Slides for the "Performance Tools" presentation for Droidcon Bucharest. It is a talk about Traceview, Systrace and Battery Historian, with some practical, or better yet impractical examples. Description: The Android ecosystem has a lot of tools to help us out when it comes to development. We all use Android Studio, gradle and adb, for instance. We need to, as these are essential tools for building our products. But what about the tools that help us diagnose problems in our apps? This session is all about asking 2 very common questions: Why is my app stuttering or dropping below 60fps? Why are my users telling me that my app drains their batteries? Most of the times solving a problem means asking the right questions in order to find the right answers. So starting from these 2 questions, with concrete problem-code examples we will be using tools from Google to find our answers. I don't want it to be a secret, so I'm telling you that the tools we will be using the most will be Traceview and Battery Historian. We will also be looking at Profiling GPU Rendering and Debugging Overdraw. I know that these tools might look a bit scary or dull but I promise to keep it simple so that you walk away with information you can use at work the next day.

1. Performance Tools
Andrei Diaconu

2. Andrei Diaconu

3. Andrei Diaconu

4. Andrei Diaconu

5. Andrei Diaconu
• Cofounder of Android Iași

6. Andrei Diaconu
• Cofounder of Android Iași
• 5 years of Android

7. Andrei Diaconu
• Cofounder of Android Iași
• 5 years of Android
• Trainer & Speaker

9. Why is my app dropping below 60fps?

10. Why is my app dropping below 60fps?
Why is my app draining the battery?

11. Why is my app dropping below 60fps?

12. Why is my app dropping below 60fps?

13. Why is my app dropping below 60fps?
• Simple list

14. Why is my app dropping below 60fps?
• Simple list
• Items have some text

15. Why is my app dropping below 60fps?
• Simple list
• Items have some text

16. Why is my app dropping below 60fps?
• Simple list
• Items have some text
• Scroll is not smooth

17. • Scroll is not smooth

18. • Scroll is not smooth
Why?

19. • Scroll is not smooth
Why?
Can we make sure?

20. • Scroll is not smooth
Why?
Can we make sure?

21. Can we make sure?

22. Can we make sure?

23. Can we make sure?

24. Can we make sure?

26. Frames

27. Frames
Time

28. Frames
16ms line
Time

29. Frames
16ms line
Time
Choreographer: Skipped 34 frames! The application
may be doing too much work on its main thread.

31. Traceview

32. Traceview
• Measure how long each method takes to execute

33. Traceview
• Measure how long each method takes to execute
• Analyse measurements using Traceview

34. Traceview
• Measure how long each method takes to execute

35. Traceview
//Start in OnResume
Debug.startMethodTracing("bad_list");
• Measure how long each method takes to execute

36. Traceview
//Start in OnResume
Debug.startMethodTracing("bad_list");
//Stop in OnPause
Debug.stopMethodTracing();
• Measure how long each method takes to execute

37. Traceview
//Start in OnResume
Debug.startMethodTracing("bad_list");
//Stop in OnPause
Debug.stopMethodTracing();
//Grab using adb
adb pull
• Measure how long each method takes to execute

38. Traceview
//Start in OnResume
Debug.startMethodTracing("bad_list");
//Stop in OnPause
Debug.stopMethodTracing();
//Grab using adb
adb pull
• Measure how long each method takes to execute
//Grab using adb
adb pull /sdcard/bad_list.trace bad_list.trace

39. Traceview
//Start in OnResume
Debug.startMethodTracing("bad_list");
//Stop in OnPause
Debug.stopMethodTracing();
//Grab using adb
adb pull
• Measure how long each method takes to execute
//Needs permission
WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
//Grab using adb
adb pull /sdcard/bad_list.trace bad_list.trace

40. Traceview
//Start in OnResume
Debug.startMethodTracing("bad_list");
//Stop in OnPause
Debug.stopMethodTracing();
//Grab using adb
adb pull
• Measure how long each method takes to execute
//Needs permission
WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
//Grab using adb
adb pull /sdcard/bad_list.trace bad_list.trace

41. Traceview
• Measure how long each method takes to execute

42. Traceview
• Measure how long each method takes to execute

43. Traceview
• Measure how long each method takes to execute
• Analyse measurements using Traceview• Analyse measurements using Traceview

44. Traceview
• Measure how long each method takes to execute
• Analyse measurements using Traceview
• Analyse measurements using Traceview

45. Traceview
• Measure how long each method takes to execute
• Analyse measurements using Traceview
• Analyse measurements using Traceview

46. Traceview
• Measure how long each method takes to execute
• Analyse measurements using Traceview
• Analyse measurements using Traceview

53. ~ 2 seconds

54. ~ 200 ms

55. Adaptor -> getView()
~ 200 ms

57. inflate()

58. inflate() 4 x Html.fromHtml()

59. @Override
public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext())
.inflate(R.layout.item_jumpy_list, parent, false);
TextView text1 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text1);
TextView text2 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text2);
TextView text3 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text3);
TextView text4 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text4);
String string1 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_number_x, position);
String string2 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_description);
String string3 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_details);
String string4 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_related);
text1.setText(Html.fromHtml(string1));
text2.setText(Html.fromHtml(string2));
text3.setText(Html.fromHtml(string3));
text4.setText(Html.fromHtml(string4));
return view;
}

60. @Override
public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext())
.inflate(R.layout.item_jumpy_list, parent, false);
TextView text1 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text1);
TextView text2 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text2);
TextView text3 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text3);
TextView text4 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text4);
String string1 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_number_x, position);
String string2 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_description);
String string3 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_details);
String string4 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_related);
text1.setText(Html.fromHtml(string1));
text2.setText(Html.fromHtml(string2));
text3.setText(Html.fromHtml(string3));
text4.setText(Html.fromHtml(string4));
return view;
}

61. @Override
public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext())
.inflate(R.layout.item_jumpy_list, parent, false);
TextView text1 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text1);
TextView text2 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text2);
TextView text3 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text3);
TextView text4 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text4);
String string1 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_number_x, position);
String string2 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_description);
String string3 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_details);
String string4 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_related);
text1.setText(Html.fromHtml(string1));
text2.setText(Html.fromHtml(string2));
text3.setText(Html.fromHtml(string3));
text4.setText(Html.fromHtml(string4));
return view;
}

62. @Override
public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext())
.inflate(R.layout.item_jumpy_list, parent, false);
TextView text1 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text1);
TextView text2 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text2);
TextView text3 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text3);
TextView text4 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text4);
String string1 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_number_x, position);
String string2 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_description);
String string3 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_details);
String string4 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_related);
text1.setText(Html.fromHtml(string1));
text2.setText(Html.fromHtml(string2));
text3.setText(Html.fromHtml(string3));
text4.setText(Html.fromHtml(string4));
return view;
}

63. @Override
public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
No recycling
No View Holder
Html.fromHtml is slow
return view;
}

65. But 200ms?
Isn't this a bit much?

66. But 200ms?
Isn't this a bit much?
Method tracking has a big impact itself

68. Systrace
measure at kernel level

69. Systrace

70. Systrace

71. Systrace

72. Systrace

73. Systrace
It will run for 5 seconds
Hit Ok and scroll the list

75. Alert: Inflation during ListView recycling
Time spent: 103.545 ms
ListView items inflated: 20

81. @Override
public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext())
.inflate(R.layout.item_jumpy_list, parent, false);
TextView text1 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text1);
TextView text2 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text2);
TextView text3 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text3);
TextView text4 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text4);
String string1 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_number_x, position);
String string2 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_description);
String string3 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_details);
String string4 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_related);
text1.setText(Html.fromHtml(string1));
text2.setText(Html.fromHtml(string2));
text3.setText(Html.fromHtml(string3));
text4.setText(Html.fromHtml(string4));
return view;
}

82. @Override
public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
Trace.beginSection("inflating");
View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext())
.inflate(R.layout.item_jumpy_list, parent, false);
Trace.endSection();
Trace.beginSection("noViewHolder");
TextView text1 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text1);
TextView text2 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text2);
TextView text3 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text3);
TextView text4 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text4);
Trace.endSection();
String string1 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_number_x, position);
String string2 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_description);
String string3 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_details);
String string4 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_related);
Trace.beginSection("fromHtml");
text1.setText(Html.fromHtml(string1));
text2.setText(Html.fromHtml(string2));
text3.setText(Html.fromHtml(string3));
text4.setText(Html.fromHtml(string4));
Trace.endSection();
return view;
}

85. inflating

86. inflating noViewHolder

87. inflating noViewHolder
fromHtml

89. • obtainView = ~5ms

90. • obtainView = ~5ms
• doFrame = ~20 * obtainView

91. • obtainView = ~5ms
• doFrame = ~20 * obtainView
• each frame = ~100ms

92. • obtainView = ~5ms
• doFrame = ~20 * obtainView
• each frame = ~100ms
Alert: Inflation during ListView recycling
Time spent: 103.545 ms
ListView items inflated: 20

94. Why is my app dropping below 60fps?

95. Why is my app dropping below 60fps?
Why is my app draining the battery?

96. Why is my app draining the battery?

97. Why is my app draining the battery?
What is a wake lock?

98. Why is my app draining the battery?

99. Why is my app draining the battery?
Battery Historian 2.0

100. Why is my app draining the battery?
Battery Historian 2.0

101. Why is my app draining the battery?
Battery Historian 2.0
adb bugreport > bugreport.txt

102. Why is my app draining the battery?
Battery Historian 2.0
adb bugreport > bugreport.txt
go run battery-historian.go

103. Why is my app draining the battery?
Battery Historian 2.0
adb bugreport > bugreport.txt
go run battery-historian.go
open http://127.0.0.1:9999

120. public static class UselessWorker {
Runnable uselessWorker = new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
PowerManager pm = (PowerManager) BadApplication.instance
.getSystemService(Context.POWER_SERVICE);
PowerManager.WakeLock wakeLock =
pm.newWakeLock(PowerManager.PARTIAL_WAKE_LOCK, "cool wakelock tag");
wakeLock.acquire();
//Some useless, but hard work
wakeLock.release();
try {
Thread.sleep(45 * 1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
work();
}
}
};
private void work() {
new Thread(uselessWorker, "cool thread name").start();
}
}
public static class UselessWorker {
Runnable uselessWorker = new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
PowerManager pm = (PowerManager) BadApplication.instance
.getSystemService(Context.POWER_SERVICE);
PowerManager.WakeLock wakeLock =
pm.newWakeLock(PowerManager.PARTIAL_WAKE_LOCK, "cool wakelock tag");
wakeLock.acquire();
//Some useless, but hard work
wakeLock.release();
try {
Thread.sleep(45 * 1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
work();
}
}
};
private void work() {
new Thread(uselessWorker, "cool thread name").start();
}
}

121. public static class UselessWorker {
Runnable uselessWorker = new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
PowerManager pm = (PowerManager) BadApplication.instance
.getSystemService(Context.POWER_SERVICE);
PowerManager.WakeLock wakeLock =
pm.newWakeLock(PowerManager.PARTIAL_WAKE_LOCK, "cool wakelock tag");
wakeLock.acquire();
//Some useless, but hard work
wakeLock.release();
try {
Thread.sleep(45 * 1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
work();
}
}
};
private void work() {
new Thread(uselessWorker, "cool thread name").start();
}
}
public static class UselessWorker {
Runnable uselessWorker = new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
PowerManager pm = (PowerManager) BadApplication.instance
.getSystemService(Context.POWER_SERVICE);
PowerManager.WakeLock wakeLock =
pm.newWakeLock(PowerManager.PARTIAL_WAKE_LOCK, "cool wakelock tag");
wakeLock.acquire();
//Some useless, but hard work
wakeLock.release();
try {
Thread.sleep(45 * 1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
work();
}
}
};
private void work() {
new Thread(uselessWorker, "cool thread name").start();
}
}

122. public static class UselessWorker {
Runnable uselessWorker = new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
PowerManager pm = (PowerManager) BadApplication.instance
.getSystemService(Context.POWER_SERVICE);
PowerManager.WakeLock wakeLock =
pm.newWakeLock(PowerManager.PARTIAL_WAKE_LOCK, "cool wakelock tag");
wakeLock.acquire();
//Some useless, but hard work
wakeLock.release();
try {
Thread.sleep(45 * 1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
work();
}
}
};
private void work() {
new Thread(uselessWorker, "cool thread name").start();
}
}
public static class UselessWorker {
Runnable uselessWorker = new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
PowerManager pm = (PowerManager) BadApplication.instance
.getSystemService(Context.POWER_SERVICE);
PowerManager.WakeLock wakeLock =
pm.newWakeLock(PowerManager.PARTIAL_WAKE_LOCK, "cool wakelock tag");
wakeLock.acquire();
//Some useless, but hard work
wakeLock.release();
try {
Thread.sleep(45 * 1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
work();
}
}
};
private void work() {
new Thread(uselessWorker, "cool thread name").start();
}
}

123. public static class UselessWorker {
Runnable uselessWorker = new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
PowerManager pm = (PowerManager) BadApplication.instance
.getSystemService(Context.POWER_SERVICE);
PowerManager.WakeLock wakeLock =
pm.newWakeLock(PowerManager.PARTIAL_WAKE_LOCK, "cool wakelock tag");
wakeLock.acquire();
//Some useless, but hard work
wakeLock.release();
try {
Thread.sleep(45 * 1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
work();
}
}
};
private void work() {
new Thread(uselessWorker, "cool thread name").start();
}
}
public static class UselessWorker {
Runnable uselessWorker = new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
PowerManager pm = (PowerManager) BadApplication.instance
.getSystemService(Context.POWER_SERVICE);
PowerManager.WakeLock wakeLock =
pm.newWakeLock(PowerManager.PARTIAL_WAKE_LOCK, "cool wakelock tag");
wakeLock.acquire();
//Some useless, but hard work
wakeLock.release();
try {
Thread.sleep(45 * 1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
work();
}
}
};
private void work() {
new Thread(uselessWorker, "cool thread name").start();
}
}

124. ?
?
Questions
http://j.mp/fps60
http://j.mp/androidiasi