Orthodontics at young age.

1. ORTHODONTICS AT A
GLANCE
DR. ISHFAQ AHMAD
BDS, BCS, MCPS, MS
RAJSHAHI MEDICAL COLLEGE, DENTAL UNIT

2. ORTHODONTICS AND DENTOFACIAL
ORTHOPEDICS
• MEANS A BRANCH AND A SPECIALTY OF DENTISTRY CONCERNED WITH THE
SUPERVISION, GUIDANCE AND CORRECTION OF THE GROWING OR MATURE
DENTOFACIAL STRUCTURES AND THE DIAGNOSIS, PREVENTION AND
TREATMENT OF ANY ABNORMALITIES ASSOCIATED WITH THESE STRUCTURES.
• IN THE MAJORITY OF CASES, A MALOCCLUSION DOES NOT IN ITSELF REPRESENT
A DISEASE STATE, BUT RATHER A VARIATION FROM WHAT IS CONSIDERED IDEAL.
IT IS THEREFORE IMPORTANT FOR THE ORTHODONTIST TO HAVE A CLEAR
DEFIITION OF WHAT IS MEANT BY AN IDEAL OCCLUSION, AS THIS WILL FORM A
BASIS FOR DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT PLANNING.
IDEAL OCCLUSION.

3. IDEAL OCCLUSION
• IDEAL OCCLUSION IS THE HARMONIOUS STATIC AND DYNAMIC
RELATIONSHIP OF TEETH AND JAWS THAT DENTISTS WOULD LIKE TO
REPRODUCE WHEN RESTORING A PATIENT’S ENTIRE MOUTH TO GOOD
FORM AND FUNCTION

4. NORMAL OCCLUSION
• FOR NORMAL OCCLUSION TO OCCUR THERE MUST BE
ALIGNMENT OF THE MESIOBUCCAL CUSP OF THE MAXILLARY
FIRST MOLAR WITH THE BUCCAL GROOVE OF
THE MANDIBULAR FIRST MOLAR. THIS MEETING OF THE
MOLARS RESULTS IN ALIGNMENT OF THE TEETH SUCH THAT
MAXILLARY AND MANDIBULAR MIDLINES ARE PARALLEL AND
A NORMAL OVERBITE EXISTS (GALLOIS, 2006). NORMAL
OCCLUSION PRESENTS A STRAIGHT LINE WHEN VIEWED
LATERALLY FROM THE GLABELLA THROUGH PROSTHION—THE
POINT BETWEEN THE CENTRAL INCISORS OF THE MAXILLA AT
THE ALVEOLAR BORDER—TO THE TIP OF THE CHIN AT
MIDLINE AS SHOWN.

5. ANDREW’S SIX KEYS OF OCCLUSION

6. KEY 1: MOLAR RELATIONSHIP

7. KEY 2: CROWN ANGULATION

8. KEY 3: CROWN INCLINATION

9. KEY 4: ABSENCE OF ROTATION

10. KEY 5: TIGHT CONTACT

11. KEY 6: FLAT OCCLUSAL PLAN

12. NORMAL OCCLUSION OF ADULT

13. FEATURES OF DECIDUOUS DENTITION
• THE ARCHES ARE SEMI-CIRCULAR IN SHAPE
• THE INCISORS ARE SPACED, UPRIGHT AND ASSOCIATED WITH DEEPBITE
• PRIMATE OR ANTHROPOID SPACES ARE PRESENT
• THE MOLAR AND CANINE RELATIONSHIP IS CLASS I
• THE DISTAL EDGES OF THE SECOND PRIMARY MOLARS ARE FLUSH IN THE
VERTICAL PLANE.

14. PRIMATE SPACE, DEEP BITE AND FLASH
TERMINAL PLAN

15. NORMAL OCCLUSION IN DECIDUOUS
DENTITION

16. TERMINAL PLAN RELATION

17. EFFECTS OF TERMINAL
PLAN
• THE PRIMARY SECOND MOLAR
RELATIONSHIP
CAN GIVE CLUES TO THE
EVENTUAL PERMANENT MOLAR
RELATIONSHIP.

18. DEVELOPING EARLY DUCKLING STAGE

19. MALOCCLUSION
• 'AN ABNORMAL OCCLUSION IN
WHICH TEETH ARE NOT IN A
NORMAL POSITION IN RELATION
TO ADJACENT TEETH IN THE SAME
JAW AND/OR THE OPPOSING
TEETH WHEN THE JAWS ARE
CLOSED'. IT IS DEFINED BY
ORTHODONTISTS AS 'AN
APPRECIABLE DEVIATION FROM
IDEAL OCCLUSION'.

20. DENTAL MALOCCLUSION

23. INTRA ARCH MALOCCUSION

24. INTERARCH MALOCLLUSION

25. SAGITTAL PLAN

26. VERTICAL PLAN AND TRANSVERSE PLAN

27. SKELETAL MALOCCLUSION

28. MAOCCLUSION IN RADIOGRAPH

33. MANAGING MALOCCLUSTION

35. EARLY TREATMENT IN ANTERIOR CROSSBITE

36. EARLY TREATMENT IN ANTERIOR CROSSBITE

37. EARLY TREATMENT OF POSTERIOR CROSSBITE

38. EARLY TREATMENT OF POSTERIOR CROSSBITE

39. EARLY TREATMENT OF BILATERAL CROSSBITE

40. EARLY TREATMENT OF BILATERAL CROSSBITE

41. EARLY TREATMENT OF BILATERAL CROSSBITE

42. EARLY TREATMENT OF BILATERAL CROSSBITE

43. MANAGEMENT OF INCISOR DIASTEMA

44. CORRECTING MEDIAN DIASTEMA WITH URA

45. CORRECTION OF MEDIAN DIASTEMA

46. CORRECTION OF MEDIAN DIASTEMA

47. MEDIAL DIASTEMA DUE TO TONGUE
THURSTING

48. URA WITH TONGUE CRIB

49. OPEN BITE DUE TO THUMB SUCKING

50. CORRECTION OF OPENBITE

53. CLASS III WITH TWIN
BLOCK APPLIANCE

54. GENERALISED SPACING
WITH FIXED APPLIANCE

55. CORRECTION OF DEEPBITE WITH FIXED
APPLIANCE

56. COMPLEX CASE WITH EXTREME AGE