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Begin Presentation

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TO OUR
PRESENTATION

13. PRESENTED BY :
Dwi Hartanti
Ika Riskiana
Syarifatur Rosyidah
Zakiyatun Nida

14. Phonology
Phonology

15. Introducing to Phonology
PhoneticsPhonetics PhonologyPhonology
- What are the sounds ?
- How are they made in
the mouth ?
- What are the sounds ?
- How are they made in
the mouth ?
-- How do sounds
- combine ?
-- How are they
- memorized ?
-- How do sounds
- combine ?
-- How are they
- memorized ?

16. Difference Between ...
Phonetics is the
physical
description of
sounds in language
phonology is the
system of sounds in
language. It's like
the grammar of
sounds in language
PhonologyPhonetics

17. PHONOLOGY
Phonemes Allophone

18. Phonemes
The smallest speech sound that distinguishes
meaning. Its serves to create meaning differences,
e.g. /t/ is different than /d/.

19. Finding Phonemes
We can use One Trick

20. What is Minimal pairsWhat is Minimal pairs
Of Words ?Of Words ?
A minimal pair is a pair of words that have
different meanings and which differ in
only one sound.

21. Example :
[s p]ɪ [z p]ɪ
Different, But
They differ only in
their initial sounds
Different, But
They differ only in
their initial sounds

22. BBAACCKK
TTOO
SSCCHHOOOOLL
• Four golden rules for minimal pairs:
• They must have the same number of
sounds
• They must be identical in every sound
except for one
• The sound that is different must be in
the same position in each word
• The words must have different
meanings

23. The phonetics context (or frame) [b_t] can be used toThe phonetics context (or frame) [b_t] can be used to
find minimal pairs for many English vowels:find minimal pairs for many English vowels:
• [bit] ("beat") /i/
• [b t] ("bit") / /ɪ ɪ
• [bet] ("bait") /e/
• [b t] ("bet") / /ɛ ɛ
• [bæt] ("bat") /æ/
• [but] ("boot") /u/
• [bot] ("boat") /o/
• [b t] ("bought") / / (You may have [ ] here.)ɔ ɔ ɑ
• [b t] ("but") / /ʌ ʌ

24. AllophoneAllophone
 allophone are the actual pronounciation of
phonem
the phonetic variant(s) of
a phoneme.
the phonetic variant(s) of
a phoneme.

25. Kedudukannya..

26. /p/ in pin [p ]ʰ
in spin [p]
/p/ in paper [p e .p ]ʰ ɪ ɚ .
/t/ in top [t ]ʰ
in stop [t]

27. Thank you for your attention ...
See yaa 

28. QUESTIONS
1. Make ten examples of minimal pairs of
words with transciption.
2. What the different between phoneme and
allophone.