Urdu is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by about 104 million people, including as a second language. It is the national language of Pakistan and is closely related to and mutually intelligible with Hindi, though Urdu draws more vocabulary from Persian and Arabic while Hindi incorporates more Sanskrit words. Linguists consider Standard Urdu and Standard Hindi to be different formal registers derived from the same dialect. Urdu is also spoken in over 20 other countries and has been written in the Perso-Arabic script since the 12th century, normally in Nastaliq style.

1. Urdu (‫)اردو‬
Urdu is an Indo-Aryan language with about 104 million speakers,
including those who speak it as a second language. It is the national
language of Pakistan and is closely related to and mutually intelligible
with Hindi, though a lot of Urdu vocabulary comes from Persian and
Arabic, while Hindi contains more vocabulary from Sanskrit. Linguists
consider Standard Urdu and Standard Hindi to be different formal
registers both derived from the Khari Boli dialect, which is also known
as Hindustani. At an informal spoken level there are few significant
differences between Urdu and Hindi and they could be considered
varieties a single language.
Urdu is also spoken in Afghanistan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Botswana,
Fiji, Germany, Guyana, India, Malawi, Mauritius, Nepal, Norway,
Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Thailand, the UAE, the UK
and Zambia.
Urdu has been written with a version of the Perso-Arabic script since
the 12th century and is normally written in Nastaliq style. The word
Urdu is Turkish for 'foreign' or 'horde'.
Urdu abjad

2. The letter nūn-e ğunnah appears only at the ends of words.
Urdu numerals