4. Hormone and
neurotransmitter of
the catecholamine
and Phenethylamine
families
A chemical released
from nerve cells to
communicate to other
nerve cells in our
body.
Helps to control our
body and emotion
5. Functions as a
neurotransmitter
Main function:
inhibit the release of
prolactin from the
anterior lobe of the
pituitary.
Other Functions:
behavior and
cognition, voluntary
movement, motivation,
punishment and
reward, sleep, mood,
attention, working
memory, and learning.
6. Neurons that produces
dopamine in substancia
nigra stop functioning.
The brain is unable to
control patient’s
movement, including
automatic pilot, and
emotion.
8. Alternative causes
Some drugs such as
antipsychotics for paranoia
and schizophrenia can
cause patients other
sickness such as Shy-
Danger syndrome, blood
vessel disorders
Environmental factors are
not confirmed that they
take important roll of PD,
but scientists suggested
that rural livings that have
a problem of drinking
water, manganese, and
pesticides are the main
cause of PD.
9. Complications of PD
Suffer from
schizophrenia and some
personality disorders.
Patients’ appearances
became worse when
they can’t stand up
straight for a long time.
10. Genetic inheritance
PD rarely makes patient’s
child suffer from PD by
his/her own parents.
Some genes of PD is
autosomal dominant, some
are recessive.
Inheritance of PD rarely
occurs from parent to child.
Even if it happens, recessive
genes will not show unless 2
genes of both parents are both
affected.
And PD diseased genes are
also really hard to develop, so
PD has a very small chance of
inheriting from parent to child.
11. In 1991 when Michael J.
Fox working on Doc
Hollywood, he notice in
his left little finger was
tremor and that is first
time diagnosis will be
Parkinson’s
Symptom : His entire left
side tremor
12. He took Sinemet (levodopa-
carbidopa medicine
combination) to make him
move smoothly again.
Levodapa pretends to work
as dopamine.
Corbidopa works like a guard
of levodopa and prevents it to
break down during
transportation.
He also had a brain surgery
to take out tremors because
the cells that originally
produces dopamine died.
13. 1991 first diagnose with
Parkinson’s (left little
finger twitch)
1999: Announce to battle
Parkinson
2001: Start cure for
Parkinson
2010: brain surgery
14. • Improved
• ways to do rehabilitation
• psychological interventions
• Increased understanding
• Genetic factors
• Relationship between genes and
environment
• nerve growth factors and their role in
PD
