, has a diverse landscape and climate, and exports many agricultural commodities internationally. 3. Major cities, landmarks, and aspects of Peruvian culture include the capital city of Lima, the Andes mountains, and Catholicism as the dominant religion.