OOP_Introduction_Presentation in c++

1. EVOLUTION OF OOP
• Early computing used unstructured code.
• Then came structured programming (like C).
• Limitations arose in handling complexity, data
security, and modularity.
• This led to the evolution of Object-Oriented
Programming (OOP).

2. PROCEDURE ORIENTED
PROGRAMMING
• Focuses on functions or procedures.
• Data is secondary.
• Example languages: C, Pascal.
• Functions share global data.
• Modularity through function blocks.
• Hard to manage for large systems.

3. POP - STRUCTURE
• Main() calls other functions.
• Functions are written to perform specific
tasks.
• Data passed among functions.
• No security of data.
• Difficult to scale.

4. LIMITATIONS OF PROCEDURE
ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
• - Data insecurity
• - Code duplication
• - Poor real-world modeling
• - Difficult to maintain large codebases
• - Hard to reuse code

5. WHY OOP?
• Solves limitations of POP.
• Models real-world objects.
• Supports code reusability.
• Enhances data security.
• Easier maintenance and scalability.

6. OOP PARADIGM
• Object-Oriented Paradigm treats data and
functions as a single unit - OBJECT.
• Focus on classes and objects.
• Popular in software development for large
systems.

7. FEATURES OF OOP
• - Encapsulation
• - Abstraction
• - Inheritance
• - Polymorphism
• These provide security, flexibility, and reuse.

8. OBJECTS AND CLASSES
• Object: Instance of a class
• Class: Blueprint for object creation
• Objects have attributes and behaviors
• Multiple objects can be created from one class

9. ENCAPSULATION
• Wrapping data and methods into a single unit
(class)
• Access control using private, public, protected
• Protects object integrity

10. ABSTRACTION
• Hides internal details
• Shows only necessary features
• Implemented using abstract classes and
interfaces
• Helps in reducing complexity

11. INHERITANCE
• Allows one class to inherit properties of
another
• Supports code reuse
• Types: single, multiple, hierarchical, multilevel

12. POLYMORPHISM
• One interface, many forms
• Function Overloading: Same function name
with different parameters
• Function Overriding: Redefining parent
function in child class

13. BENEFITS OF OOP
• - Modularity
• - Code reusability
• - Data hiding
• - Easy troubleshooting
• - Real-world modeling

14. OOP VS POP
• OOP:
• - Data focused
• - Secure
• - Code reuse via inheritance
• POP:
• - Function focused
• - Less secure
• - Poor code reuse

15. APPLICATIONS OF OOP
• - Software engineering
• - Game development
• - Web applications
• - Mobile apps
• - Real-time systems