2. 2. North Korean Views of the South 1. Introduction 3. North Korean Policy towards the South 4. Conclusion
3. North Korean Views of the South North Korea has seen South Korea as a competitor or a rival in making an all-Korean nation state, having political instinct, motivation, idea, and interest to remove it. But North Korea had to adapt itself to the changing power relations between the two and viewed the South as a more powerful and threatening competitor since 1970s and as a strategic competitor particularly since June 2000. North Korean Policy towards the South North Korean policy towards the South, particularly its unification policy, has been heavily influenced by the North Korean leadership’s views of the South and the changes in domestic and international structures. North Korea’s policy towards the South has evolved from military conquest to peaceful coexistence. 1. Introduction
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5. 3. North Korean Policy towards the South North Korea’s “Unification Policy” towards the South Objective: Formation of an all-Korean Nation State through Unification Unification Policy: Result of the Interaction between Agential and Structural Variables - Construction of the North as a Democratic Base - Unification by the Use of Force (The Korean War) - Strengthening of a South Korean Revolution - Pursuit of a Federal State: Towards Coexistence *1960: a confederal state (confederation) *1973: Confederal Republic of Koryo (federation) *1980: Democratic Confederal Republic of Koryo (federation) *1991: a temporarily-loosened form of Democratic Confederal Republic of Koryo *2000: a lower stage of Democratic Confederal Republic of Koryo
6. 3. North Korean Policy towards the South (Cont'd) North Korea’s “Unification Policy” towards the South (Cont’d) Unification Policy (Cont’d) - Pursuit of Peaceful Coexistence *1972: July 4 th North-South Joint Statement (three principles of national unification: “ independence, peaceful unification, and grand national unity”) *1991: North-South Agreement on Reconciliation, Nonaggression, and Cooperation and Exchanges ( North-South Basic Agreement) *1993: Ten-Point Platform of All-Korean Grand Unity for Fatherland’s Unification *1997: Kim Jong Il’s “August 4 th Thesis” and Three-Point Charter of Fatherland’s Unification *1998: Five-Point Measures of All-Korean Grand Unity *1999: Letter sent to South Korean authorities, and political parties and social organizations and key Korean figures in the South and overseas *2000: North-South Korean Summit and June 15 th North-South Joint Declaration (“Milestone of National Unification for the 21 st Century” and “June 15 th Spirit” ) Cf. 2002- : North Korean nuclear crisis: “By Our Nation Itself”
