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Past Simple Tense
Past = verleden

Simple = onvoltooid

Onvoltooid verleden tijd

Tense = tijd
Past Simple Tense
onvoltooid verleden tijd



In het Nederlands: ik werkte

ik liep

– het brandde

– hij zwom
Wanneer gebruik je de Past Simple?


Acties of situaties in het verleden
– James Watt improved the steam engine in the 18th century.



Vroegere gewoontes
– James spent a lot of time in his father’s workshop.



Opeenvolgende acties in het verleden
– James returned to Glasgow and he started a small instrument making business.
Signaalwoorden die het gebruik van de
Past Simple kunnen aangeven


Bijwoordelijke bepalingen van tijd:
– ago:


a minute ago, an hour ago.

– yesterday
– last … :


last night, last Tuesday, last week, last weekend, last month, last year.

– in … :




in 1984, in the 18th century.

Bijwoorden van regelmaat om een vroegere gewoonte aan te geven:
– always, sometimes, never, seldom, usually, normally, generally, often, frequently,
occasionally, hardly ever, rarely.
Wat is de vorm van een werkwoord
in de Past Simple?


De vorm van een werkwoord (= spelling) hangt af van:
– Met wat voor soort zin je te maken hebt:


Vraagzin: zin die eindigt met een ?



Ontkennende zin: zin met het bijwoord ‘not’



Overig: bevestigende zin

– En indien het een bevestigende (+) zin is:
met wat voor soort werkwoord je te maken hebt
Zwak werkwoord: vaste regel
 Sterk werkwoord: vaste vorm

Vorm werkwoord 

Zwak werkwoord:
– hele werkwoord + ed




The spider attacked its prey.

Sterk werkwoord:
– vaste vorm
Zie tabel Onregelmatige werkwoorden
 The spider crept up the wall.

Vorm werkwoord 

did not + hele werkwoord
– The spider did not attack its prey.
– The spider did not creep up the wall.
Vorm werkwoord 

did + onderwerp + hele werkwoord?
– Did the spider attack its prey?
– Did the spider creep up the wall?
Uitzonderingen in de Past Simple


Het werkwoord to be volgt deze regels niet:
+ zin

- zin

? zin

I/he/she/it

was

was not

was + ond?

you, we, you, they

were

were not

were + ond?

–
–
–
–

Aragog was a blind spider.
He was the size of a small elephant.
Aragog was not the monster of the Chamber.
Was he Hagrid’s pet?
Uitzonderingen in de Past Simple


Regelmatig werkwoord dat eindigt op medeklinker + y:
– y → ie
try → tryed → tried, marry → married, carry → carried, study → studied
 Vergelijk: play → played, destroy → destroyed




Regelmatig werkwoord van één lettergreep dat eindigt op
medeklinker + klinker + medeklinker:
– Laatste medeklinker verdubbeld:
stop → stopped, ban → banned
 Vergelijk: kiss → kissed, hook → hooked, joke → joked




Regelmatig werkwoord dat eindigt op een stomme ‘e’:
– hele werkwoord + d


phone → phoned, close → closed
Werkwijze bij zinnen in de Past Simple

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Past simple

  • 1. Past Simple Tense Past = verleden Simple = onvoltooid Onvoltooid verleden tijd Tense = tijd
  • 2. Past Simple Tense onvoltooid verleden tijd  In het Nederlands: ik werkte ik liep – het brandde – hij zwom
  • 3. Wanneer gebruik je de Past Simple?  Acties of situaties in het verleden – James Watt improved the steam engine in the 18th century.  Vroegere gewoontes – James spent a lot of time in his father’s workshop.  Opeenvolgende acties in het verleden – James returned to Glasgow and he started a small instrument making business.
  • 4. Signaalwoorden die het gebruik van de Past Simple kunnen aangeven  Bijwoordelijke bepalingen van tijd: – ago:  a minute ago, an hour ago. – yesterday – last … :  last night, last Tuesday, last week, last weekend, last month, last year. – in … :   in 1984, in the 18th century. Bijwoorden van regelmaat om een vroegere gewoonte aan te geven: – always, sometimes, never, seldom, usually, normally, generally, often, frequently, occasionally, hardly ever, rarely.
  • 5. Wat is de vorm van een werkwoord in de Past Simple?  De vorm van een werkwoord (= spelling) hangt af van: – Met wat voor soort zin je te maken hebt:  Vraagzin: zin die eindigt met een ?  Ontkennende zin: zin met het bijwoord ‘not’  Overig: bevestigende zin – En indien het een bevestigende (+) zin is: met wat voor soort werkwoord je te maken hebt Zwak werkwoord: vaste regel  Sterk werkwoord: vaste vorm 
  • 6. Vorm werkwoord  Zwak werkwoord: – hele werkwoord + ed   The spider attacked its prey. Sterk werkwoord: – vaste vorm Zie tabel Onregelmatige werkwoorden  The spider crept up the wall. 
  • 7. Vorm werkwoord  did not + hele werkwoord – The spider did not attack its prey. – The spider did not creep up the wall.
  • 8. Vorm werkwoord  did + onderwerp + hele werkwoord? – Did the spider attack its prey? – Did the spider creep up the wall?
  • 9. Uitzonderingen in de Past Simple  Het werkwoord to be volgt deze regels niet: + zin - zin ? zin I/he/she/it was was not was + ond? you, we, you, they were were not were + ond? – – – – Aragog was a blind spider. He was the size of a small elephant. Aragog was not the monster of the Chamber. Was he Hagrid’s pet?
  • 10. Uitzonderingen in de Past Simple  Regelmatig werkwoord dat eindigt op medeklinker + y: – y → ie try → tryed → tried, marry → married, carry → carried, study → studied  Vergelijk: play → played, destroy → destroyed   Regelmatig werkwoord van één lettergreep dat eindigt op medeklinker + klinker + medeklinker: – Laatste medeklinker verdubbeld: stop → stopped, ban → banned  Vergelijk: kiss → kissed, hook → hooked, joke → joked   Regelmatig werkwoord dat eindigt op een stomme ‘e’: – hele werkwoord + d  phone → phoned, close → closed
  • 11. Werkwijze bij zinnen in de Past Simple