A pediatrician is a medical doctor who specializes in the care of infants, children, and adolescents. It takes around 11 years of education after high school to become a pediatrician, including 4 years of college, 4 years of medical school, 1 year of pediatric internship, and 2 years of pediatric residency. Pediatricians use tools like a stethoscope, otoscope, tongue depressor, and blood pressure cuff to examine their young patients.