The document provides information about Altacit, an intellectual property firm, including their office addresses and contact details. It then discusses various topics related to patents, including the meaning of a patent, patent pools, the patent pool process, benefits of patent pools, the definition and objective of antitrust laws, and examples of relevant case laws on antitrust like United States v. Trans-Missouri Freight Association and Chicago Board of Trade v. United States.

1. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
PATENT POOL AND ANTITRUST
SUCHITRA BAI
PATENT DEPARTMENT

2. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
MEANING OF PATENT
A patent is a legal document, granted for any
novel, non-obvious and utility product or
process, by a state to an inventor for a
statutorily specified period of time upon the
disclosure of his invention in a document
known as the patent specification. The patent
confers the owner/inventor with an exclusive
monopoly rights over his invention,
preventing others from exploiting his
invention to which the patent has been issued.

3. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
MEANING OF PATENT POOL
A patent pool is an agreement between two or more
patent owners to license one or more of their
patents to one another or third parties.
A patent pool may also be defined as “the aggregation
of intellectual property rights which are the subject
of cross-licensing, whether they are transferred
directly by patentee to licensee or through some
medium, such as a joint venture, set up specifically
to administer the patent pool.”

4. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
PATENT POOL PROCESS
PATENT

5. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
PATENT POOL PROCESS
A patent pool is a simple system where patent-
owners voluntarily give their patents to a central
organization that then licenses them to other
companies and researchers. Companies that make
unbranded drugs and researchers that want to use the
patents to develop new versions of the drugs can
access the patents in the Pool in exchange for paying
a fair royalty to the patent owners. The Pool acts as a
‘one-stop-shop’ for managing the negotiations and
receiving and paying the royalties.

6. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
BENEFITS
Patent pools provide many benefits for licensees
including:
 Offers practical way to overcome patent barriers, which
encourages competition and leads to lower prices.
 Avoiding protracted negotiations on licensing terms and
conditions with each patent owner through a single
point of contact « one stop shop »
 Clearing of blocking positions.
 Gaining competitive advantage by getting products to
market more quickly.
 Making the technology accessible to all users on fair,
reasonable, and non-discriminatory terms and
conditions.

7. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
• Antitrust laws are referred to as
"competition laws" - are statutes
developed by the U.S. Government
to protect consumers from
predatory business practices by
ensuring that fair competition
exists in an open-market economy.
DEFINITION OF
ANTITRUST

8. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
[CONTD…
• Antitrust laws are applied to a wide range of
questionable business activities, including but
not limited to:
Market Allocation:
• Suppose my company operates in the
Northeast and your company does business in
the Southwest. If you agree to stay out of my
territory, I won't enter yours, and because the
costs of doing business are so high that
startups have no chance of competing, we
both have a de facto monopoly.

9. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
CONTD…
• Bid Rigging:
There are three companies in an industry, and
all three decide to quietly operate as a cartel.
Company 1 will win the current auction, so
long as it allows Company 2 to win the next
and Company 3 to win thereafter. Each
company plays this game so that all retain
current market share and price, thereby
preventing competition.

10. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
CONTD…
• Price Fixing:
My company and your company are the
only two companies in our industry, and
our products are so similar that the
consumer is indifferent between the two
except for price. In order to avoid a
price war, we sell our products at the
same price to maintain margin, resulting
in higher costs than the consumer would
otherwise pay.

11. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
OBJECTIVE OF ANTITRUST
LAW
• The antitrust laws prescribe unlawful mergers and
business practices in general terms, leaving courts to
decide which ones are illegal based on the facts of
each case. Courts have applied the antitrust laws to
changing markets, from a time of horse and buggies
to the present digital age. Yet for over 100 years, the
antitrust laws have had the same basic objective:
• to protect the process of competition for the benefit
of consumers,
• making sure there are strong incentives for
businesses to operate efficiently, keep prices down,
and
• keep quality up.

12. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
CASE LAWS
• In the first case, United States v. Trans-Missouri
Freight Association, the Supreme Court found
that railroad companies had acted unlawfully by
setting up an organisation to fix transport prices.
The railroads had protested that their intention
was to keep prices low, not high. The court found
that this was not true, but stated that not every
"restraint of trade" in a literal sense could be
unlawful. Just as under the common law, the
restraint of trade had to be "unreasonable".

13. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
CHICAGO BOARD OF
TRADE V. UNITED STATES
• The Supreme Court found a "good" restraint of trade.
The Chicago Board of Trade had a rule that commodities
traders were not allowed to privately agree to sell or buy
after the market's closing time (and then finalise the
deals when it opened the next day). The reason for the
Board of Trade having this rule was to ensure that all
traders had an equal chance to trade at a transparent
market price. It plainly restricted trading, but the
Chicago Board of Trade argued this was beneficial.
Brandeis J., giving judgment for a unanimous Supreme
Court, held the rule to be pro-competitive, and comply
with the rule of reason. It did not violate the Sherman
Act.

14. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
THANK YOU