Operation Enduring Freedom was launched in October 2001 in response to the 9/11 attacks. The U.S. demanded that the Taliban hand over Osama bin Laden and destroy terrorist camps, but the Taliban refused. The U.S. began bombing al-Qaeda and Taliban forces. Key battles included the Battle of Tora Bora in late 2001, where around 220 terrorists were killed. By 2004, Hamid Karzai had been elected as Afghanistan's first democratic leader. The operation continues today with support from over 50 countries and has rebuilt infrastructure, though insurgent attacks persist.

1. Operation Enduring Freedom(6)

2. Operation Enduring Freedom – The invasion of Afghanistan in response to the attacks on 9/11/01.Date – 10/5/01 to present day. (20)(4)

3. 9/11/013,000 Americans Killed()Over 6,000 injured()Over 2,800 Americans Killed.(21)

4. Over 6,000 injured.(22)(16)

5. America’s Demands to the Taliban“Deliver to the U.S. all of the leaders of al-QaedaRelease all imprisoned foreign nationals Close immediately every terrorist training campHand over every terrorist and their supporters to appropriate authorities Give the United States full access to terrorist training camps for inspection”.(23)

6. October 7th, 2001 – Taliban refuses demands, offers to try Osama in Islamic court.(23)America outraged, beings bombing terrorist forces.(23)(11)

7. Fighting Style of the al Qaeda's al Qaeda often dress in civilian cloths.(9)Use mentally impaired women and children as remote suicide bombs.(9)Young boys report sodomy/torture, forced to commit heinous acts such as beheadings.(9)Suicide Bombings often target civilians and schools (9)(12)(11)(15)

8. The Battle of Tora BoraTora Bora – Network of tunnels in the white mountains in eastern Afghanistan.(8)

9. Around 220 terrorist casualties. (10)

10. 52 captured. (10)

11. No American casualties. (27)(2)

12. October 2004“HamidKarzai becomes the first democratically-elected leader of Afghanistan”.(13)(13)

13. Support for Operation Enduring FreedomSupport came from over 50 countries. (24)Including: Germany, UK, China, France, Egypt, France, Irelandand Italy. (24)(7)

14. ResultsNew schools and mosques built. (26) Millions in aid distributed. (25)Estimated 30,000 insurgents killed to date. (5)(1)(14)